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'Viken' () is a historical district surrounding the Oslofjord in southeastern Norway. The cultural hub is centred in Oslo, but the capital of the region was formerly at Borre. It comprises the historical provinces of Vestfold, Østfold, Ranrike, Vingulmark and Båhuslen. During the European Migration Period, this was a heavily fortified area.
The word "viking" is derived from this placename, meaning "person from Viken". Originally "viking" was only the word for persons from this area, it's only in the last few centuries that it has gotten the broader meaning of being a name for early medieval Scandinavians in general.