Take a trip down the "Highway Of Life" and discover the history of ALL living things!

Bats under the Congress Avenue Bridge, Austin, Texas.

AP Biology Final Senior Project Special thanks to Mr. Adame for actually letting me do this... hopefully you will enjoy this and not fail me Lyrics: (Eubacteria; prokaryotic) Nature's where I tell 'em Hey I got a new molecule fo you all called DNA (Eubacteria; prokaryotic) You gotta prime it then replicate it three times from 5' to 3' (Aaaaaaaahhhhhhhh yeeeeaaaah!) [Chorus x2] DNA off in this cell Watch me make agarose gel Watch me stain that DNA Then analyze that gel Now watch me Eutrophicate the lake Now watch the Eukaryotic break Now watch the Ubiquinone make charge Now watch the Ureter help discharge [Verse 1:] DNA off in this cell Watch it split and then divide Osmosis makes it swell When there's more sodium chloride Super fresh, under the slide Sliding down a hydra, man When I touch the hydra thrice It lean to the left and stop through habituation I'm culturing bacillus And if we get the probe Then I'm tagging on that virus You catch me at S-210 Yes I cut some DNA Haters getting mad cause "I got me some Adame" [Chorus x2] Chloroplast off in this cell Makes the starch this organelle Arthropods got hemocoels With chitin in their shell Now watch the Euchromatin condense The ears have Eustachian tubes for sense Now watch the Eugenics change our traits Now watch the Uracil, changing base [Verse 2:] Too much population growth No way to have them both Competition in a niche Is gonna cause some genes to flow (flow) Haters wanna be him Gregor Mendel, he's the man They be looking at his peas To say alleles are on same strands (man) Centrifuge (centrifuge) Dense (dense) Pellet's huge (pellet's huge) Nope, his karytope ain't free So, he got trisomy Folk, he got more than twenty three Man that kid was ugly [Chorus x2] Origins of fossil cell Findings made by Charles Lyell Watch me put EcoRI Next to the ladder well Now watch the Euglena detect light Placental Eutheria in tight Collective Eudorina algae E. coli Ubiquitous degree Transport water up the stem Not the phloem, but the xylem Cohesion and root pressure cause Guttation at leaf ends [x10] Antigen through open cyst Helper T there to assist Bind onto that MHC Send cytokines to enlist [x6] [Chorus x2]

Kent presents a number of logical fallacies References 1. Merriam-Webster. 2004. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Merriiam-Webster. 2. Weinberg, S. 2008. Cosmology. Oxford University Press. 3. Hubble, E. 1929. A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra galactic nebulae. PNAS 15(3):168-173. 4. Fixsen DJ, Cheng ES, Gales JM, Mather JC, ShaFer RA, Wright EL. 1996. The Cosmic Microwave Background Spectrum from the Full Cobe1 Firas Data Set. Astrophysical Journal 473:576-587. 5. Reeves H. 1974. On the origin of the light elements. Annuak Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 12:437-470. 6. The Supernova Cosmology Project. 2003. New Constraints on [..], and w from an Independent Set of 11 High-Redshift Supernovae Observed with the Hubble Space Telescope. Astrophysical Journal. 598:102-137. 7. Kuo HM, Goldhaber G, Perlmutter S. 1998. A study of 42 type Ia supernovae and a resulting measurement of... Physics Reports 307(1):325-331. 8. Ellis GFR. 1979. The homogeneity of the universe. General Relativity and Gravitation 11(4):281-289. 9. Misner CW. 1968. The isotropy of the universe. Astrophysical Journal 151:431-457. 10. Hoyle F. 1946. The synthesis of the elements from hydrogen. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 106:343-383. 11. Seeger PA, Fowler WA, Clayton DD. 1965. Nucleosynthesis of heavy elements by neutron capture. Astrophysical Journal Supplement 11:121-166. 12. Bonnell IA, Bate MR. 2006. Star formation through gravitational collapse and competitive accretion. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 370:488-494. 13. McCaughrean MJ and O'dell CR. 1996. Direct Imaging of circumstellar disks in the Orion Nebula. Astrophysical Journal 111:1977. 14. Hazen R. 2005. Gen-e-sis: The Scientific Quest for Life's Origins. Joseph Henry Press. 15. Freeman S and Herron JC. 2007. Evolutionary Analysis, 4th ed. Benjamin Cummings. 16. Schlesinger G and Miller SL. 1983. Prebiotic synthesis in atmospheres containing CH4, CO, and CO2. I. Amino acids. Journal of Molecular Evolution 19:376-382. 17. Stribling R and Miller SL. 1987. Energy yields for hydrogen cyanide and formaldehyde syntheses: the HCN and amino acid concentrations in the primitive ocean. Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere 17:261-273. 18. Miller SL. 1953. A production of amino acids under possible primitive earth conditions. Science 117:528-529. 19. Miller SL and Urey HC. 1959. Organic compound synthes on the primitive earth: several question about the origin of life have been answered, but much remains to be studied. Science 130:245-251. 20. Lee DH, Granja JR, Martinez JA, Severin K, and Ghadri MR. 1996. A self-replicating peptide. Nature 382:525-528. 21. Jeffares DC, Poole AM and Penny D. 1998. Relics from the RNA world. Journal of Molecular Evolution 46:18-36. 22. Ouelleth H. 1993. Bicknell's thrush: taxonomic status and distribution. The Wilson Bulletin. 105(4):545-572. 23. Wayne RK. 1993. Molecular evolution of the dog family. Trends in Genetics 9(6):218-224. 24. Polly PD, Wesley-Hunt GD, Heinricht RE, Davis G, and Houde P. 2006. Earliest known carnivoran auditory bulla and support for a recent origin of crown-group Canivora (Eutheria, Mammalia). Palaeontology 49(5):1019-1027. 25. Gould SJ. 1980. The Panda's Thumb. W. W. Norton.

Kent completely destroys his version of the theory of evolution. References 1. Merriam-Webster. 2004. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Merriiam-Webster. 2. Weinberg, S. 2008. Cosmology. Oxford University Press. 3. Hubble, E. 1929. A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra galactic nebulae. PNAS 15(3):168-173. 4. Fixsen DJ, Cheng ES, Gales JM, Mather JC, ShaFer RA, Wright EL. 1996. The Cosmic Microwave Background Spectrum from the Full Cobe1 Firas Data Set. Astrophysical Journal 473:576-587. 5. Reeves H. 1974. On the origin of the light elements. Annuak Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 12:437-470. 6. The Supernova Cosmology Project. 2003. New Constraints on [..], and w from an Independent Set of 11 High-Redshift Supernovae Observed with the Hubble Space Telescope. Astrophysical Journal. 598:102-137. 7. Kuo HM, Goldhaber G, Perlmutter S. 1998. A study of 42 type Ia supernovae and a resulting measurement of... Physics Reports 307(1):325-331. 8. Ellis GFR. 1979. The homogeneity of the universe. General Relativity and Gravitation 11(4):281-289. 9. Misner CW. 1968. The isotropy of the universe. Astrophysical Journal 151:431-457. 10. Hoyle F. 1946. The synthesis of the elements from hydrogen. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 106:343-383. 11. Seeger PA, Fowler WA, Clayton DD. 1965. Nucleosynthesis of heavy elements by neutron capture. Astrophysical Journal Supplement 11:121-166. 12. Bonnell IA, Bate MR. 2006. Star formation through gravitational collapse and competitive accretion. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 370:488-494. 13. McCaughrean MJ and O'dell CR. 1996. Direct Imaging of circumstellar disks in the Orion Nebula. Astrophysical Journal 111:1977. 14. Hazen R. 2005. Gen-e-sis: The Scientific Quest for Life's Origins. Joseph Henry Press. 15. Freeman S and Herron JC. 2007. Evolutionary Analysis, 4th ed. Benjamin Cummings. 16. Schlesinger G and Miller SL. 1983. Prebiotic synthesis in atmospheres containing CH4, CO, and CO2. I. Amino acids. Journal of Molecular Evolution 19:376-382. 17. Stribling R and Miller SL. 1987. Energy yields for hydrogen cyanide and formaldehyde syntheses: the HCN and amino acid concentrations in the primitive ocean. Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere 17:261-273. 18. Miller SL. 1953. A production of amino acids under possible primitive earth conditions. Science 117:528-529. 19. Miller SL and Urey HC. 1959. Organic compound synthes on the primitive earth: several question about the origin of life have been answered, but much remains to be studied. Science 130:245-251. 20. Lee DH, Granja JR, Martinez JA, Severin K, and Ghadri MR. 1996. A self-replicating peptide. Nature 382:525-528. 21. Jeffares DC, Poole AM and Penny D. 1998. Relics from the RNA world. Journal of Molecular Evolution 46:18-36. 22. Ouelleth H. 1993. Bicknell's thrush: taxonomic status and distribution. The Wilson Bulletin. 105(4):545-572. 23. Wayne RK. 1993. Molecular evolution of the dog family. Trends in Genetics 9(6):218-224. 24. Polly PD, Wesley-Hunt GD, Heinricht RE, Davis G, and Houde P. 2006. Earliest known carnivoran auditory bulla and support for a recent origin of crown-group Canivora (Eutheria, Mammalia). Palaeontology 49(5):1019-1027. 25. Gould SJ. 1980. The Panda's Thumb. W. W. Norton.

Kent presents a number of logical fallacies References 1. Merriam-Webster. 2004. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Merriiam-Webster. 2. Weinberg, S. 2008. Cosmology. Oxford University Press. 3. Hubble, E. 1929. A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra galactic nebulae. PNAS 15(3):168-173. 4. Fixsen DJ, Cheng ES, Gales JM, Mather JC, ShaFer RA, Wright EL. 1996. The Cosmic Microwave Background Spectrum from the Full Cobe1 Firas Data Set. Astrophysical Journal 473:576-587. 5. Reeves H. 1974. On the origin of the light elements. Annuak Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 12:437-470. 6. The Supernova Cosmology Project. 2003. New Constraints on [..], and w from an Independent Set of 11 High-Redshift Supernovae Observed with the Hubble Space Telescope. Astrophysical Journal. 598:102-137. 7. Kuo HM, Goldhaber G, Perlmutter S. 1998. A study of 42 type Ia supernovae and a resulting measurement of... Physics Reports 307(1):325-331. 8. Ellis GFR. 1979. The homogeneity of the universe. General Relativity and Gravitation 11(4):281-289. 9. Misner CW. 1968. The isotropy of the universe. Astrophysical Journal 151:431-457. 10. Hoyle F. 1946. The synthesis of the elements from hydrogen. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 106:343-383. 11. Seeger PA, Fowler WA, Clayton DD. 1965. Nucleosynthesis of heavy elements by neutron capture. Astrophysical Journal Supplement 11:121-166. 12. Bonnell IA, Bate MR. 2006. Star formation through gravitational collapse and competitive accretion. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 370:488-494. 13. McCaughrean MJ and O'dell CR. 1996. Direct Imaging of circumstellar disks in the Orion Nebula. Astrophysical Journal 111:1977. 14. Hazen R. 2005. Gen-e-sis: The Scientific Quest for Life's Origins. Joseph Henry Press. 15. Freeman S and Herron JC. 2007. Evolutionary Analysis, 4th ed. Benjamin Cummings. 16. Schlesinger G and Miller SL. 1983. Prebiotic synthesis in atmospheres containing CH4, CO, and CO2. I. Amino acids. Journal of Molecular Evolution 19:376-382. 17. Stribling R and Miller SL. 1987. Energy yields for hydrogen cyanide and formaldehyde syntheses: the HCN and amino acid concentrations in the primitive ocean. Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere 17:261-273. 18. Miller SL. 1953. A production of amino acids under possible primitive earth conditions. Science 117:528-529. 19. Miller SL and Urey HC. 1959. Organic compound synthes on the primitive earth: several question about the origin of life have been answered, but much remains to be studied. Science 130:245-251. 20. Lee DH, Granja JR, Martinez JA, Severin K, and Ghadri MR. 1996. A self-replicating peptide. Nature 382:525-528. 21. Jeffares DC, Poole AM and Penny D. 1998. Relics from the RNA world. Journal of Molecular Evolution 46:18-36. 22. Ouelleth H. 1993. Bicknell's thrush: taxonomic status and distribution. The Wilson Bulletin. 105(4):545-572. 23. Wayne RK. 1993. Molecular evolution of the dog family. Trends in Genetics 9(6):218-224. 24. Polly PD, Wesley-Hunt GD, Heinricht RE, Davis G, and Houde P. 2006. Earliest known carnivoran auditory bulla and support for a recent origin of crown-group Canivora (Eutheria, Mammalia). Palaeontology 49(5):1019-1027. 25. Gould SJ. 1980. The Panda's Thumb. W. W. Norton.

Kent completely destroys his version of the theory of evolution. References 1. Merriam-Webster. 2004. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Merriiam-Webster. 2. Weinberg, S. 2008. Cosmology. Oxford University Press. 3. Hubble, E. 1929. A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra galactic nebulae. PNAS 15(3):168-173. 4. Fixsen DJ, Cheng ES, Gales JM, Mather JC, ShaFer RA, Wright EL. 1996. The Cosmic Microwave Background Spectrum from the Full Cobe1 Firas Data Set. Astrophysical Journal 473:576-587. 5. Reeves H. 1974. On the origin of the light elements. Annuak Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 12:437-470. 6. The Supernova Cosmology Project. 2003. New Constraints on [..], and w from an Independent Set of 11 High-Redshift Supernovae Observed with the Hubble Space Telescope. Astrophysical Journal. 598:102-137. 7. Kuo HM, Goldhaber G, Perlmutter S. 1998. A study of 42 type Ia supernovae and a resulting measurement of... Physics Reports 307(1):325-331. 8. Ellis GFR. 1979. The homogeneity of the universe. General Relativity and Gravitation 11(4):281-289. 9. Misner CW. 1968. The isotropy of the universe. Astrophysical Journal 151:431-457. 10. Hoyle F. 1946. The synthesis of the elements from hydrogen. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 106:343-383. 11. Seeger PA, Fowler WA, Clayton DD. 1965. Nucleosynthesis of heavy elements by neutron capture. Astrophysical Journal Supplement 11:121-166. 12. Bonnell IA, Bate MR. 2006. Star formation through gravitational collapse and competitive accretion. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 370:488-494. 13. McCaughrean MJ and O'dell CR. 1996. Direct Imaging of circumstellar disks in the Orion Nebula. Astrophysical Journal 111:1977. 14. Hazen R. 2005. Gen-e-sis: The Scientific Quest for Life's Origins. Joseph Henry Press. 15. Freeman S and Herron JC. 2007. Evolutionary Analysis, 4th ed. Benjamin Cummings. 16. Schlesinger G and Miller SL. 1983. Prebiotic synthesis in atmospheres containing CH4, CO, and CO2. I. Amino acids. Journal of Molecular Evolution 19:376-382. 17. Stribling R and Miller SL. 1987. Energy yields for hydrogen cyanide and formaldehyde syntheses: the HCN and amino acid concentrations in the primitive ocean. Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere 17:261-273. 18. Miller SL. 1953. A production of amino acids under possible primitive earth conditions. Science 117:528-529. 19. Miller SL and Urey HC. 1959. Organic compound synthes on the primitive earth: several question about the origin of life have been answered, but much remains to be studied. Science 130:245-251. 20. Lee DH, Granja JR, Martinez JA, Severin K, and Ghadri MR. 1996. A self-replicating peptide. Nature 382:525-528. 21. Jeffares DC, Poole AM and Penny D. 1998. Relics from the RNA world. Journal of Molecular Evolution 46:18-36. 22. Ouelleth H. 1993. Bicknell's thrush: taxonomic status and distribution. The Wilson Bulletin. 105(4):545-572. 23. Wayne RK. 1993. Molecular evolution of the dog family. Trends in Genetics 9(6):218-224. 24. Polly PD, Wesley-Hunt GD, Heinricht RE, Davis G, and Houde P. 2006. Earliest known carnivoran auditory bulla and support for a recent origin of crown-group Canivora (Eutheria, Mammalia). Palaeontology 49(5):1019-1027. 25. Gould SJ. 1980. The Panda's Thumb. W. W. Norton.

mama and baby nutria (Myocastor coypus, AKA 'mouse beaver'), Midorigaoka, Itami

Midorigaoka, Itami, Hyogo

bees came to live on our deck!

handblown glass by Elaine Miles

glass work by Elaine Miles hanging in Federation Square, Melbourne