SOCIEDADE ESPORTIVA PALMEIRAS

'Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras', usually called 'Palmeiras', is a Brazilian football team from São Paulo, Brazil, founded on August 26, 1914, as 'Società Sportiva Palestra Italia', but changed to the current name on September 14, 1942. It is one of the most popular and traditional Brazilian clubs.

History

Foundation and name

Palmeiras was founded by Luigi Cervo, Vicenzo Ragognetti, Luigi Emanuele Marzo and Ezequiel Simone, four Italian men who were members of the Italian-speaking community of São Paulo and was initially named ''Società Sportiva Palestra Italia''. Its original colors were red, white and green (those of Italy). The name change occurred during World War II. Brazil entered the war supporting the allies and its dictatorship forced Palestra Italia to change its name because of the reference to Italy. The original badge (a white ornamental "P" in a shield) is still present in the current one and the club has used red as a third colour (mostly in friendship games during the club's 75th anniversary).
Several other clubs whose names alluded to enemy foreign countries either disappeared (like Germania) or were renamed during the same period. Another Brazilian club that was once also called ''Palestra Italia'' is Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. However Palmeiras was the original Palestra Italia, since it was founded about a decade before Cruzeiro.

Champion of The Century

In its history, the club has won 21 championships of the State of São Paulo and 5 Rio-São Paulo Tournament, but the most important titles have been 6 national league titles ( 4 Campeonato Brasileiros and 2 Torneios Roberto Gomes Pedrosa), 4 national cups (1 Brazil Cup, 2 Taças Brasil and 1 Brazilian Champion's Cup), 1 Libertadores Cup, 1 Mercosur Cup and the 1951 Copa Rio . Palmeiras is recognised as one of Brazil's most victorious clubs. In 1999, the Club was claimed by Federação Paulista de Futebol 'Champion of The 20th Century' in Brazil.

First World Champion Club

On March 9, 2007, FIFA recognized the S.E. Palmeiras as the first world champion for winning the 1951 Copa Rio.

Ups and downs

The club has had a rather irregular history alternating between periods of intense success and failure. In the 1960s and early 1970s, for instance, the club collected honours, played several times the Libertadores Cup and won the Campeonato Brasileiro twice (1972/73). Then it faced more than fifteen years without winning anything important until, in 1992, the club signed with Italian group Parmalat a sponsorship deal that lasted for eight years and made it into Brazil's the richest club. During the Parmalat era, started in 1992, Palmeiras won the Brazilian Championship twice (1993/94), the Brazilian Cup (1998), the Mercosur Cup (1998) and the Libertadores Cup (1999).

Libertadores Cup Winners

Famous coach Luiz Felipe Scolari led the team to one of the club's most important titles: The 1999 Libertadores Cup. The final match was against Deportivo Cali from Colombia. Important players from that team were World Cup winner goalkeeper Marcos, as well as Alex de Souza, Evair, Paulo Nunes and Cesar Sampaio.
Palmeiras is the Brazilian club with the most participations in Copa Libertadores (13), winning it once (1999) and reaching the finals three times (1961, 1968 and 2000).

Current Years

Parmalat sponsorship ended in 2000 and left the club in dire straits. After a mildly irregular season in 2001 — the biggest achievement was a Libertadores Cup semifinal against Boca Juniors— the club faced its worst year ever in 2002 and was relegated to the Second Division, which it won in the following year, returning to the First Division in 2004. Ever since its comeback, the club has been on the rise. The 2004 and 2005 seasons were rather successful when the team qualified for the Libertadores Cup, but 2006 season was not good since the team finished the Campeonato Brasileiro in the 16th position (one position above going to the second division).

Honours

Palmeiras flag

International Competitions

FIFA Club World Cup Champions

★ Club World Cup 1951: Copa Rio (FIFA verified on March 9, 2007)

Continental Championships

★ Libertadores Cup: 1999

★ Mercosur Cup: 1998

International Tournaments

★ Firenze Cup (Italy): 1963

★ Ramon de Carranza (Spain): 1969, 1974, 1975

★ Euro-America Cup: 1991, 1996

★ Nagoya Cup: 1994

★ Brazil-Italy Cup: 1994

★ Brazil-Japan Cup: 1967

★ Naranja Cup (Spain): 1995

★ Lev Yashin Tournament: 1994

★ Italian Imigration Cup: 1975

★ Mar del Plata Cup: 1972

★ João Havelange Cup: 1966

National Competitions

★ Campeonato Brasileiro First Division: 1972, 1973, 1993, 1994

★ Torneio Roberto Gomes Pedrosa: 1967, 1969

★ Brazilian Cup: 1998

★ Taça Brasil: 1960, 1967

★ Champions' Cup: 2000

★ Rio-São Paulo Tournament: 1933, 1951, 1965, 1993, 2000

★ Rio-São Paulo Champions Cup: 1926, 1934, 1942, 1947

★ Torneio Maria Quitéria: 1997

★ Campeonato Brasileiro Second Division: 2003

Regional Competitions

★ Campeonato Paulista: 1920, 1926, 1927, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1940, 1942, 1944, 1947, 1950, 1959, 1963, 1966, 1972, 1974, 1976, 1993, 1994, 1996 (21 times)

★ Campeonato Paulista Extra: 1926, 1938 (2 times)

★ Taça dos Invictos (The Invincibles Cup): 1933/1934, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1989

Youth competitions

★ Super Copa São Paulo de Juniores: 1995

★ Torneo Internazionale Under 19 Bellinzona (Switzerland): 2007

Stadium

Main articles: Estádio Parque Antártica

Estádio Parque Antártica

Palmeiras plays at the Palestra Itália stadium (also nicknamed ''Parque Antártica'' because the area was a park built by Antarctica Paulista Company in the beginning of the last century). The venue has seats for 35,000. Local derbies against São Paulo or Corinthians, however, are usually played in São Paulo's Morumbi stadium. The club has recently signed a deal with a local electricity company, ''AES Eletropaulo'', to improve its lighting system.

Club colors

They play in green shirts, white shorts and green socks. Palmeiras first jersey was all white with a red and white cross symbol (The Savoia Cross).. Palmeiras have played in blue shirts twice, in tribute to the Italian National Team.

Supporters

★ According to Placar magazine,^[1] Palmeiras has one of the four largest supporting bases in Brazil, with fans in all Brazilian states.

★ The club's official mascot is a green parakeet. However, during the mid-80's, fans of Palmeiras' rival Corinthians, would refer to the team as "Pig," and soon after, other teams would follow. Although the parakeet is the official mascot, fans will refer to and yell: "PORCO!" (Pig) enthusiastically during matches, as the pig became their better known mascot.

★ The 2002 relegation was the worst moment in the club's history, but attendances were high throughout 2003 in the second division.

★ Traditionally, Palmeiras is a club supported by the Italian descendants. Nowadays, however, the club is supported by people from all origins.

★ Palmeiras biggest ultras are ''Mancha Alvi-Verde'' and ''Acadêmicos da Savóia''. There are other smaller ultras, such as: ''Porks Alviverde'', ''Porco Espinho'', ''Núcleo 1914'', and ''TUP'' (which is the oldest ultra, but is suffering of lack of membership).

Rivals

Palmeiras' biggest rival is Corinthians. This rivalry is considered one of the most intense in the world. Palmeiras vs Corinthians matches are known as ''the Derby''. Another strong rivalry is against São Paulo FC, known as ''Choque Rei'' (''King's Crash'').
SC Internacional and São Paulo FC are the only clubs that have collected more wins than defeats against SE Palmeiras.

Palmeiras B team

Palmeiras has a "B" team that plays the third division of the Paulista Championship (Série A3).

Cultural references

Palmeiras was featured heavily in the film O Casamento de Romeu e Julieta as the rivalry between Palmeiras and Corinthians played a major role in the film's plot.

Current Squad

''(captain)''

Technical staff

★ 'Caio Júnior' – Head Coach

★ 'Júlio Cesar Camargo' – Assistant Coach

★ 'Antonio Carlos Pracidelli ' – Goalkeeping Coach

★ 'José Omar Alves Feitosa', 'Anselmo Sbragia' – Fitness Coaches

★ 'Rubens Sampaio', – Club Doctor

★ 'José Rosan Júnior', 'Paulo Zogab' – Physiotherapists

★ 'Sérgio Luz', 'Miguel de Oliveira', 'Luiz Carlos' – Masseurs

B Team

Transfers

In

★ Rodrigão ''from'' Al-Hilal

★ Luiz Henrique ''from'' São Caetano

★ Deyvid ''from'' Guarani

★ Paulo Sérgio ''from'' São Caetano

★ Makelele ''from'' Santo André

★ Pierre ''from'' Paraná

★ Edmílson ''from'' Paraná

★ Alex Afonso ''from'' Guarani Loan return

★ Osmar ''from'' Oita Trinita

★ Martinez ''from'' Cruzeiro

★ Leandro ''from'' Cruzeiro

★ Cristiano ''from'' Malutrom Loan

★ Alemão ''from'' Kyoto Purple Sanga

Out

★ Juninho Paulista ''to'' Flamengo

★ Enílton ''to'' Omiya Ardija

★ Sérgio Released

★ Roger ''to'' São Paulo Loan return

★ Márcio Careca ''to'' Nova Iguaçu

★ Washington ''to'' Sport Loan

★ Marcinho ''to'' Cruzeiro

★ Marcinho Guerreiro ''to'' Metalurg Donetsk

★ Rosembrick ''to'' Sport Loan

★ Chiquinho ''to'' Internacional Loan return

★ Claudecir ''to'' Noroeste

★ Lúcio ''to'' Grêmio Loan

★ André Cunha ''to'' Ponte Preta Loan

★ Daniel ''to'' São Caetano Loan

★ Cristian ''to'' Náutico Loan

★ Deola ''to'' Juventus-SP Loan

★ Helder ''to'' Ceará Loan

★ Marcel ''to'' Náutico Loan

★ Gabriel Santos ''to'' Ponte Preta

★ Thiago Matias ''to'' Santo André Loan

★ Leonardo Silva ''to'' Portuguesa Loan

★ Reinaldo ''to'' Grêmio Barueri Loan

★ Thiago Gomes ''to'' América-RN Loan

★ Cláudio ''to'' Juventude Loan

★ Roger Bernardo ''to'' Juventude Loan

★ Florentín Released

★ Michael ''to'' FC Dynamo Kyiv

★ Marquinho ''to'' Botafogo

★ Cristiano ''to'' Goiás

★ Marcelo Costa ''to'' Juventude Loan

★ Alex Afonso ''to'' Marília Loan

Historic players

★ Ademir da Guia: considered to be one of Palmeiras' greatest players of all time.

★ Alex: currently in Fenerbahçe

★ Antônio Carlos

★ Francisco Arce

★ Luis Artime

★ Cafu: currently in AC Milan.

★ César Sampaio

★ César Maluco

★ Cléber

★ Chinesinho

★ Djalma Santos: 2 times World Cup Winner

★ Djalminha

★ Dudu

★ Juan Raul Echevarrieta

★ Edílson

★ Edmundo: nicknamed O Animal (The Animal). He is currently one of the club's main players.

★ Émerson Leão: goalkeeper for more than a decade. Works currently as a coach.

★ Euller

★ Evair: nicknamed O Matador (The Killer). Among his titles are the 1993/94 Brazilian Serie A Championships and the 1999 Libertadores Cup

★ Faustino Asprilla

★ Galeano

★ Carlos Gamarra: Currently in Olimpia Asunción.

★ Gaúcho

★ Gérson Caçapa : Palmeiras giant played 203 matches between 1985 - 1989 before transferred to Italian side Bari.

★ Heitor: The club's all-time top scorer.

★ Jaïr: 1951 Copa Rio champion

★ Jorge Mendonça

★ Jorge Valdivia

★ Julinho

★ Juninho Paulista: World Cup winner - 2002

★ Júnior: currently in São Paulo FC

★ Leivinha

★ Luizão

★ Luis Pereira

★ Marcos: The Saint.

★ Mazinho

★ Mazola (José Altafini): famous striker. The first player to play 2 FIFA World Cup for 2 different squads, Brazil and Italy

★ Müller

★ Oberdan: famous goalkeeper.

★ Oséas

★ Paulo Nunes

★ Rincón

★ Rivaldo: FIFA Best Player of the Year in 1999. In Palmeiras won 2 Paulista League and 1 Brazilian League.

★ Roberto Carlos: currently in Fenerbache.

★ Roque Júnior: currently in Bayer Leverkusen.

★ Sérgio

★ Tupãzinho

★ Vágner Love: currently playing for CSKA.

★ Valdir

★ Vavá: 2 times World Cup final matches scorer. A soccer legend.

★ Velloso

★ Zetti: now a coach from Paraná Clube

★ Zinho

Famous coaches

★ Luiz Felipe Scolari

★ Vanderlei Luxemburgo

★ Osvaldo Brandão

★ Filpo Nuñez

★ Telê Santana

★ Mario Travaglini

★ Rubens Minelli

★ Jair Picerni

★ Aymoré Moreira

★ Dudu

★ Nelsinho Baptista

★ Émerson Leão

★ Tite

Famous matches

★ Palestra Italia 2-0 Savoia — 1915

★ Palestra Italia 11-0 Internacional — 1920

★ Palestra Italia 8-0 Corinthians — 1933 Campeonato Paulista Match

★ Palmeiras 2-2 Juventus — 1951 Copa Rio Final Match

★ Palmeiras 6-7 Santos — 1957 Campeonato Paulista Season Match

★ Palmeiras 2-1 Santos — 1959 Paulista Super League Final Match

★ Palmeiras 2-1 Barcelona — 1969 Friendly Match

★ Palmeiras 2-0 Real Madrid — 1969 Ramón de Carranza Final Match

★ Palmeiras 1-0 Corinthians — 1974 Campeonato Paulista Final Match

★ Palmeiras 3-1 Real Madrid — 1975 Ramón de Carranza Final Match

★ Palmeiras 2-2 Santos — 1983 Campeonato Paulista Season Match

★ Palmeiras 2-0 São Paulo — 1993 Campeonato Paulista Semi Finals

★ Palmeiras 4-0 Corinthians — 1993 Campeonato Paulista Final Match

★ Palmeiras 3-2 São Paulo — 1994 Campeonato Paulista Match

★ Palmeiras 6-1 Boca Juniors — 1994 Libertadores Cup

★ Palmeiras 3-1 Corinthians — 1994 Brazilian Serie A Final Match

★ Palmeiras 5-1 Grêmio — 1995 Libertadores Cup Match

★ Palmeiras 6-1 Borussia Dortmund — 1996 Euro-America Cup finals

★ Palmeiras 6-0 Santos — 1996 Campeonato Paulista Regular Season Match

★ Palmeiras 2-0 Cruzeiro — 1998 Brazil Cup Final Match

★ Palmeiras 4-2 Flamengo — 1999 Brazil Cup Quarterfinal Match

★ Palmeiras 4-2 Vasco da Gama — 1999 Libertadores Cup Quarter-Finals

★ Palmeiras 3-0 River Plate — 1999 Libertadores Cup

★ Palmeiras 2-1 Deportivo Cali — 1999 Libertadores Cup Final Match

★ Palmeiras 7-3 Cruzeiro — 1999 Mercosur Cup

★ Palmeiras 0-1 Manchester United — 1999 Intercontinental Cup Final Match

★ Palmeiras 4-0 Vasco da Gama — 2000 Torneio Rio - São Paulo Finals

★ Palmeiras 3-1 Peñarol — 2000 Libertadores Cup

★ Palmeiras 3-2 Corinthians (Penalties shootouts: 5-4) — 2000 Libertadores Cup

★ Palmeiras 0-0 Boca Juniors — 2000 Libertadores Cup Final Match

★ Palmeiras 3-3 Cruzeiro — 2001 Libertadores Cup

Presidents

★ Ezequiel Simone (1914)

★ Augusto Vaccaro (1915)

★ Leonardo Pareto (1915)

★ Ludovico Bacchiani (1916)

★ Guido Farti (1917)

★ Dulio Frugoli (1918)

★ Valentino Sola (1918)

★ Menotti Falchi (1919-1920)

★ David Pichetti (1921-1922)

★ Francisco De Vivo (1923-1924)

★ Giuseppe Perrone (1925-1927)

★ Eduardo Matarazzo (1928-1931)

★ Dante Delmanto (1932-1934)

★ Raphael Parisi (1934-1938)

★ Ítalo Adami (1939-1940)

★ João Minervino (1939-1940)

★ Enrico de Martino (1939-1940)

★ Ítalo Adami (1941-1944)

★ Francisco Patti (1945-1946)

★ Higino Pellegrini (1947-1948)

★ Ferrúcio Sandoli (1949-1950)

★ Mário Frugiuelle (1951-1952)

★ Paschoal Walter Byron Giuliano (1953-1954)

★ Mário Beni (1955-1958)

★ Delfino Facchina (1959-1970)

★ Paschoal Walter Byron Giuliano (1971-1976)

★ Jordão Bruno Sacomani (1977-1978)

★ Brício Pompeu Toledo (1977-1978)

★ Delfino Facchina (1979-1980)

★ Brício Pompeu Toledo (1981-1982)

★ Paschoal Walter Byron Giuliano (1983-1984)

★ Nélson Tadini Duque (1985-1988)

★ Carlos Bernardo Facchina Nunes (1989-1992)

★ Mustafá Contursi (1993-2005)

★ Afonso Della Monica (2005-Today)

The anthem

Antônio Sergi is the creator of both the anthem's music and lyrics.

Top Scorers

These are Palmeiras's top scorers since its foundation:
(The data are accurate as of 12th May 2006)

#	Name	Goals	Years
1	Heitor	284	1916-1931
2	César Maluco	180	1967-1974
3	Ademir da Guia	153	1962-1977
4	Lima	149	1938-1954
5	Servílio	140	1963-1968
6	Evair	127	1991-1994 and 1999
7	Humberto	126	1953-1958 and 1960-1961
8	Rodrigues	125	1950-1955
9	Luizinho	123	1935-1941
10	Tupãzinho	122	1963-1968

Other sports

Palmeiras has tradition in sports, such as rink hockey and basketball. Leandro Barbosa and Oscar Schmidt, two of the best Brazilian basketball players of all time, started their careers at Palmeiras.

References

1. RSSSF

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