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EspañolROYAL NORWEGIAN ORDER OF ST OLAV
(Redirected from The Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav)
'The Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav' (Norwegian: ''Den Kongelige Norske St. Olavs Orden''; or ''Sanct Olafs Orden'', the old Norwegian name) is a Norwegian order of chivalry that was instituted by King Oscar I of Norway and Sweden on August 21, 1847, as a distinctly Norwegian order. It is named after King Olav II, known for posterity as St. Olav. Nobility was abolished in Norway in 1821. Just before the union with Sweden was dissolved in 1905, the order of the Norwegian Lion was instituted in 1904 by King Oscar II, but it was not awarded by his successor Haakon VII. The order of St. Olav thus became the kingdom's only order of chivalry for the next 80 years. The Grand Master of the order is the reigning monarch of Norway. It is awarded to individuals as a reward for remarkable accomplishments on behalf of the father country and humanity. Since 1985, the order has only been conferred upon Norwegian citizens, though foreign heads of state are awarded the order as a matter of courtesy.
The reigning monarch awards the order upon the recommendation of a six-member commission, consisting of a chancellor, vice chancellor, the court treasurer, and one representative from the southern, central, and northern parts of Norway. The prime minister nominates the members of the commission, and the monarch approves them. Nominations for the award are directed at the commission through the county mayor.
The order is divided into five classes and may be awarded for either civilian or military contributions, the Collar is awarded as a separate distinction of the Grand Cross to those recipients deemed exceptionally worthy, in descending order of distinction:
★ Grand Cross with Collar of St. Olav - awarded to heads of state as a courtesy and in rare cases to individuals for merit; wears the badge on a collar (chain), plus the star on the left chest. If the collar is not worn the badge may be worn on a sash on the right shoulder;
★ Grand Cross of St. Olav - awarded to heads of state as a courtesy and in rare cases to individuals for merit; wears the badge on a sash on the right shoulder, plus the star on the left chest;
★ Commander with Star - wears the badge on a necklet, plus the star on the left chest;
★ Commander - wears the badge on a necklet;
★ Knight, First Class - wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest;
★ Knight - wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest.
Recipients are expected to return the insignia upon advancement to a higher level of the order, or upon their death. Since it was instituted, it has been awarded approximately 5,000 times. The insignia are produced in Norway by craftsmen.
The Norwegian king also awards the ''St. Olav Medal'' in gold and silver for "activities for the benefit of society," but these do not confer upon the recipient membership in an order.
The ''collar'' of the Order is in gold, with six enamelled and crowned monograms "O" (for Olav), six enamelled and crowned coat-of-arms of Norway, and 12 gold ''crosses bottony'' each flanked by two axes with silver blades and golden shafts (The latter element is also featured in the coat of arms of the Church of Norway).
The ''badge'' of the Order is a white enamelled Maltese Cross, in silver for the knight class and in gilt of the higher classes; crowned monograms "O" (for Olav) appear between the arms of the cross. The obverse central disc is red with the golden Norwegian lion; the reverse disc bears the motto "Justice and Truth" in Norwegian; both discs are surrounded by a white-blue-white ring. The cross is topped by a crown; military awards have crossed swords between the crown and the cross.
The ''star'' of the Order for the Grand Cross is an eight-pointed silver star with faceted rays, bearing the obverse of the badge of the Order (minus the crown on the top).
The ''star'' for Commander with Star is a silver faceted Maltese Cross, with gilt crowned monograms "O" (for Olav) between the arms of the cross. The central disc is red with the golden Norwegian lion, surrounded by a white-blue-white ring.
The ''ribbon'' of the Order is red with white-blue-white edge stripes.
In the Order of precedence used at the royal court of Norway, bearers of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav with collar are ranked 15 in the Order of precedence directly after The Lady Chamberlain and generals and directly before recipients of the War Cross with sword. Bearers of the Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav are ranked 16.
The medal is ranked third in the general ranking of Norwegian orders and medals for use when wearing more than one medal.
This list contains 81 holders of the Grand Cross, 21 of which have also been awarded the Collar and gives the year of their appointment. The list is collated alphabetically by last name, those recipients not possessing a last name, such as royalty and most Icelanders are collated by first name. 5 of the listed are not heads of states or royals, these are marked by names in bold.
''This list was last updated on 20 December 2006.''
★ Official website on the order (Norwegian)
★ Unofficial website on The Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav (In English with translations to French, Italian, Portuguese, German, Spanish, Dutch, Russian, Chinese and Japanese)
★ The Collection of Henrik Revens Website features orders and medals of Norway as well as other Nordic countries.
An early design of the collar of the Order of St. Olav
'The Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav' (Norwegian: ''Den Kongelige Norske St. Olavs Orden''; or ''Sanct Olafs Orden'', the old Norwegian name) is a Norwegian order of chivalry that was instituted by King Oscar I of Norway and Sweden on August 21, 1847, as a distinctly Norwegian order. It is named after King Olav II, known for posterity as St. Olav. Nobility was abolished in Norway in 1821. Just before the union with Sweden was dissolved in 1905, the order of the Norwegian Lion was instituted in 1904 by King Oscar II, but it was not awarded by his successor Haakon VII. The order of St. Olav thus became the kingdom's only order of chivalry for the next 80 years. The Grand Master of the order is the reigning monarch of Norway. It is awarded to individuals as a reward for remarkable accomplishments on behalf of the father country and humanity. Since 1985, the order has only been conferred upon Norwegian citizens, though foreign heads of state are awarded the order as a matter of courtesy.
The reigning monarch awards the order upon the recommendation of a six-member commission, consisting of a chancellor, vice chancellor, the court treasurer, and one representative from the southern, central, and northern parts of Norway. The prime minister nominates the members of the commission, and the monarch approves them. Nominations for the award are directed at the commission through the county mayor.
The order is divided into five classes and may be awarded for either civilian or military contributions, the Collar is awarded as a separate distinction of the Grand Cross to those recipients deemed exceptionally worthy, in descending order of distinction:
★ Grand Cross with Collar of St. Olav - awarded to heads of state as a courtesy and in rare cases to individuals for merit; wears the badge on a collar (chain), plus the star on the left chest. If the collar is not worn the badge may be worn on a sash on the right shoulder;
★ Grand Cross of St. Olav - awarded to heads of state as a courtesy and in rare cases to individuals for merit; wears the badge on a sash on the right shoulder, plus the star on the left chest;
★ Commander with Star - wears the badge on a necklet, plus the star on the left chest;
★ Commander - wears the badge on a necklet;
★ Knight, First Class - wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest;
★ Knight - wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest.
Recipients are expected to return the insignia upon advancement to a higher level of the order, or upon their death. Since it was instituted, it has been awarded approximately 5,000 times. The insignia are produced in Norway by craftsmen.
The Norwegian king also awards the ''St. Olav Medal'' in gold and silver for "activities for the benefit of society," but these do not confer upon the recipient membership in an order.
| Contents |
| Insignia |
| Ranking |
| Current holders of the Grand Cross |
| By country of origin |
| External links |
Insignia
The ''collar'' of the Order is in gold, with six enamelled and crowned monograms "O" (for Olav), six enamelled and crowned coat-of-arms of Norway, and 12 gold ''crosses bottony'' each flanked by two axes with silver blades and golden shafts (The latter element is also featured in the coat of arms of the Church of Norway).
The ''badge'' of the Order is a white enamelled Maltese Cross, in silver for the knight class and in gilt of the higher classes; crowned monograms "O" (for Olav) appear between the arms of the cross. The obverse central disc is red with the golden Norwegian lion; the reverse disc bears the motto "Justice and Truth" in Norwegian; both discs are surrounded by a white-blue-white ring. The cross is topped by a crown; military awards have crossed swords between the crown and the cross.
The ''star'' of the Order for the Grand Cross is an eight-pointed silver star with faceted rays, bearing the obverse of the badge of the Order (minus the crown on the top).
The ''star'' for Commander with Star is a silver faceted Maltese Cross, with gilt crowned monograms "O" (for Olav) between the arms of the cross. The central disc is red with the golden Norwegian lion, surrounded by a white-blue-white ring.
The ''ribbon'' of the Order is red with white-blue-white edge stripes.
Ranking
In the Order of precedence used at the royal court of Norway, bearers of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav with collar are ranked 15 in the Order of precedence directly after The Lady Chamberlain and generals and directly before recipients of the War Cross with sword. Bearers of the Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav are ranked 16.
The medal is ranked third in the general ranking of Norwegian orders and medals for use when wearing more than one medal.
Current holders of the Grand Cross
This list contains 81 holders of the Grand Cross, 21 of which have also been awarded the Collar and gives the year of their appointment. The list is collated alphabetically by last name, those recipients not possessing a last name, such as royalty and most Icelanders are collated by first name. 5 of the listed are not heads of states or royals, these are marked by names in bold.
''This list was last updated on 20 December 2006.''
| Name | Title, Position | Grand Cross with Collar | Grand Cross | Year of appointment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abdullah II | King of Jordan | 'X' | 2000 | |
| Valdas Adamkus | President of Lithuania | 'X' | 1998 | |
| Martti Ahtisaari | 10th President of Finland | 'X' | 1994 | |
| Akihito | Emperor of Japan | 'X' | 'X' | 2001, 1953 |
| Albert II | King of Belgium | 'X' | 1964 | |
| Andrew | Prince of the United Kingdom | 'X' | 1988 | |
| Astrid | Princess of Norway | 'X' | 1956 | |
| Beatrix | Queen of the Netherlands | 'X' | 1964 | |
| Benedikte | Princess of Denmark | 'X' | 1974 | |
| Bhumibol Adulyadej | King of Thailand | 'X' | 1960 | |
| 'Kjell Magne Bondevik' | former Prime Minister of Norway | 'X' | 2004 | |
| Carl XVI Gustaf | King of Sweden | 'X' | 1974 | |
| Carl Philip | Prince of Sweden | 'X' | 2005 | |
| Charles | Crown Prince of the United Kingdom | 'X' | 1978 | |
| Jacques Chirac | 22nd President of France | 'X' | 2000 | |
| Christina | Princess of Sweden | 'X' | 1992 | |
| Carlo Azeglio Ciampi | former President of Italy | 'X' | 2001 | |
| Constantine II | former King of the Hellenes | 'X' | 1964 | |
| Emil Constantinescu | former President of Romania | 'X' | 1999 | |
| Cristina | Princess of Spain | 'X' | 1995 | |
| Désirée | Princess of Sweden | 'X' | 1992 | |
| Edward | Prince of the United Kingdom | 'X' | 1988 | |
| Elena | Princess of Spain | 'X' | 1995 | |
| Elizabeth II | Queen of the United Kingdom | 'X' | 1955 | |
| Felipe | Crown Prince of Spain | 'X' | 1995 | |
| Frederik | Crown Prince of Denmark | 'X' | 1990 | |
| Árpád Göncz | former President of Hungary | 'X' | 1999 | |
| Haakon | Crown Prince of Norway | 'X' | 1991 | |
| 'Knut Magne Hagen' | former secretary to the King | 'X' | 2000 | |
| Harald V | King of Norway | 'X' Grand Master | 1955, 1991 | |
| Hassan | Prince of Jordan (former Crown Prince) | 'X' | 2000? | |
| Henri | Grand Duke of Luxembourg | 'X' | 1996 | |
| Henrik | Prince Consort of Denmark | 'X' | 1968 | |
| Roman Herzog | former President of Germany | 'X' | 1998 | |
| Jean | Grand Duke of Luxembourg | 'X' | 1964 | |
| Joachim | Prince of Denmark | 'X' | 1991 | |
| Juan Carlos I | King of Spain | 'X' | 1982 | |
| 'Kaare Langlete' | former Master of the Royal Household | 'X' | 1993 | |
| Mauno Koivisto | 9th President of Finland | 'X' | 1983 | |
| 'Jørgen Hårek Kosmo' | former President of the Norwegian Parliament | 'X' | 2005 | |
| Aleksander Kwaśniewski | former President of Poland | 'X' | 1996 | |
| Lilian | Princess of Sweden | 'X' | 1992 | |
| Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva | President of Brazil | 'X' | 2003 | |
| Madeleine | Princess of Sweden | 'X' | 2005 | |
| Ferenc Mádl | former president of Hungary | 'X' | 2002 | |
| 'Lars Petter Forberg' | Master of the Royal Household | 'X' | 2004 | |
| Nelson Mandela | former President of South Africa | 'X' | 1998 | |
| Margrethe II | Queen of Denmark | 'X' | 1958 | |
| Margriet | Princess of the Netherlands | 'X' | 1964 | |
| Maria Teresa | Grand Duchess of Luxembourg | 'X' | 1964 | |
| Märtha Louise | Princess of Norway | 'X' | 1989 | |
| Mary | Crown Princess of Denmark | 'X' | 2005 | |
| Masako | Crown Princess of Japan | 'X' | 2001 | |
| Mathilde | Crown Princess of Belgium | 'X' | 2003 | |
| Medferiashwork | former Crown Princess of Ethiopia | 'X' | 1956 | |
| Mette-Marit | Crown Princess of Norway | 'X' | 2001 | |
| Michiko | Empress of Japan | 'X' | 2001 | |
| Naruhito | Crown Prince of Japan | 'X' | 2001 | |
| Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson | President of Iceland | 'X' | 1998 | |
| Paola | Queen of Belgium | 'X' | 1997 | |
| Philip | Prince Consort of the United Kingdom | 'X' | 1952 | |
| Philippe | Crown Prince of Belgium | 'X' | 2003 | |
| Ragnhild | Princess of Norway | 'X' | ? | |
| António Ramalho Eanes | 17th President of Portugal | 'X' | 1978 | |
| Rania | Queen of Jordan | 'X' | 2000 | |
| Richard | Prince of the United Kingdom | 'X' | 1973 | |
| Arnold Rüütel | 3rd President of Estonia | 'X' | 2002 | |
| Jorge Sampaio | former president of Portugal | 'X' | 2004 | |
| Silvia | Queen of Sweden | 'X' | 1982 | |
| Sirikit | Queen of Thailand | 'X' | 1965 | |
| 'Carsten Smith' | former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norway | 'X' | 2003 | |
| Sofía | Queen of Spain | 'X' | 1982 | |
| Sonja | Queen of Norway | 'X' | 1972 | |
| Constantinos Stephanopoulos | former President of Greece | 'X' | 2004 | |
| Tomohito | Princess of Japan | 'X' | 2001 | |
| Guntis Ulmanis | former President of Latvia | 'X' | 1998 | |
| Vigdís Finnbogadóttir | 4th President of Iceland | 'X' | 1982 | |
| Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga | former President of Latvia | 'X' | 2000 | |
| Victoria | Crown Princess of Sweden | 'X' | 1995 | |
| Lech Wałęsa | former President of Poland | 'X' | 1995 | |
| Marianne von Weizsäcker | former first lady of Germany | 'X' | 1986 | |
| Richard von Weizsäcker | former President of Germany | 'X' | 1986 | |
| Willem-Alexander | Crown Prince of the Netherlands | 'X' | 1996 |
By country of origin
| Country | Name | Title, Position | Grand Cross with Collar | Grand Cross | Year of appointment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Albert II | King | 'X' | 1964 | |
| Mathilde | Crown Princess | 'X' | 2003 | ||
| Paola | Queen | 'X' | 1997 | ||
| Philippe | Crown Prince | 'X' | 2003 | ||
| Brazil | Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva | President | 'X' | 2003 | |
| Denmark | Benedikte | Princess | 'X' | 1974 | |
| Frederik | Crown Prince | 'X' | 1990 | ||
| Henrik | Prince Consort | 'X' | 1968 | ||
| Joachim | Prince | 'X' | 1991 | ||
| Margrethe II | Queen | 'X' | 1958 | ||
| Mary | Crown Princess | 'X' | 2005 | ||
| Estonia | Lennart Meri | 2nd President | 'X' | 1998 | |
| Arnold Rüütel | 3rd President | 'X' | 2002 | ||
| Ethiopia | Medferiashwork | former Crown Princess | 'X' | 1956 | |
| Finland | Martti Ahtisaari | 10th President | 'X' | 1994 | |
| Mauno Koivisto | 9th President | 'X' | 1983 | ||
| France | Jacques Chirac | former President | 'X' | 2000 | |
| Germany | Roman Herzog | former President | 'X' | 1998 | |
| Marianne von Weizsäcker | former first lady | 'X' | 1986 | ||
| Richard von Weizsäcker | former President | 'X' | 1986 | ||
| Greece | Constantine II | former King | 'X' | 1964 | |
| Constantinos Stephanopoulos | former President | 'X' | 2004 | ||
| Hungary | Árpád Göncz | former President | 'X' | 1999 | |
| Ferenc Mádl | former president | 'X' | 2002 | ||
| Iceland | Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson | President | 'X' | 1998 | |
| Vigdís Finnbogadóttir | 4th President | 'X' | 1982 | ||
| Italy | Carlo Azeglio Ciampi | former President | 'X' | 2001 | |
| Japan | Akihito | Emperor | 'X' | 'X' | 2001, 1953 |
| Masako | Crown Princess | 'X' | 2001 | ||
| Michiko | Empress | 'X' | 2001 | ||
| Naruhito | Crown Prince | 'X' | 2001 | ||
| Tomohito | Princess | 'X' | 2001 | ||
| Jordan | Abdullah II | King | 'X' | 2000 | |
| Hassan | Prince (former Crown Prince) | 'X' | 2000? | ||
| Rania | Queen | 'X' | 2000 | ||
| Latvia | Guntis Ulmanis | former President | 'X' | 1998 | |
| Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga | former President | 'X' | 2000 | ||
| Lithuania | Valdas Adamkus | President | 'X' | 1998 | |
| Luxembourg | Henri | Grand Duke | 'X' | 1996 | |
| Jean | Grand Duke | 'X' | 1964 | ||
| Maria Teresa | Grand Duchess | 'X' | 1964 | ||
| Netherlands | Beatrix | Queen | 'X' | 1964 | |
| Margriet | Princess | 'X' | 1964 | ||
| Willem-Alexander | Crown Prince | 'X' | 1996 | ||
| Norway | Astrid | Princess | 'X' | 1956 | |
| Kjell Magne Bondevik | former Prime Minister | 'X' | 2004 | ||
| Lars Petter Forberg | Master of the Royal Household | 'X' | 2004 | ||
| Haakon | Crown Prince | 'X' | 1991 | ||
| Knut Magne Hagen | former secretary to the King | 'X' | 2000 | ||
| Harald V | King | 'X' Grand Master | 1955, 1991 | ||
| Kaare Langlete | former Master of the Royal Household | 'X' | 1993 | ||
| Jørgen Hårek Kosmo | former President of the Norwegian Parliament | 'X' | 2005 | ||
| Märtha Louise | Princess | 'X' | 1989 | ||
| Mette-Marit | Crown Princess | 'X' | 2001 | ||
| Ragnhild | Princess | 'X' | ? | ||
| Carsten Smith | former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norway | 'X' | 2003 | ||
| Sonja | Queen | 'X' | 1972 | ||
| Poland | Aleksander Kwaśniewski | former President | 'X' | 1996 | |
| Lech Wałęsa | former President | 'X' | 1995 | ||
| Portugal | António Ramalho Eanes | 17th President | 'X' | 1978 | |
| Jorge Sampaio | former president | 'X' | 2004 | ||
| Romania | Emil Constantinescu | former President | 'X' | 1999 | |
| South Africa | Nelson Mandela | former President | 'X' | 1998 | |
| Spain | Cristina | Princess | 'X' | 1995 | |
| Elena | Princess | 'X' | 1995 | ||
| Felipe | Crown Prince | 'X' | 1995 | ||
| Juan Carlos I | King | 'X' | 1982 | ||
| Sofía | Queen | 'X' | 1982 | ||
| Sweden | Carl XVI Gustaf | King | 'X' | 1974 | |
| Carl Philip | Prince | 'X' | 2005 | ||
| Christina | Princess | 'X' | 1992 | ||
| Désirée | Princess | 'X' | 1992 | ||
| Lilian | Princess | 'X' | 1992 | ||
| Madeleine | Princess | 'X' | 2005 | ||
| Silvia | Queen | 'X' | 1982 | ||
| Victoria | Crown Princess | 'X' | 1995 | ||
| Thailand | Bhumibol Adulyadej | King | 'X' | 1960 | |
| Sirikit | Queen | 'X' | 1965 | ||
| United Kingdom | Andrew | Prince | 'X' | 1988 | |
| Charles | Crown Prince | 'X' | 1978 | ||
| Edward | Prince | 'X' | 1988 | ||
| Elizabeth II | Queen | 'X' | 1955 | ||
| Philip | Prince Consort | 'X' | 1952 | ||
| Richard | Prince | 'X' | 1973 |
External links
★ Official website on the order (Norwegian)
★ Unofficial website on The Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav (In English with translations to French, Italian, Portuguese, German, Spanish, Dutch, Russian, Chinese and Japanese)
★ The Collection of Henrik Revens Website features orders and medals of Norway as well as other Nordic countries.
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