October 2006 The Hejaz railway, which transported pilgrims from Damascus to Medina, was one of the great train journeys of the world. Now, an ambitious plan is underway to restore it. At the Qadem station on the outskirts of Damascus, tourists inspect rusty old steam trains. Nearly a hundred years ago, these trains were used on the Hejaz line. Now, they could again be used again. "The Hejaz railway was once a joint project of the entire Islamic world", explains archaeologist Ulrich Bellwald. "Maybe it will bring people together again." Restorers hope to rebuild sections of the line destroyed by Lawrence of Arabia, update the infrastructure and renovate station buildings. But hampering reconstruction efforts are hoards of treasure hunters, digging for rumoured gold under the tracks.

Tracing the Amorites migration from Hejaz to the Levant. The West Arabian Amorites sprung out Arabia in waves of tribal federations roaming the desert/semidesert region between the Euphrates in the west and the Mediterrianean sea in the East. They were restricted from Mesopotamia by their Eastern Arabian kinsmen, the Akkadians. The Amorites of the Nroth will settle the highlands and later fall under Hittie influence, after the fall of the Hittites they will emerge as the highlanders (Arameans). The Amorites of Western Canaan will establish the coastal Canaanite towns that will later evolve into Phoenicia and Philistia. The third group of the Amorites were the East Cannanites (lowlanders) concentrated along the Euphrates, mainly following the water and pasture in the midwest Euphrates region. The Meso-Akkadians regarded the Amorites as an uncivilized unproductive group because they didn't have a harvest they can loot or a town to sack to supply their growing empire. To them the Amorites were troublesome Nomadic shepherds a people with no submission and no house in a lifetime! The Amorites viewed the Akkadians as the oppressive imperial power that controlled their only source for survival; the Euphrates water and the needed pasture for their livestock. This Mesopotamian animosity between the Akkadians and Amorites will give birth to the Zodiac as we know it. THe Amorites marked their age with the fall of the Akkadian empire 2160BC (the Akkadian Bull) and the start of the Shepherds age (The Ram). At this point The Zodiac was still two ages and will later become divided into 12 astrological ages once the Amorites enter Babylon. By the 20th Century BC the Amoires were already established in mid-Mesopotamia and started sacking the Neo-Sumerian towns; eventually conquering Babylon, making it their capital in 1959BC. UR survived another 9 years, until it was taken by the Elamites. The Amorites established their authority as he absolute Arabian/Semitic dynasty by crushing the Elamites, starting the Old Babylonian Kingdom. Hammurabi receiving he laws from the sun god. With the death of Hammurabi The Kingdom disintegrated into smaller city states ruled by weak kings. Babylon proper survived for another 100 years. In 1659BC the technologically advanced Hitties conquered Babylon. 1659BC - 1648BC: After the fall of Babylon, the Amorite dialect disappeared from Babylon and was replaced by an Assyro-Akkadian dialect interrupting the gap between Old and Neo-Babylonian and clearly shows that the East-Canaanites disappeared from Mesopotamia. 1649BC: The Amorites conquered Egypt, starting the 15th dynasty. The Amorites will control Egypt for 108 years as the elite class in Egypt. The Amorite Hyksos ruled Egypt for 108 years. However, the Egyptian-born Amorites lacked what their Nomadic ancestors had three generations earlier. By the 1540s BC the East Canaanite Amorites (Hyksos) lost control of Egypt and sensed the danger of remaining in Egypt after the atrocities the first generation commited in Egypt, so they escaped to Sinai fleeing the angry Egyptians. The Hykso escape from Egypt is very similar to the later Judean biblical folkore (the Exodus). In Against Apion, the 1st century historian Josephus simply equates the ProtoHebrews with the Hyksos. In the three centuries between the Exodus and the appearance of the Hebrews. The Egyptians documented raids by Semitic tribes into Canaan. The Egyptians knew them as the HABIRU this group included the remains of the Hyksos and the Pre-Hyksos East Canaanites who remained in Souther Canaan. The Egyptian and Hittite Imperial powers will clash in Kadesh 1274BC The treaty of Kadesh was the beginning of the end of the Imperial influence in Canaan. The power vacuum of the 1200s in Canaan allowed the Phoenician and Philistinian Arabian/Semitic cultures to flourish on their own. Taking advantage of the Egyptian absence, the Hebrews moved into Central Canaan pushing into the Egyptian protected Philistia. هجرة العمور من الحجاز الى الشام خرج العمور من شبه الجزيرة العربية في موجات من القبائل التي جابت المنطقة الصحراويه/الشبه الصحراويه بين الفرات و البحر المتوسط

iran music 4mezrab hejaz rajabi javaheri shahi mostanbet

A beautiful mawal sung by Ehsan Emam during a television interview. The mawal is dedicated to Baghdad.

Young boys dancing the traditional dance in a wedding,

just exploring the instrument

Hejaz Railway was built from Damascus to Madina Munawwara in Ottoman era. Initiated at the orders of Ottoman Sultan, Abdul Hameed II it was mainly built by Turks aided by German supervision.--------------- The work started in 1900 AD and the railway started working on 1st September 1908 AD. It was continuation of the railway line from Istanbul to Damascus and had several stations on its track.--------------- The main six stations were Damascus, Amman, Ma'an ( Jordan), Tabuk, Madain Saleh and the final stop Madina Munawwara.--------------- Before Hejaz railway pilgrims used to come for performing Hajj by camel caravans which used to take 2 months for a one sided journey. Its cost was 40 Pounds.--------------- The Hejaz railway reduced the duration to four days and it was much cheaper at 3.5 pounds only.--------------- The camel caravan owners did not like railway to flourish as it was incurring them great financial losses and hence they quiet often damaged the railway track.--------------- The number of passengers travelling through Hejaz Railway annually rose from 30,000 in the start to 300,000 in 1914 AD. The real damage to Hejaz Railway came from the gurella attacks headed by T E Lawrence ( Lawrence of Arabia) during the four years of world war I from 1914-1918 AD.--------------- After the break up of Ottoman empire Hejaz railway could never start again beyond Jordan. Attempts were made to revive the railway line in 1960's but the war of 1967 ended any such hope.--------------- Meanwhile the advent of automobiles and air transportation by aeroplanes dcreased the necessity of Hejaz railway.--------------- This video is the first of its kind where you will see the old Hejaz Railway station in Madina Munawwara as well as the historic area around it.--------------- Don't forget to see the SAQAYA MOSQUE inside the station premises which belongs to the noble era of Holy Prophet Muhammad ( peace be upon him.--------------- You will also see the ANBARIYA MOSQUE,another Ottoman empire gem in the vicinity of Hejaz Railway station in Madina Munawwara.--------------- In the beginning you will also see the GHAMAMA MOSQUE where Holy ProphetMuhammad ( peace be upon him) took some rest and a cloud came to put his shadow on him.--------------- The mint of Madina Munawwara is famous. You will see the shop of a mint seller. I bought some plants from him and brought back to Jeddah.

Pejman Azarmina performs Chaharmezrab-e Hejaz on Santur from Radif-e Chapkuk by Master Faramarz Payvar

waarheid over Hejaz

waarheid over Hejaz

waarheid over Hejaz

waarheid over Hejaz

waarheid over Hejaz

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Waarheid over hejaz

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waarheid over Hejaz

waarheid over Hejaz

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waarheid over Hejaz

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The purpose was to build a railway using money subscribed by muslims. The stamps are interesting to view and the sizes here are not the originals.

waarheid over Hejaz

waarheid over Hejaz

waarheid over Hejaz