
Map of the Shenandoah Valley

A view across the Shenandoah Valley

A poultry farm with the Blue Ridge Mountains in background

A farm in the fertile Shenandoah Valley
The 'Shenandoah Valley' region of western
Virginia, from
Winchester to
Staunton, is bounded by the
Blue Ridge Mountains to the east and the
Appalachian and
Allegheny Plateaus to the west. It is located within the
Ridge and Valley Region.
Geography
Harrisonburg, a moderately sized city,
Waynesboro, and
Front Royal, smaller cities, are located in the Valley. The region includes the eastern panhandle of
West Virginia and the cities of
Martinsburg and
Harpers Ferry. Down the center of the Shenandoah Valley runs the
Massanutten Mountain range, encompassing Powell's Fort Valley in
Shenandoah County.
Geologically, the Shenandoah Valley reaches as far as
Roanoke; however, it and
Lexington are not in the
Shenandoah River basin, which reaches somewhat south of Staunton. From north to south, the Shenandoah Valley encompasses two counties in West Virginia:
Berkeley County and
Jefferson County; and seven counties in Virginia:
Frederick County,
Clarke County,
Warren County,
Shenandoah County,
Page County,
Rockingham County, and
Augusta County.
History
The word ''Shenandoah'' was derived from a
Native American expression for "Beautiful Daughter of the Stars." The
Valley Pike (or Valley Turnpike) began as a
migratory trail for tribes such as the
Delaware and
Catawba and became the major thoroughfare of
wagons and in time, motor vehicles. By the
20th century, the Valley Turnpike was a
toll road, eventually being acquired by the
Commonwealth of Virginia and becoming
U.S. Highway 11. For much of the length, the newer
Interstate 81 parallels the old Valley Pike.
The Shenandoah Valley is a productive agricultural region. Despite the great promise of the rich farmland of the Valley, the
Blue Ridge Mountains, crossed by Governor
Alexander Spotswood's legendary
Knights of the Golden Horseshoe Expedition at
Swift Run Gap in
1716, were a major obstacle to colonial expansion from the east. Instead, the Valley was first settled by
German and then by
Scots-Irish immigrants from
Pennsylvania in the
1730s. The former were known as "Shenandoah
Deitsch". Both stocks came south into the Valley from the
Potomac River, in contrast to the largely English settlement of the Virginia
Tidewater and
Piedmont regions.
The Shenandoah Valley was a major site of battles in the
American Civil War, and it is also the location of the Shenandoah Valley
American Viticultural Area.
See also
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Christendom College
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Great Appalachian Valley
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Luray Caverns
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Natural Bridge (Virginia)
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Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign
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Valley Campaigns of 1864
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Frontier Culture Museum of Virginia
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Eastern Mennonite University
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James Madison University
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Shenandoah University
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Bridgewater College
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Mary Baldwin College
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Valley Baseball League
External links
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Shenandoah Valley - Official State Tourism Website
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Shenandoah Valley Magazine
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Shenandoah Valley Technology Council
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Shenandoah At War, the Shenandoah Valley Battlefields Foundation
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CivilWarTraveler.com - Virginia's Valley and Mountains
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Valley Conservation Council