:''For later events related to this see
Timeline of the Republic of Texas.''
This is a 'timeline of the Texas Revolution', spanning the time from the earliest independence movements of the area of
Texas, over the declaration of independence from
Spain, up to the secession of the
Republic of Texas from
Mexico.
The
Texas revolution moved in two phases: the initial colonist revolt and expulsion of all federal garrisons from
Texas, followed by the
Mexican attempt to put down the rebellion and the eventual defeat and capture of Mexican president and general
Antonio López de Santa Anna.
1700s
★ 1786 –
David Crockett is born near the
Nolichucky River in
Greene County, Tennessee.
★ 1793 –
Sam Houston is born in
Rockbridge County, Virginia.
★ 1794 –
Antonio López de Santa Anna is born in
Xalapa,
Veracruz.
★ 1796 –
James Bowie is born in
Kentucky.
1800s
★ 1806 – Former
U.S. Vice President Aaron Burr is arrested in
New Orleans on charges of
treason. He and co-conspirators had hoped to create an independent republic in the West, centered on
Texas.
★ 1809 –
William Travis is born in
Saluda County, South Carolina.
1810s
★ 1810 –
Mexico declares its independence from
Spain.
★ 1813 –
Tejano independence revolt in
San Antonio is crushed by
Spanish forces at the
Battle of the Medina.
1820s
★ 1821 –
Mexico achieves independence from
Spain (
Treaty of Córdoba).
★
1823 January 3 –
Moses Austin is granted permission by Mexico to found a colony of 300 families in the
Brazos River region. However,
Moses Austin dies before this can be done and his son
Stephen F. Austin carries on his father's goal by taking the 300 families to
Texas. This group is now known as the "
Old Three Hundred".
★ 1824 –
Constitution of 1824 establishes a federal republic in Mexico.
★ 1825 –
George Fisher helps found first
York Rite Masonic Lodge in
Mexico.
★ 1829 –
George Fisher becomes naturalized Mexican citizen and contracts to settle five hundred families on lands in Texas formerly held by
Haden Harrison Edwards.
1830s
1831
★ 1831 – Mexican government gives settlers at
Gonzales a small cannon as defense against the
Native Americans.
★ 1831 November –
George Fisher sets up a customhouse at
Anahuac, Texas, on
Galveston Bay, and rules that all goods leaving
Texas must be cleared through
Anahuac. Action leads to the
Anahuac Disturbances.
1832
★ 1832 - The
Turtle Bayou Resolutions are created as a result of the first
Anahuac Disturbance.
★ 1832 -
George Fisher begins publishing the liberal newspaper ''
Mercurio del Puerto de Matamoros'' in
Matamoros.
★
1832 June 26 –
Battle of Velasco results in the first casualties of the developing
Texas Revolution.
★ 1832 –
Convention of 1832 convenes, triggered by rising unrest at the policies of the
Mexico City government.
1833
★ 1833 –
Antonio López de Santa Anna Perez de Lebron elected
president.
★ 1833 –
Convention of 1833.
1834
★ 1834 –
Stephen F. Austin travels to
Mexico City to present petitions to the government on behalf of
Texas. After some initial success in his negotiations, Austin came to an impasse and was imprisoned without any specific charges.
1835
★
1835 June 20 -
William Travis, militia free Anglo captives at second
Anahuac Disturbance; ejects soldiers back to
Mexico.
★ 1835 –
Stephen F. Austin announces that war with
Mexico is necessary to secure the freedom of
Texas.
★ 1835 September -
George Fisher is banished from
Mexico by order of Santa Anna, given six days to wrap up his affairs in Matamoros. Leaves for New Orleans.
★
1835 September 1 – The Texas ship ''
Laura'' attacks the Mexican ship ''
Correo de Mejico''.
★ 1835 September – Texan settlers at
Gonzales refuse order by
Domingo Ugartechea, commander at
San Antonio de Bexar, to return the cannon.
★
1835 September 20 – General
Martin Perfecto de Cos, lands at Copano with an advance force of ~300 troops, marches toward Goliad.
★
1835 September 29 –
Ugartechea sends Lieutenant
Francisco Castañeda with 100
dragoons to force
Gonzales settlers to return the cannon.
'The revolution begins'
★
1835 October 2 -
Cos occupies Goliad, soon receives ~450 reinforcements and departs for San Antonio de Bexar, leaving a residual force of ~30 at Goliad.
★
1835 October 2 –
Battle of Gonzales: Revolution begins with battle following refusal by Texan Colonel
John Henry Moore to return cannon to
Castañeda, who retreats.
★
1835 October 9 –
Battle of Goliad, Texians occupy presidio (stronghold) of La Bahia.
★ 1835 October 11 –
Stephen F. Austin elected commander of the
Volunteer Army of the People.
★
1835 October 13 –
George Fisher and
José Antonio Mexía begin organize a movement in
New Orleans to attack
Tampico to instigate revolt among the eastern states of
Mexico.
★
1835 October 28 –
Battle of Concepción: 90 Texans defeat 450 Mexicans.
★
1835 November 1 – The thirty-four day
siege of San Antonio by the Texans begins.
★
1835 November 3 – Texans captures
Fort Lipantitlan. The
Consultation meets in
San Felipe de Austin to form a new government.
★
1835 November 4 –
Battle of Nueces Crossing.
★
1835 November 6 – The
Tampico Expedition under
José Antonio Mexía leaves
New Orleans in the
schooner ''
Mary Jane''.
★
1835 November 14 – Schooner ''Mary Jane'', commanded by
Mexía, runs aground near
Tampico.
★
1835 November 15 –
Mexía attacks
Tampico and is defeated by
Gregorio Gómez.
Mexía retreats to American schooner, leaving 31 prisoners.
★
1835 November 26 –
James Bowie and
James Fannin lead Texans in the
Grass Fight.
★
1835 December 3 –
Mexía arrives at the
Brazos River with the remnants of the failed
Tampico Expedition.
★
1835 December 5 –
Battle of Bexar starts.
★
1835 December 10 – Mexican Gen.
Martín Cos surrenders over 1,000 Mexican troops and the
Alamo to Texan forces at
San Antonio.
★
1835 December 14 – Execution of 28 prisoners of the
Tampico Expedition by order of
Santa Anna.
★
1835 December 30 –
Santa Anna receives declaration from
Mexican Congress that all foreigners taken in arms against the government should be treated as pirates and shot.
1836
★
1836 January 3 –
James Grant and
Frank Johnson are ordered to attack
Matamoros. They strip the Alamo of its supplies.
★
1836 January 6 –
Santa Anna arrives at
Saltillo.
★
1836 January 14 –
Sam Houston arrives at
Goliad.
J.C. Neill, commander at the Alamo, pleads for supplies.
★
1836 January 19 –
James Bowie and
James Bonham arrive at the Alamo with thirty men.
★
1836 February 1 – Elections are held in settlements across Texas for an independence convention.
★
1836 February 3 –
William Travis arrives at the
Alamo.
★
1836 February 8 –
David Crockett arrives at the
Alamo.
★
1836 February 11 – Alamo commander
J.C. Neill leaves the Alamo due to a family illness.
Travis appointed commander.
★
1836 February 13 –
Santa Anna and his army reach the city of
Guerrero. Travis and Bowie agree upon joint command of the Alamo's forces.
★
1836 February 16 –
Santa Anna crosses the
Rio Grande.
★
1836 February 17 –
Travis sends out letters pleading for men and supplies.
★
1836 February 21 –
Santa Anna arrives at the
Medina River.
★
1836 February 22 – Texans celebrate
George Washington's birthday with a party at
Domingo Bustillo's house on Soledad Street.
★
1836 February 23 –
Santa Anna enters
San Antonio. The
Alamo comes under artillery fire from
Mexican troops.
★
1836 February 24 –
Travis writes his famous "
to the People of Texas & all Americans in the world" letter.
Bowie becomes ill.
★
1836 February 25 – Mexican
artillery begin shelling the Alamo.
Fannin receives
Travis' plea for aid.
★
1836 February 26 –
James Fannin attempts his relief march to the Alamo, but turns back.
★
1836 February 27 – Gen.
José de Urrea attacks and defeats a small band of Texans at the
Battle of San Patricio.
★
1836 March 1 –
Convention of 1836 of elected delegates convenes at
Washington-on-the-Brazos. Thirty-two to sixty men from Gonzales of the "
Gonzales Company of Mounted Volunteers" enter the Alamo at 1:00 A.M.
'Texas declares independence'
★
1836 March 2 –
Texas Declaration of Independence is signed and the
Republic of Texas is declared.
David G. Burnet is elected interim president by the delegates. Texans defeated at the
Battle of Agua Dulce.
★
1836 March 3 –
James B. Bonham arrives back at the Alamo telling Travis that Fannin was not coming.
★
1836 March 4 –
Santa Anna holds a council of war with Generals
Joaquín Ramírez y Sesma,
Martín Perfecto de Cos,
Manuel F. Castrillón and Colonels
Juan Almonte,
Agustín Amat,
Francisco Duque and
Manuel Romero to plan the final assault.
Sam Houston is appointed commander of Texas forces.
★
1836 March 5 – Mexican artillery stops shelling the Alamo.
★
1836 March 6 –
Battle of the Alamo: the Alamo falls. Approximately 190-250 Texans and Tejanos die. The thirteen-day siege resulted in the deaths of all of its defenders, including
William B. Travis,
Davy Crockett, and
Jim Bowie.
★
1836 March 8 – Mexican General
Gaona arrives with his artillery at the Alamo.
★
1836 March 10 – Mexican General
Andrade arrives at the Alamo.
★
1836 March 11 – Houston begins his retreat from Gonzales precipitating the
Runaway Scrape.
★
1836 March 12 –
Battle of Refugio begins: Texan troops commanded by Lt. Col.
William Ward and
Amos King are attacked by General
Urrea. After several hours of fighting, the Texans retreat.
King's troops are captured by the Mexicans.
★
1836 March 19 –
Battle of Coleto: General
Urrea defeats Colonel
James Fannin near
Goliad.
Fannin surrenders.
★
1836 March 21 –
Battle of Copano.
★
1836 March 27 –
Goliad Massacre:
James Fannin and nearly 400 Texans are executed by order of
Santa Anna.
Houston and his army camp near
San Felipe de Austin.
★
1836 March 28 –
Houston orders
Wiley Martin and
Mosley Baker to guard his retreat thus delaying
Santa Anna's crossing the
Brazos River.
★
1836 April 7 –
Santa Anna's army reaches San Felipe and is pinned down by M. Baker's men.
★
1836 April 8 –
Santa Anna joins
Ramirez y Sesma at
Beason's Crossing.
★
1836 April 12 –
Santa Anna crosses
Fort Bend on the
Brazos River;
Houston uses the boat ''
Yellow Stone'' to cross the
Brazos River.
David G. Burnet and his cabinet barely escape the arriving Mexican army. Colonel Almonte decides not to shoot the fleeing party.
★
1836 April 18 –
Houston and his army arrive outside of
Harrisburg.
★
1836 April 20 – Texan and Mexican patrols clash at
Morgan's Point,
Houston moves his army to
Buffalo Bayou.
J.C. Neill is wounded and replaced by
G.W. Hockley. A cavalry attack lead by
Sidney Sherman engages the Mexican army.
★
1836 April 21 –
Battle of San Jacinto: Texan army under
Sam Houston overwhelmingly defeats Mexican force under
Santa Anna, securing Texas independence.
Santa Anna captured.
★
1836 May 14 –
Treaties of Velasco signed by
Republic of Texas officials and General
Santa Anna.