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'Williamite' refers to the followers of King William III of England who deposed King James II in the Glorious Revolution. William, the Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, replaced James with the support of English Whigs, to ensure England's entry into his League of Augsburg against France in the Nine Years War.
However, for Williamites in England, Scotland and Ireland, William was seen as the guarantor of civil and religious liberty and the Protestant monarchy against Catholic absolutism. The term "Williamite" is most commonly used to refer to William's multi-national army in Ireland during the Williamite war in Ireland, 1689-91.
In Ireland itself, William was supported by Protestant settlers and opposed by the native Irish catholic Jacobites who supported James. He is still depicted in the iconography of the Orange Order, whose name comes from William's dynasty, the House of Orange-Nassau.

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★ J.G. Simms, Jacobite Ireland, London 1969