The 'Shanghai Metro' (上海轨道交通) is an urban
rapid transit system that serves the city of
Shanghai by transporting around 1.8 million passengers each day. The system incorporates both subways (地铁) and elevated light railways (轻轨). As new metro lines are opened, passenger volumes are expected to rise significantly. It is the third city in
China to build a subway system after
Beijing and
Tianjin and as of 2006 operates more lines than any other subway system in
mainland China. One of the world's newest, most rapidly expanding subway systems, the Shanghai Metro operates five lines, and has four more new lines under construction, along with extensions to the lines currently in operation. Three of the new lines will open in late 2007, along with the final four stations needed to complete the Line 4 loop of the city core
[1].
Lines
Shanghai Metro Lines
★ '
Line 1',Identify color:
Red,32.358 km long, runs from
Xinzhuang via
Shanghai Railway Station to
Gongfu Xincun.
★ '
Line 2',Identify color:
Green,25.4 km long, runs from
Songhong Road to
Zhangjiang.
★ '
Line 3', Identify color:
Yellow,40.3 km long, runs from
North Jiangyang Road to
Shanghai South Railway Station.
★ '
Line 4', Identify color:
Purple,27 km long, overlaps with Line 3 on about half of its run. The non-overlapping Line 4 section opened in January 2006, and when the remaining section opens in in late 2007, it will form a complete circular line.
★ '
Line 5', (yellow with red color),17.2 km long, runs from
Xinzhuang to the
Minhang Development Zone.
Interchange
The following are interchange stations:
★
Xinzhuang between '
Line 1' and '
Line 5'
★
Shanghai South Railway Station between '
Line 1' and '
Line 3'
★
Shanghai Indoor Stadium between '
Line 1' and '
Line 4'
★
People's Square between '
Line 1' and '
Line 2'
★
Zhongshan Park between '
Line 2', '
Line 3' and '
Line 4'
★ Hongqiao Road, Yan'an Road (West), Jinshajiang Road, Zhenping Road, Zhongtan Road, Shanghai Railway Station and Baoshan Road are shared between '
Line 3' and '
Line 4'
★
Shiji Avenue (formerly Dongfang Road) between '
Line 2' and '
Line 4'
Though Yishan Road of Line 3 and Line 4 share a name, they are not one stop and interchanging is not yet possible.
Though Shanghai Railway Station of Line 1 and Line 3/4 share a name , they are not one stop(line 1's located at south square, while line3/4's located at north square) and interchanging is not yet possible. But if you want to transfer between these two stations, you can exiting and re-entering the pay area via a passenger tunnel.
Passengers enter a station
Ticket system
Like many metro systems in the world, the fares on the Shanghai Subway are distance based. As of September 15, 2005, when the Shanghai government raised them, fares ranged from 3 yuan (approx USD $0.375) for journeys under 6km, to 8 yuan for journeys over 46km.
As of December 25, 2005, Shanghai uses a "one ticket network", which means free interchange between all lines without purchase of another ticket. However, as of May 2007, you will still need two tickets to interchange between between lines 1 and 3 in Shanghai Railway Station.
Fares
(1) For most lines, the base fare is 3
yuan for journeys under 6km, then 1 yuan for each additional 10 km. As of Aug,2007, the highest fare is 9 yuan.
(2) For journeys exclusively on
Line 5 (From Xinzhuang To Minhang Development Zone), the fare is 2 yuan for journeys under 6 km and all other journeys are 3 yuan (the total length of this line being 16 km).
(3) There will be a 10% discount for the rest of the calendar month if you use
Shanghai Public Transportation Card and your fare reaches 70 yuan in a month.
Single tickets
Single journey tickets can be purchased from ticket vending machines or at a ticket window. The new stations on
Line 4 and Line 2 West extension part only use ticket vending machines. Ticket vending machines accepts coins and notes/bills.
Transit Card
Main articles: Shanghai Public Transportation Card
Apart from the single ticket, payment for the journey can be made by buying a
Shanghai Public Transportation Card. This contactless card can be bought for a refundable fee of 30 yuan at convenience stores and metro stations. There are also special edition cards for a non-refundable 20 yuan. Only some stations can refund the card fee (
Jiangsu Road on
Line 2 for example). This card can be recharged at ticket booths situated at the metro stations as well as many small convenience shops throughout the city. The Shanghai Public Transportation Card can also be used to pay for other forms of transportation, such as taxi or bus.
This transit card is similar to the
Chicago card of the
CTA, the
SmarTrip of the
Washington Metro, and the
Octopus card of
Hong Kong's
MTR .
Stations of note
A platform of a station
Shanghai light rail transit station
The busiest station in the Shanghai metro system is
People's Square station ('
Line 1','
Line 2'). As the transfer station for the north-south '
Line 1' and the east-west '
Line 2', it is extremely crowded during peak hours. It remains busy during the rest of the day, as it is located near major shopping and tourist destinations such as
Nanjing Road (E.) Pedestrian Street as well as the Shanghai Museum, People's Park, the
Shanghai Grand Theatre and Yan'an Park on
People's Square.
Xujiahui station ('
Line 1') is located in the major
Xujiahui commercial center of Shanghai. Six large
shopping malls and eight large office towers are each within a three-minute walk of one of the station's fourteen exits, the largest number of exits of any Shanghai Subway station.
Lujiazui station ('
Line 2') is the major stop in Pudong area. It is situated in the heart of Lujiazui financial district, the developing financial center of Shanghai. The city's new symbol, the
Oriental Pearl TV Tower, is within walking distance of the station, as is the
Jin Mao Tower, the tallest building in mainland China. Compared to Xujiahui and People's Square, Lujiazui is not particularly busy during off-peak hours or at weekends as it is used primarily by those who commute to the district for work.
Shanghai Railway Station ('
Line 1','
Line 3' and '
Line 4') is a major transportation hub in Shanghai, containing the railway station, two subway lines and the stop for many city bus lines as well as interprovincial buses. These bus lines will soon be housed in a brand new bus station currently under construction behind the train station. The Station of Line 1 is at south square, while the station of Line 3 and Line 4 is in the north square. These two stations are despearted. So this isn't a interchange station between Line 1 and Line 3,Line 4, but a same-stop interchange station of Line 3 and Line 4
Zhongshan Park station ('
Line 2','
Line 3' and '
Line 4'): The most line interchanged station.
Shiji Avenue station ('
Line 2' and '
Line 4'): The largest interchange station.
Retail
Passengers in a station
Nearly every Shanghai subway station houses
retailing of some kind. Many are small kiosks selling a variety of
telephony products such as telephone calling cards,
mobile phone SIM cards, or new
telephones. There are also newsstands, with some stations having as many as three competing vendors. Snack shops have become popular, along with bookstores.
Criticism
The system is marred by aggressive passengers who exacerbate the already crowded rush hour conditions. To deal with congestion and passenger safety,
platform screen doors are being fitted to platforms.
Transfers are inconvenient compared to urban transport systems elsewhere. For example, stations that share the same name on different lines are often hundreds of meters apart. Transferring between different lines frequently requires walking through numerous tunnels.
In many stations, the retail section would appear to dominate the station concourse. The
Xujiahui station houses three restaurants, a sushi establishment, a salon, a shoe store, a bookstore, a teahouse, an art dealer, more than twenty trinket shops no larger than 2 m² each and a 500 meter long underground shopping arcade with dozens of stores, mostly selling women's and girls' clothing and shoes. The result can be disorientating for casual visitors attempting to access the platforms. The only other stations with such a shopping selection are Shanghai Railway station (in the transfer corridor) and the Milan Plaza arcade in Zhongshan Park station.
The Metro operators have responded to some criticism. For example, in the People's Square station, the transfer corridor between two lines has been stripped of retail space and shortened to deal with congestion and reduce the hassle of commuters.
Technology
Inside a train
In contrast to many other metro systems in the world, the Shanghai metro uses
overhead wires for the power supply, probably due to its use of a 1500 volt system which is twice the voltage generally used for
third rails. Standard gauge is used throughout the network, allowing new metro equipment to be transported over the Chinese rail network which uses the same gauge.
Plasma screens on the platforms show passengers when the next two trains are coming (usually one every five minutes or less), along with advertisements and public service announcements. The subway cars contain
LCD screens showing advertisements and on some lines, the next stop, while above-ground trains have
LED screens showing the next stop. There are recorded messages stating the next stop in Mandarin and English, but the messages stating nearby attractions/shops for a given stop (a form of paid advertising) are in Mandarin only.
Accessibility facilities for the disabled are available at all stations. Sliding
acrylic glass safety doors exist on platforms on the newest Line 4. These open as the train approaches and remain closed at other times. These screens are also being retrofitted on existing lines, starting with Line 1 whose core stations had doors by the end of 2006.
Cars used by the Metro system:
★ 60
Bombardier Movia 456 6 car sets - Line 1 and 5
★ 37
German Shanghai Metro Group (GSMG) 6 cars units - Line 1 and 2
★ 28
Alstom Megapolis six-car sets - Line 3
★ 168
Alstom Metropolis (six car sets)
★ 152
Alstom Metropolis (six car set)
Operators
Two companies operate the Shanghai Metro network.
★ 'Shanghai Metro Operation Co., Ltd.' manages
Line 1,
Line 2,
Line 3 and
Line 4.
★ 'Shanghai Modern Rail Transit Co., Ltd.' manages
Line 5.
Future
Several lines are either under construction or planned to be constructed in the near or distant future. After the completion of these lines, a uniform numbering system will be put in place.
Under construction
★ '
Line 1', 2nd phase of North extension from Gongfu Xincun to Fujin Lu. Will be open in the end of 2007.
★ '
Line 2', West extension from Songhong Rd to Hongqiao Airport, will be open at the same time as Hong Qiao Traffic Hub.
★ '
Line 4', The opening of the section from Damuqiao to Lancun Lu was delayed by a collapse in 2003. The section, with the four remaining stations needed to complete the loop of the city core, will open in end of 2007
.
★ '
Line 5', South extension from Dongchuan Road to Jinshan Chemistry Industrial Zone; First phase, which extends to Fengxian.
★ '
Line 6', 28.8 km long, will run in
Pudong from Jiyang Lu to Gangcheng Lu. Will open in 2007
[2].
★ '
Line 7', 35km long, will run from Chentai Lu to Longyang Lu and cross the Expo 2010 zone. Projected to open in 2009.
★ '
Line 8', 22.6 km long. 1st Phase (Shiguang Lu to Xizang Nan Lu) and 2nd Phase (Xizang Nan Lu to Yao Hua Lu) both will open in 2007.
,while Yaohua Lu to Chengshan Lu will open in 2008.
★ '
Line 8', south extension from Chengshan Lu to Pujiang Expo Land.
★ '
Line 9', First phase 35 km long, 2nd phase 26km long, will run from Songjiang New City to
Chongming Island, first phase will reach Guilin Road first in 2007, reach Yishan Rd. in 2008, 2nd phase will reach Minsheng Road in Pudong, then the 3rd phase will extend to Dongjing Rd near A20 Road, 4th phase will extend to Chongming Island. 1st phase will open in 2007
, 2nd phase is scheduled for 2009.
★ '
Line 10' with Line A and Line B, Line A called "Main Line", From Hong Qiao Railway Station which located in west of Hong Qiao Airport to New Jiangwan City,Line B called "Branch Line", From Hangzhong Lu to New Jiangwan City, join Line A at Longxi Lu. 2nd phase is from New Jiangwan City to Gangchen Lu, which can interchange Line 6. The first phase (Hongqiao/Hangzhong Lu to New Jiangwan City) will be open in 2009.
★ '
Line 11' 120km long, with a A line and a B line. The A line is called "Main Line", from Jiading New City to Sanlin, then to Lingang New City in Nanhui near East Sea Bridge. Line B is called "Branch Line", from Anting Automobile City and Shanghai International Circuit to the northwest of A line and then join Line A at Jia Ding New City Station. The line north of Jiangsu Road will open in 2009.
Planned Lines
★ '
Line 1', 3rd phase and follow project of north extension from Fujin Lu to the final terminal-
Chongming Island.
★ '
Line 2',West extension from Songhonglu to Qingpu and have a transfer or interchange with Suzhou Lightrail. It will run via Hongqiao Airport and planned Hongqiao Railway Station. Planned to be open at 2015.
★ '
Line 2',East extension from Zhangjiang via Planned Chuansha Railway Station, Planned Disneyland, Pudong Airport to Planned Pudong Railway Station. No timetable is given, but is supposed to be open before 2010.
★ '
Line 5',2nd phase of south extension from Fengxian to Jinshan.
★ '
Line 7',North extension to
Luodian. No timetable is given.
★ '
Line 10',East north extension from New Jiangwan City to Waigaoqiao.
★ '
Line 12' 33.6km long, From Hongmei Lu to Jinhai Lu with a west extension to Gudai Lu Zhongchun Lu and an east extension to Caolu. Hongmei Lu to Jinghai Lu part planned open at 2012.
★ '
Line 13' 29.8km long, From Fengzhuang in Jiading to Huaxia Xi Lu in Pudong. Planned to open in 2012.
★ Line 14: Planned name is M6, from West 2nd Avenue in Outer ring road to Jin Qiao.
★ Line 15: Planned name is L1, from West Shanghai Railway Station to South 2nd Avenue of Outer Ring Road.
★ Line 16: Planned name is L2, from Qilianshan Road to Hongkou Park.
★ Line 17: Planned name is L3, from West Shanghai Railway Station to Jungong Road
★ Line 18: Planned name is L5, from West Changjiang Road to Middle Huaxia Road
Planned unified numbering system
Passengers in a station
Glass doors have been installed on subway platforms.
Due to the inconsistency in naming of early lines, plans are underway to rename all lines in a unified system:
★ '
Line 1', Former name Metro Line 1, Planned name R1
★ '
Line 2', Former name Metro Line 2, Planned name R2
★ '
Line 3', Former name Pearl Line, Planned name M3, commonly known as "Light Rail" because it is the first elevated railway.
★ '
Line 4', Former name Pearl Line Phase 2, Planned name M4
★ '
Line 5', Former name Xin Min Line, Planned as part of R1. First surface light rail.
★ '
Line 6', Former name Pudong Light Rail, Planned name L4
★ '
Line 7', Planned name M7
★ '
Line 8', Former name Yangpu Line , Planned name M8
★ '
Line 9', Former name Shengsong Line, Planned name R4
★ '
Line 10', Planned name M1
★ '
Line 11', Planned name R3
★ '
Line 12', Planned name M2
★ '
Line 13', Planned name M5
★ Line 14, Planned name M6
★ Line 15, Planned name L1
★ Line 16, Planned name L2
★ Line 17, Planned name L3
★ Line 18, Planned name L5
R line means it is a subway line that connects the CBD to a suburb.
M line means it is a subway line that runs within the CBD only.
L line means it is a surface light railway line.
See also
★
List of rapid transit systems
★
Shanghai Maglev Train
References
Shanghai Daily[2] Subway taxies toward airport, 2007-7-26
1. Shanghai Daily, [1], Subway expansion shuts major artery, 2007-7-19.
2. Shanghai Daily, Road reaches out to island, 2006-12-28.
External links
★
Shanghai Shentong Metro Company
★
Shanghai Subway Information on UrbanRail.net
★
Shanghai Metro Map and Timetable
★
Glass Doors Installed in Metro
★
Nice Metro map
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