'Sioux Falls' (
IPA: [su fɑlz]) is the largest city in the
U.S. state of
South Dakota, and the
county seat of
Minnehaha County. The 2007 city population is 150,000. As of the
Census Bureau's July 1, 2006 population estimates, Sioux Falls ranks as the 166th largest U.S. city by population.
[1] Sioux Falls is the primary city of a
metropolitan area of 223,000. Chartered in 1856 on the banks of the
Big Sioux River, the city is situated on the
prairie of the
Great Plains at the junction of
I-90 and
I-29. Sioux Falls is a regional center of urban and rural interaction.
History
Main articles: History of Sioux Falls, South Dakota
The history of Sioux Falls revolves around the cascades of the
Big Sioux River. The falls were created about 14,000 years ago during the last
ice age.The lure of the falls has been a powerful influence. A prehistoric people who inhabited the region before 500 B.C. left numerous
burial mounds on the high bluffs near the river. These people were followed by an agricultural society that built fortified villages on many of the same sites. Tribes of the
Lakota and
Dakota, widely ranging nomadic bison hunters, arrived sometime around the 18th century.
The first documented visit was by Philander Prescott, an explorer, trader, and trapper who camped overnight at the falls in December 1832. Captain
James Allen led a military expedition out of Fort Des Moines in 1844. The early descriptions of the falls were published in The States and Territories of the Great West, an 1856 book by Jacob Ferris which inspired townsite developers to seek out the falls.
Two separate groups, the Dakota Land Company of
St. Paul and the Western Town Company of
Dubuque,
Iowa organized in 1856 to claim the land around the falls, considering a promising townsite for its beauty and water power. Each laid out 320-acre claims, but worked together for mutual protection. They built a temporary barricade of turf which they dubbed "Fort Sod," in response to hostilities threatened by native tribes. Seventeen men then spent "the first winter" in Sioux Falls. The following year the population grew to near 40.
Although conflicts in
Minnehaha County between
Native Americans and white
settlers were few, the
Dakota War of 1862 engulfed nearby southwestern
Minnesota. The town was evacuated in August of that year when two local
settlers were killed as a result of the conflict. The
settlers and
soldiers stationed here traveled to
Yankton in late August 1862. The abandoned townsite was pillaged and burned.
Fort Dakota, a military reservation established in present day downtown, was established in May of 1865. Many former settlers gradually returned and a new wave of settlers arrived in the following years. The population grew to 593 by 1873, and a building boom was underway in that year.The Village of Sioux Falls, consisting of 1,200 acres, was incorporated in 1876 and was granted a city charter by the Dakota Territorial legislature on March 3, 1883.
The arrival of the
railroads ushered in the great Dakota Boom decade of the 1880s. The population of Sioux Falls mushroomed from 2,164 in 1880 to 10,167 at the close of the decade. The growth transformed the city. A severe plague of grasshoppers and a national depression halted the boom by the early 1890s. The city grew by only 89 people from 1890 to 1900.
But prosperity eventually returned with the opening of the John Morrell meat packing plant in 1909, the establishment of an airbase and a military radio and communications training school in 1942, and the completion of the interstate highways in the early 1960s. Much of the growth in the first part of the 20th century was fueled by the agriculturally-based industry, such as the Morrell plant and the nearby stockyards (one of the largest in the nation).
In 1981, to take advantage of recently relaxed state
usury laws,
Citibank decided to relocate its primary credit card center from
New York to Sioux Falls. Many claim that this event was the primary impetus for the increased population and job growth rates that Sioux Falls has experienced over the past quarter century. Others point out that Citibank's relocation was only part of a more general transformation of the city's economy from an industrially-based one to an economy centered on health care, finance and retail trade.
[1]
Sioux Falls has grown at a rapid pace since the late 1970s, with the city's population increasing from 81,000 in 1980 to a present estimate of around 150,000.
Accolades
★ In 1992, a healthy economy, low unemployment, and a low crime rate led to Sioux Falls being named "the best place to live in America" by
Money Magazine.
[2]
★ In 2006,
Men's Health Magazine ranked Sioux Falls as the 93rd Angriest City in the Nation, out of 100 cities studied in the survey.
[3]
★ In 2007,
Allstate awarded Sioux Falls with the Allstate Safety Leadership Award in recognition of the safe drivers of the area, with Sioux Falls residents averaging an accident once every 13.7 years.
[4]
★ Also in 2007, Street & Smith's Sports Business Journal ranked Sioux Falls the 9th Best City for Minor League Sports, In it's ranking of Minor League Markets.
.
[5]
Law and Government
2006 Mayor & City Council| 'Mayor' | Dave Munson |
| 'Southeast' | Gerald Beninga |
| 'Southwest' | Bob Jamison |
| 'Northeast' | Kevin Kavanaugh |
| 'Northwest' | Robert (Bob) Litz |
| 'Central' | Kermit Staggers |
| 'At-large' | Vernon Brown |
| 'At-large' | J. Pat Costello |
| 'At-large' | De Knudson |
★ 'City Government'
★
★ The city of Sioux Falls is led by a
mayor-council (strong mayor) form of government. Mayoral elections occur every four years. City council seats are also contested every four years. However, not all of the council members are elected in the same year, as the council elections are staggered throughout even-numbered years. The council consists of five members elected to represent specific sections of the city, and three additional seats which represent the city as a whole (that is,
at-large). Sioux Falls operates under a
home rule arrangement with the state of South Dakota.
[ 2006 Action Plan Draft ]
City Hall
★ 'Crime'
★
★ The per-capita general violent crime rate in Sioux Falls is roughly half the United States average.
[ Sioux Falls Crime Statistics ]Mayor
Dave Munson is a member of the
Mayors Against Illegal Guns Coalition[6], a
bi-partisan group with a stated goal of "making the public safer by getting illegal guns off the streets."
★ 'Politics'
★
★ Like much of eastern South Dakota, the Sioux Falls area leans
Republican in presidential elections, but is more moderate than the state as a whole. In the
2004 presidential election, for instance,
George W. Bush won both Minnehaha and Lincoln counties, receiving 56% and 65% of the vote, respectively.
[ 2004 Presidential Election Data Graphs - South Dakota ] However,
Democratic congressional candidates have won Minnehaha county in many recent
U.S. House and
senate elections.
Geography
★ Sioux Falls is located at 43°32'11" North, 96°43'54" West (43.536285, -96.731780).
★ According to the
United States Census Bureau, as of 2000, the city had a total area of 145.9
km² (56.3
mi²). 145.9 km² (56.3 mi²) of it is land and 0.1 km² (0.04 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 0.04% water.
★ Sioux Falls has been assigned the
ZIP codes 57101, 57103-57110, 57117-57118, 57188-57189 and 57192-57198 and the
FIPS place code 59020.
★ Sioux Falls is located in the extreme eastern part of
South Dakota, about 15 miles west of the
Minnesota border and 8 miles northwest of the
Iowa border.
Metropolitan Area
Falls Park
The Sioux Falls
Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of four counties, all of which are located in South Dakota:
Lincoln,
McCook,
Minnehaha, and
Turner.
[http://www.census.gov/population/estimates/metro-city/List4.txt] The estimated population of this MSA in 2005 was 207,000, an increase of over 10% from the 2000 census
[ Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2005 ] According to recent estimates, Lincoln County is the ninth-fastest growing county (by percentage) in the United States.
[ http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2004-09.html] In addition to Sioux Falls, several cities and towns included in the metropolitan area are
Brandon,
Dell Rapids,
Tea,
Harrisburg,
Lennox,
Hartford, and
Baltic.
Parks and Recreation
Sioux Falls maintains numerous parks that are spread throughout the city. Probably the best known of these is Falls Park, established around the city's namesake waterfalls on the Big Sioux River, just north of downtown. Other notable parks include Terrace Park, McKennan Park, Sherman Park, and Yankton Trail park. A popular feature of the park system among locals is a paved 14-mile path used for biking, jogging and walking. The path follows the course of the Big Sioux River, forming a loop around central Sioux Falls.
Climate
Due to its inland location, Sioux Falls experiences a
humid continental climate, which is characterized by hot, relatively humid summers and cold, drier winters. The average high temperature for the warmest month, July, is 86°F(30°C) while the average low for January, the coldest month, is 5°F(-15°C). The highest temperature ever recorded in the city was 110°F(43°C) in
1936, and the lowest was -42°F(-41°C)in
1899.
[7] Winters receive an average snowfall of 39.6in.(100cm).
Economy
Major Employers[ Sioux Falls Economy ]| 'Organization' | 'Employees' |
| Sanford Health | 5,379 |
| Avera McKennan Hospital | 3,449 |
| John Morrell & Co. | 3,301 |
| Citigroup, Inc. | 3,200 |
| Sioux Falls School Dist. | 3,000 |
Originally centered on quarrying and agriculturally-based industries, the economy of Sioux Falls has become greatly diversified and more service-based over the last half-century, making the city an important location for
financial services,
health care, and
retail trade.
Partially due to the lack of a state corporate income tax, Sioux Falls is the home of a number of financial companies. The largest employer among these, and fourth largest employer overall, is Citigroup. Other important financial service companies located here include Great Western Bank, Total Card Inc., BankFirst, Capital Card Services,
HSBC, PREMIER Bankcard, and
Wells Fargo.
Sioux Falls is a major regional health care center. There are four major hospitals in Sioux Falls:
Sanford Health, the largest employer in the city,
Avera McKennan Hospital, the second largest employer, as well as the South Dakota Veterans Hospital and the Avera Heart Hospital of South Dakota. Sioux Falls is also the site of several mail-order pharmacy centers.
Because of the relatively long distances between Sioux Falls and larger cities, Sioux Falls has emerged as an important regional center of shopping and dining. The Empire Mall, with 180 stores, anchors one of the primary retail zones in the southwest section of the city. This area, centered mainly around the intersection of 41st Street and Louise Avenue, contains many large national chain stores and restaurants. Downtown Sioux Falls is another important retail zone, offering more small, independent shops and restaurants than the Empire Mall area.
While no longer as economically dominant as it once was, the
manufacturing and
food processing sector remains an important component of the economy of Sioux Falls. The John Morrell meat packing plant is the third largest employer in the city. Other important manufacturing companies include Raven Industries,
Hutchinson Technology,
Tyco, and Gage Bros., which produces stone and building materials.
Demographics
Households
According to the 2000
census, there were 123,975 people, 49,731 households, and 30,783 families residing in the city. Currently the city is home to 144,900 persons with 66,778 households, and 44,242 families. The
population density is 849.9/km² (2,201.4/mi²). There are 51,680 housing units at an average density of 354.3/km² (917.7/mi²).
Of the 49,731 households, 32.1% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.4% are
married couples living together, 10.0% have a female householder with no husband present, and 38.1% are non-families. 29.8% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.9% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.40 and the average family size is 3.00.
Distribution
The racial makeup of the city is 91.90%
White, 1.80%
African American, 2.12%
Native American, 1.19%
Asian, 0.05%
Pacific Islander, 1.23% from
other races, and 1.71% from two or more races. 2.49% of the population are
Hispanic or
Latino of any race.
In the city the population is spread out with 25.2% under the age of 18, 11.8% from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 19.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 33 years. For every 100 females there are 97.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 94.4 males.
Income
The median income for a household in 1999 in the city is $41,221; in 2003 HUD reported Minnehaha County had a median household income of $45,872, while Lincoln County had a median household income of $59,571. The median income for a family was $51,516 in 1999; in 2005 HUD reported that amount as $56,150. Males have a median income of $32,216 versus $24,861 for females. The
per capita income for the city is $21,374. 8.4% of the population and 5.6% of families are below the
poverty line. Out of the total population, 10.3% of those under the age of 18 and 7.4% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
Religion
The Catholic Diocese of Sioux Falls, one of the two dioceses in the state, has its cathedral on Duluth Avenue. St. Joseph's Cathedral is the largest church in South Dakota and one of the largest cathedrals in the United States. Sioux Falls is also the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of South Dakota. The
Episcopal Calvary Cathedral is the mother church for South Dakota Episcopalians.
The city's population is predominantly
Protestant and the majority of the religious centers are Protestant churches, even though no single denomination outnumbers the Catholic residents.
Education
Augustana College's mascot with the administration building, East hall, and Old Main visible in the background
Higher Education
Sioux Falls is home to
Augustana College,
University of Sioux Falls,
Kilian Community College,
Southeast Technical Institute,
National American University,
Colorado Technical University, the
South Dakota School for the Deaf, Great Plains Baptist College,
Minnesota School of Business,
Sioux Falls Seminary,
Sanford School of Medicine,
Stewart School and the
South Dakota Public Universities and Research Center (formerly known as
USDSU).
Primary and Secondary Education
The
Sioux Falls School District serves over 20,000 students living in Sioux Falls; there are five high schools (Joe Foss, O'Gorman,
Lincoln,
Roosevelt, and
Washington) (9-12), five middle schools (6-8), and 25 elementary schools (K-5). Because of sprawl, districts around Sioux Falls continue to grow at dramatic rates.
Brandon Valley,
Baltic,
Harrisburg,
Tea, Tri-Valley, and West-Central Districts serve many metro-area students.
Public Schools
There are 25 public elementary schools in Sioux Falls:
All-City at Jane Addams,
Laura B. Anderson,
Challenge Center,
Cleveland,
Discovery,
Harvey Dunn,
FIC at Jane Addams,
Eugene Field A+,
Robert Frost,
Garfield,
John Harris,
Hawthorne,
Hayward,
Oscar Howe,
Jefferson,
John F. Kennedy,
Longfellow,
Lowell,
Horace Mann,
Terry Redlin,
Renberg,
Rosa Parks,
Anne Sullivan,
Mark Twain, and
Laura Wilder.
There are 5 public middle schools:
Axtell Park Middle School,
Edison Middle School,
Memorial Middle School,
Patrick Henry Middle School, and
Whittier Middle School.
There are 4 public high schools:
Lincoln High School,
Roosevelt High School,
Washington High School, and
Joe Foss School.
Private Schools
Sioux Falls Catholic Schools is a centralized Catholic school system that includes eight schools: six elementary schools, all PreK-6 (St. Mary, St. Lambert, St. Joseph Cathedral, St. Michael-St. Katharine Drexel, Holy Spirit and Christ the King); one junior high (O'Gorman Junior High, grades 7-8); and one high school, O'Gorman (9-12). Both the junior and senior high are on the same
O'Gorman High School campus. Approximately 2800 students attend Sioux Falls Catholic Schools. Other private schools include Sioux Falls Christian Schools, Christian Center Elementary School, Cornerstone School and Sioux Falls Lutheran Schools.
Events
Downtown Sioux Falls plays host to an art walk every summer. The exhibits change yearly and most often reflect historical significance and progressive standards for the city.
'Festival of Bands' - A Regional Band Festival in Sioux Falls that hosts over 30 bands each year. The Parade is in Downtown Sioux Falls, Preliminaries are now held at Sanford Health Stadium at 69th and Cliff, and Field Finals are held at Howard Wood Field south of the Airport. This year the date is October 6th, 2007.
Lifelight Music festival is a free, three day Christian music festival that boasts over 100,000 attendants
Arts and Culture
During the past decade, Sioux Falls experienced a renaissance of cultural interest. With a plethora of white collar jobs finding a place in the area, Sioux Falls' leaders saw a need for more arts and culture in the region. Several building projects excited change from a city with little culture, almost no theatre, and very little art, to an area with high attendance of theatre and arts events.
The
Sioux Falls Jazz and Blues Festival, JazzFest, has become a summer favorite in Sioux Falls and the region. JazzFest is a two-day outdoor musical event featuring two stages and is free to the public. The event is held the third weekend in July at Yankton Trail Park in Sioux Falls.
[8]
Washington Pavilion of Arts and Science
Landmarks
The
Washington Pavilion of Arts and Science contains the Kirby Science Discover Center, as well as two performing arts centers which play host to several broadway productions and operas. The South Dakota Symphony's home also hosts dance groups as well as smaller theater and choral events. The Visual Arts Center, also part of the Pavilion complex, hosts six galleries of changing exhibits, all free of charge. The Wells Fargo Cinedome is a multiformat 60ft dome theater which plays several different films per month.
The Great Plains Zoo & Delbridge Museum provides the area with natural history and animal exhibits in its 50 acre park. The Delbridge Museum is one of the most comprehensive selection of dioramas and mounted animals in the world.
The memorial to the World War II battleship
USS ''South Dakota''. It is Located on highway 42 (W. 12th St.) and Kiwanis Ave.
The
114th Fighter Wing, located at Joe Foss Field. The 114th houses F-16C/D fighter aircraft. This unit is well known for its support of community activities and services.
One of the few replicas of
Michaelangelo's
Statue of David is located near the downtown area.
Transportation
Roads
Most residents of Sioux Falls travel and commute by car.
Interstate 90 passes east to west across the northern edge of the city, while
Interstate 29 bisects the western portion of the city from the north and south.
Interstate 229 forms a partial
loop around central Sioux Falls, and connects with Interstate 90 to the east and Interstate 29 to the south. A
grid design system for city streets is the standard for the central (older) area of the city, while newer residential areas have largely abandoned this plan. Due to current and expected regional growth, several large construction projects have been or will be undertaken. New exits have recently been added to Interstates 229 and 29, and these two roads have been in the process of expanding by two, and in some sections four, lanes. Over the next few decades, the city plans to construct a
limited-access highway around the outer edges of the city to the west, south, and east known as SD 100.
Mass
Sioux Falls Transit, the local public transit organization, operates 15 bus lines within the city. Recently, the city added new park-and-ride stations. The Sioux Falls Paratransit serves members of the community who would otherwise not be able the travel by providing door to door service.
★
Jefferson Lines runs long-distance bus routes to Sioux Falls, but no
Amtrak passenger trains pass through South Dakota.
Air
Several domestic airlines serve
Sioux Falls Regional Airport, also known as 'Joe Foss Field' (in honor of famed aviator and former Governor
Joe Foss), offering non-stop flight service to a number of major U.S. airport hubs, including
Chicago O'Hare,
Denver International Airport,
Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport,
Cincinnati-Northern Kentucky International Airport,
Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport,
Salt Lake City Airport,
Orlando Sanford International Airport,
Las Vegas' McCarran International Airport, and starting October 25th, Phoenix's
Williams Gateway Airport.
Sports
Championships
Sioux Falls has a rich history in playoff and championship sports teams.
★ The Sioux Falls Skyforce made the playoffs 9 times, winning the CBA Championship during the 1995-96 season, and later during the 2004-05 season. They currently play in the NBADL (the minor league of the NBA).
★ The Sioux Falls Canaries made the playoffs once, during the 2001 season then in the Northern League, since 2006 they have played in the American Association.
★ The Sioux Falls Storm who currently play in the UIF, have won three consecutive championships in 2005, 2006, and 2007, and have won 38 straight games, the longest winning streak in professional sports history.
★ The Storm are also the only arena football team to ever post a shutout, beating the Peoria Roughriders 72-0 in 2006.
★ The Sioux Falls Stampede won the United States Hockey League's Clark Cup during the 2006-07 season.
Special Events
Sioux Falls has also had its share of special sporting events. Sioux Falls Stadium played host to the 2007 American Association All-Star Game. Sioux Falls Arena has hosted the Continental Basketball Association All-Star Game 3 Times, in 1996, 2000 and 2003. It also hosted the D-League Showcase in early 2007. In 2009 and 2010, Sioux Falls Arena will host Summit League Basketball Championships.
Sister Cities
In accordance with Sister Cities International, an organization that began under President Dwight Eisenhower in 1956, Sioux Falls has been given three international sister cities in an attempt to foster cross-cultural understanding:
Media
Newspaper
★
Sioux Falls Argus Leader (Daily)
★ Treats and Eats Restaurant and Entertainment Guide (semi-annual)
★ Sioux Falls Business Journal (Weekly)
★ Link (Weekly)
★ Sioux Falls Shopping News (Weekly)
★ City Style (Monthly)
★ PetMag (Monthly)
★ ETC, For Her (Monthly)
★ Prime (Monthly)
Television Stations
KUSD 2 / KCSD 23 (PBS/SDPB) - KELO 11 / KDLO 3 / KPLO 6 (CBS)(MNTV/Sportsman on DT2) - KSFY 13 / KABY 9 / KPRY 4 (ABC) - KTTW 17 / KTTM 12 (FOX) - KCPO-LP 26 (IND) - KWSD 36 (The CW) - KAUN-LP 42 (ION) - KDLT 46 / KDLV 5 (NBC) - K56GF 56 (TBN)
Radio Stations
Notable natives
★
Joe Foss -
World War II "ace of aces" fighter pilot hero, first Commissioner of the
American Football League (which later became the AFC of the current
NFL), and 20th governor of South Dakota
★
Michael E. Fossum - astronaut
★
Channing Tatum - model/actor
★
January Jones - actress
★
Mary Hart - entertainer, ''
Entertainment Tonight''
★
Pat O'Brien - entertainer, ''
Access Hollywood'', model/actor
★
Mike Martz - former coach of the
St. Louis Rams (now offensive coordinator for the
Detroit Lions) and architect of the "greatest show on turf" was born in Sioux Falls.
★
David Soul - actor, "
Starsky & Hutch" and recording artist "Don't Give Up On Us"
★ Nick Thomas - lead singer of
The Spill Canvas
Current Residents
★ James H. Starkey -Award Winning
Lakota Artist (Northern Plains Tribal Arts), Award Winning Filmmaker(Riding With Ghosts-American Indian Genocide Museum Best Documentary 2006, Best Feature Length Documentary,
Montreal First Peoples' Festival 2007)
★
Alexis LeVan -
Miss South Dakota USA 2006 (and numerous other
Miss South Dakota USAs)
★ Dave Dedrick - Long-time host of the children's television show, "Captain 11."
★ Kevin Kaesviharn - Current
New Orleans Saints strong safety resides in Sioux Falls during the offseason with his family.
★ Neil Graff- Former NFL Quarterback with the
New England Patriots,
Pittsburgh Steelers,
Minnesota Vikings,
Seattle Seahawks, and
Green Bay Packers
Points of interest
★ Falls Park
★
The Children's Theatre Company of Sioux Falls
★
Downtown Sioux Falls
★
The Great Plains Zoo & Delbridge Museum
★
The Outdoor Campus
★
Sertoma Butterfly House
★
Washington Pavillion
★
South Dakota Symphony
★
Sioux Falls Arena
★
Great Bear Recreation Park
★
Thunder Road
★
Wild Water West
★
Old Courthouse Museum
★
Pettigrew Home and Museum
★
Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science
Additional Images
Notes
1. Hetland, Cara. ''Sioux Falls 25 years after Citibank's arrival.'' [2] Minnesota Public Radio. 24 February 2006. (accessed 23 March, 2007)
2. Hawkins, Yvonne. "VIEWPOINT: We shouldn't treat accolades as ho-hum news" [3](www.siouxfallsbusinessjournal.com
3. How Angry Is Your City?
4. 3rd Annual "Allstate America's Best Drivers Reportâ„¢"
5. Rounding out the top 10 markets"
6. Mayors Against Illegal Guns: Coalition Members
7. [http://www.weather.com
8. www.jazzfestsiouxfalls.com
External links
★
City of Sioux Falls government website
★
Sioux Falls Transit information
★
Sioux Falls Area Chamber of Commerce
★
Sioux Falls Convention and Visitors Bureau
★
Sioux Falls Development Foundation
★
Sioux Falls Events
★
Sioux Falls Families Website - Family oriented activities, events and links
★
Sioux Falls Airport
★
Sioux Falls School District
★
Sioux Falls Argus Leader - the city's daily newspaper
★
SiouxReview.com - local events calendar
★
Sioux Falls Rentals
★
KWSD-TV CW Affiliate
★
KELOLAND-TV CBS Affiliate
★
KSFY-TV ABC Affiliate
★
KDLT-TV NBC Affiliate
★
Roosevelt High School Girls Basketball Team
★
Greetings from Sioux Falls - A look at the history of Sioux Falls through postcards
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