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In medicine, 'systemic inflammatory response syndrome' ('SIRS') is an inflammatory state of the whole body (the "system") without a proven source of infection. It is a serious medical condition.

Contents

Definition of SIRS

Difference between SIRS and sepsis

Complications of SIRS

Causes of SIRS

Relation to cytokine storm

See also

References

Textbooks

External link

Definition of SIRS

Criteria for SIRS were agreed in 1992.^[1] SIRS can be diagnosed when two or more of the following are presentIrwin RS, Cerra FB, Rippe JM. Irwin and Rippe's Intensive Care Medicine. 5th Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Hagerstown, MD. 2003. ISBN 0-7817-1425-7. Publisher's information on the book.Marino PL. The ICU Book. 2nd Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Hagerstown, MD. 1998. ISBN 0-683-05565-8. Publisher's information on the book.^[2]Tslotou AG, Sakorafas GH, Anagnostopoulos G, Bramis J. Septic shock; current pathogenetic concepts from a clinical perspective. Med Sci Monit. 2005 Mar;11(3):RA76-85. PMID 15735579. Full Text.:

★ Heart rate > 90 beats per minute

★ Body temperature < 36 or > 38°C

★ Tachypnea (high respiratory rate) > 20 breaths per minute or, on blood gas, a P_aCO₂ < 4.3 kPa (32 mm Hg)

★ White blood cell count < 4000 cells/mm³ or > 12000 cells/mm³ (< 4 x 10⁹ or > 12 x 10⁹ cells/L), or the presence of greater than 10% immature neutrophils.

Difference between SIRS and sepsis

SIRS with a suspected or proven infection is called sepsis.
Simply stated:
:''SIRS + infection = sepsis''

Complications of SIRS

SIRS can result in the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Causes of SIRS

★ Severe trauma

★ Surgery, complication of

★ Burns

★ Acute pancreatitis

★ Immunodeficiency (such as AIDS^[3])

Relation to cytokine storm

SIRS can be considered to be a subset of ''cytokine storm'', a general term (not commonly used in clinical medicine) for cytokine dysregulation.

See also

★ Sepsis

★ Shock

★ Septic shock

References

1. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference: definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis, , , , Crit. Care Med., 1992
2. Sharma S, Steven M. Septic Shock. eMedicine.com, URL: http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic2101.htm Accessed on Nov 20, 2005.
3. Santhanam S, Tolan RW. Sepsis. eMedicine.com, URL: http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic3033.htm Accessed on Mar 12, 2006.

Textbooks

★ Intensive Care Medicine by Irwin and Rippe

★ The ICU Book by Marino

★ Cecil Textbook of Medicine

★ The Oxford Textbook of Medicine

★ Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

External link

★ Bacteremia and Septic Shock (Merck Manual) - explains the usage of the terms ''bacteremia'', ''septic shock'', ''sepsis'' and ''septicemia''.