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'Screening', in general, is the investigation of a great number of something (for instance, people) looking for those with a particular problem or feature. One example is at an airport, where many bags get x-rayed to try to detect any which may contain weapons or explosives. People are also screened going through a metal detector. Even though the procedure aims at a large number of screens, it is always equivalent to sampling in statistics, because the complete population is almost always inaccessible for screening.
'Screening' has other, more specific meanings:

★ In color printing, screening refers to a process that represents lighter shades as tiny dots, rather than solid areas, of ink

★ In physics, electric field screening refers to the dampening of an electric field by mobile charges

★ In atomic physics and chemistry, screening effect refers to the observation that electronic properties of atoms are better described if atoms had a lower effective nuclear charge than that would be otherwise expected from the number of protons present.

★ Screening (economics)

★ Screening (medicine)

★ Screening for pharmacological activity during drug discovery

★ Part of the process of Environmental impact assessment.

★ Hampering an opponent's attempts at reconnaissance

★ A type of tactic (sometimes legal, sometimes not) in sport games such as basketball or volleyball

★ Separation of mixtures of particle sizes into more distinct ranges of particle sizes using mesh screens.

★ A ''screening'' can refer to the display of a film in a movie theatre or screening room, for some special purpose such as testing or critical review.