Discover

The 'Western Apache' language is a Southern Athabaskan language spoken by the Western Apache peoples living primarily in east central Arizona. Goodwin (1938) claims that Western Apache can be divided into five dialect groupings:

★ Cibecue,

★ Northern Tonto,

★ Southern Tonto,

★ San Carlos

★ White Mountain
Other researchers do not find any linguistic evidence for five groups, but rather three main varieties with several subgroupings:

★ San Carlos,

★ White Mountain

★ Tonto
Western Apache is most closely related to other Southern Athabaskan languages like Navajo, Chiricahua Apache, Mescalero Apache, Lipan Apache, Plains Apache, and Jicarilla Apache.

Contents

References & Recommended reading

External links

References & Recommended reading

'' For the references, see the subarticle: 'Western Apache/Bibliography'.''

External links

★ American Indian Language Development Institute (has children's video of Catcus Boy story in Western Apache)

★ Western Apache-English Dictionary (White Mountain)

★ Simplied Apache Pronunciation

★ Apache Texts

★ Issues in Language Textbook Development: The Case of Western Apache

★ White Mountain Apache Language: Issues in Language Shift, Textbook Development, and Native Speaker-University Collaboration

★ Western Apache vocabulary word list