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EspañolROSE BOWL (STADIUM)
(Redirected from Rose Bowl Stadium)
The 'Rose Bowl' is a stadium in the Los Angeles suburb of Pasadena, California. It is the home of the UCLA Bruins college football team from August through December. On New Year's Day, it is the site of the Rose Bowl Game. The stadium is a National Historic Landmark.
The game now known as the Rose Bowl Game was played at Tournament Park until 1922. Organizers or the Tournament of Roses realized that the temporary stands were inadequate for a crowd of 40,000+, and sought to build a better, permanent stadium.
The Rose Bowl was designed by architect Myron Hunt in 1921. His design was influenced by the Yale Bowl (New Haven, Connecticut, built 1914). The Arroyo Seco dry riverbed was selected as the location for the stadium. The Rose Bowl was under construction from 1921 to 1922.
The first game was a regular season contest in 1922 between Cal and USC. The stadium was dedicated on January 1, 1923 when Penn State played USC. Originally built as a horseshoe, the stadium was expanded several times over the years. The southern stands were completed in 1928, making the stadium a complete bowl.
The Rose Bowl Stadium is best known in the United States for its hosting of the Rose Bowl, the most famous college football postseason bowl game. The Rose Bowl Game is commonly referred to as "The Granddaddy of Them All" because of its stature as the oldest of all the bowl games. Since its opening, the Rose Bowl stadium has hosted the bowl game every year except 1942, when the game was moved to the campus of Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. Duke, which played in the game, volunteered to host the contest because of concerns over security in the wake of the attack on Pearl Harbor, and the U.S. entry into World War II.
It has been the home football field for UCLA since 1982. The UCLA Bruins had played their home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum since 1928. In the fall of 1982, with the Oakland Raiders scheduled to move in, UCLA decided to move out, relocating its home games to the Rose Bowl Stadium.[3] UCLA has participated in five Rose Bowl games since moving to the stadium. In 2007, Sports Illustrated named the Rose Bowl stadium the top college sports venue.[4]
The stadium hosts commencement ceremonies for John Muir High School and Pasadena High School. It also hosts the annual football homecoming game, called the Turkey Tussle, between Pasadena High School and John Muir High School, in mid November (either 10, 11, or 12)
Every second Sunday of each month, The Rose Bowl Flea Market takes place on the parking lots.
The facility has hosted the Junior Rose Bowl from 1946-71 and 1976-77. Between 1946-66 and 1976-77, the game pitted the California Junior College football champions vs. The NJCAA football champions for the National Championship. It was organized by the Pasadena Junior Chamber of Commerce.
The Junior Rose Bowl became the Pasadena Bowl football game from 1967-71; it was billed as the Junior Rose Bowl the first two years, but instead two teams for the NCAA College Division competed.
It was also the home ground for the Los Angeles Galaxy of Major League Soccer from the team's inception in 1996 until it moved into the soccer-specific Home Depot Center in 2003; the venue additionally hosted the 1998 MLS Cup.
Local college Caltech played most home games in the Rose Bowl from the time of its construction until they gave up football in 1993. They claimed to play before the most number of empty seats in the nation.[5]
The Rose Bowl Stadium was the venue of Soccer events for the 1984 Summer Olympic Games.
The stadium has hosted the Super Bowl five times. The first being in 1977, Super Bowl XI when the Oakland Raiders beat the Minnesota Vikings 32-14. The game was also played there in 1980 (Super Bowl XIV), 1983 (Super Bowl XVII), 1987 (Super Bowl XXI) and 1993 (Super Bowl XXVII). The Rose Bowl is one of two venues (Stanford Stadium being the other) to host a Super Bowl though having never served as the full-time home stadium for an NFL team. (Stanford Stadium hosted one San Francisco 49ers game after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.)
Perhaps the stadium's most unusual honor is that it is one of two stadiums to have hosted the FIFA World Cup finals for both men and women. The Rose Bowl hosted the men's final in the 1994 FIFA World Cup and the women's final in the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup. The other stadium with this honor is the Råsunda Stadium near Stockholm of Sweden, which hosted the men's final in 1958 and the women's final in 1995. Interestingly, both Rose Bowl finals were scoreless after extra time and decided on penalty shootouts; Brazil defeating Italy in the 1994 men's final, and the United States defeating China in the 1999 women's tournament.
The 1999 women's final was the most-attended women's sports event in history, with an official attendance of 90,185.
The stadium hosted the 2007 Drum Corps International World Championships August 7 through August 11, 2007. The Rose Bowl is the final stadium to host the championship before DCI moved their corporate offices to Indianapolis, Indiana with the championships being held at Lucas Oil Stadium until at least 2018. This was the first time the DCI championships have ever been held west of Denver, Colorado in the 35 year history of DCI.
It hosted auditions for the top American television show, American Idol, on August 8, 2006.
On June 18, 1988 Depeche Mode played their last concert of the Music for the Masses tour at the sold-out Rose Bowl in front of 80,000+ people. The concert was recorded and filmed for the album and documentary movie 101 which was released in 1989.
Like other large municipally-owned, football-oriented stadiums, the Rose Bowl runs on a yearly operational loss.Greg Johnson, $300-million fixer-upper, ''Los Angeles Times'', January 1, 2007. While it generates funds with the annual lease with UCLA ($1.5m), the Tournament of Roses ($900k), and a regularly hosted flea market ($900k), it makes up the loss by relying on funds generated by the adjacent city-owned golf course ($2m).Greg Johnson, $300-million fixer-upper, ''Los Angeles Times'', January 1, 2007. While the stadium is able to keep operating in this financial set-up, it is unable to finance many of the capital improvements it needs to be considered a modern facility, including new seats, wider aisles, additional exits, a wider concourse, a renovated press box, a state-of-the-art video scoreboard, new field lighting, additional suites and a club. The estimated cost for such improvements ranges from $250 million and $300 million.Greg Johnson, $300-million fixer-upper, ''Los Angeles Times'', January 1, 2007.
The stadium currently has long-term leases with its two major tenants, the Tournament of Roses (2019) and UCLA (2023). In 2006, the Rose Bowl and the City of Pasadena launched a $16.3 million capital improvement program that will benefit both UCLA and the Tournament of Roses. There will be new locker rooms for both UCLA and visiting teams, as well as a new media interview area.
Since losing both its local teams in the LA market in 1993, the National Football League had been looking to either start or relocate a franchise to the LA area. One of the strong candidates was a renovated Rose Bowl. However, after many years of varying offers, no deal could be struck between NFL owners and the stadium's owner, the City of Pasadena, following a vote of disapproval by its residents in November 2006.Greg Johnson, $300-million fixer-upper, ''Los Angeles Times'', January 1, 2007.
The stadium seating has been reconfigured several times since its original construction in 1922. The South end was filled in to complete the bowl and more seats have been added. The original wooden benches were replaced by aluminum benches in 1969. For many years, the Rose Bowl had the largest football stadium capacity in the United States, eventually being surpassed by Neyland Stadium in 1996 and Michigan Stadium in 1998.[6][7] The maximum stated seating capacity was 104,594 from 1972 to 1997. Capacity was lowered in 1997 to widen the playing field for soccer and remove lower seats that were blocked by players on the sidelines. Slightly different figures are given for current capacity. UCLA reports the capacity at 91,136. The Tournament of Roses reports the capacity at 92,542. The 2006 Rose Bowl game, which was also the BCS championship game, had a crowd of 93,986.[8]
★ 'Rose Bowl Game record': 1973 Rose Bowl, USC vs. Ohio State, January 1st, 1973, Attendance: 106,869. This is the stadium record, as well as NCAA bowl game record.[9]
★ 'NFL Super Bowl Record:' Super Bowl XIV, Pittsburgh Steelers - Los Angeles Rams, January 20th, 1980, Attendance: 103,985. This is an NFL post-season record.[10]
★ '1984 Summer Olympics' (Games of the XXIII Olympiad) Football (Soccer) Tournament - France defeated Brazil 2-0 Attendance: 101,799
★ 'College football regular season record:' UCLA-USC, November 19, 1988, Undefeated second-ranked USC (9-0) and quarterback Rodney Peete met 9-1, sixth-ranked UCLA and quarterback Troy Aikman with a berth in the Rose Bowl Game on the line. Attendance: 100,741[11]
★ 'Professional soccer record:' June 16, 1996: In an historic doubleheader witnessed by 92,216 fans, the U.S. National Team plays Mexico for the championship of U.S. Cup '96 followed by the conference leaders Los Angeles Galaxy vs. Tampa Bay Mutiny. The crowd was the largest ever to see a U.S. professional soccer league match.
★ 'FIFA Women's World Cup 1999' final on July 10th, 1999 was the most attended women's sports event in history with an official attendance of 90,185.
1. Rose Bowl Stadium - History of the Rose Bowl Stadium
2. National Register Information System
3. UCLA History Project - This Month in History Aug. 18, 1982 … A gridiron home - includes a photograph of the 1983 Rose Bowl game from an overhead shot
4. Top 10 College Sports Venues: Number 1 - Rose Bowl Sports Illustrated. Text: Mallory Rubin. July 13, 2007
5. The Discovery of Anti-Matter: The autobiography of Carl David Anderson, The Youngest Man To Win the Nobel Prize. Published 1999 by World Scientific (ISBN 9810236808)
6. The Michigan Stadium Story
7. University of Michigan Official Athletics site - Michigan Stadium
8. Tournament of Roses Parade FAQs. The Rose Bowl Game is a contractual sellout. In 2006, attendance was 93,986.
9. 2002 NCAA Records book - Attendance Records page 494 (PDF)
10. Showdown in Motown by Gil Brant, Feb. 2, 2006
11. ''UCLA Football - 2007 UCLA Football (Media Guide)''. UCLA Athletic Department (2007), page 149 (PDF copy available at www.uclabruins.com). Note that the UCLA Bruins have played in six Rose Bowl games with larger crowds: 1956, 1976, 1983, 1984, 1986 and 1994.
★ Rose Bowl Stadium
★ Rose Bowl Stadium Information from the Tournament of Roses
★ Rose Bowl Stadium Information from the UCLA Sports Information office
★ 3D model of the stadium for use in Google Earth
The 'Rose Bowl' is a stadium in the Los Angeles suburb of Pasadena, California. It is the home of the UCLA Bruins college football team from August through December. On New Year's Day, it is the site of the Rose Bowl Game. The stadium is a National Historic Landmark.
History
The game now known as the Rose Bowl Game was played at Tournament Park until 1922. Organizers or the Tournament of Roses realized that the temporary stands were inadequate for a crowd of 40,000+, and sought to build a better, permanent stadium.
The Rose Bowl was designed by architect Myron Hunt in 1921. His design was influenced by the Yale Bowl (New Haven, Connecticut, built 1914). The Arroyo Seco dry riverbed was selected as the location for the stadium. The Rose Bowl was under construction from 1921 to 1922.
The first game was a regular season contest in 1922 between Cal and USC. The stadium was dedicated on January 1, 1923 when Penn State played USC. Originally built as a horseshoe, the stadium was expanded several times over the years. The southern stands were completed in 1928, making the stadium a complete bowl.
Usage
Rose Bowl Game
The Rose Bowl Stadium is best known in the United States for its hosting of the Rose Bowl, the most famous college football postseason bowl game. The Rose Bowl Game is commonly referred to as "The Granddaddy of Them All" because of its stature as the oldest of all the bowl games. Since its opening, the Rose Bowl stadium has hosted the bowl game every year except 1942, when the game was moved to the campus of Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. Duke, which played in the game, volunteered to host the contest because of concerns over security in the wake of the attack on Pearl Harbor, and the U.S. entry into World War II.
UCLA Bruins Football home stadium
It has been the home football field for UCLA since 1982. The UCLA Bruins had played their home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum since 1928. In the fall of 1982, with the Oakland Raiders scheduled to move in, UCLA decided to move out, relocating its home games to the Rose Bowl Stadium.[3] UCLA has participated in five Rose Bowl games since moving to the stadium. In 2007, Sports Illustrated named the Rose Bowl stadium the top college sports venue.[4]
Pasadena events
The stadium hosts commencement ceremonies for John Muir High School and Pasadena High School. It also hosts the annual football homecoming game, called the Turkey Tussle, between Pasadena High School and John Muir High School, in mid November (either 10, 11, or 12)
Every second Sunday of each month, The Rose Bowl Flea Market takes place on the parking lots.
Past tenants
The Junior Rose Bowl
The facility has hosted the Junior Rose Bowl from 1946-71 and 1976-77. Between 1946-66 and 1976-77, the game pitted the California Junior College football champions vs. The NJCAA football champions for the National Championship. It was organized by the Pasadena Junior Chamber of Commerce.
The Junior Rose Bowl became the Pasadena Bowl football game from 1967-71; it was billed as the Junior Rose Bowl the first two years, but instead two teams for the NCAA College Division competed.
Los Angeles Galaxy
It was also the home ground for the Los Angeles Galaxy of Major League Soccer from the team's inception in 1996 until it moved into the soccer-specific Home Depot Center in 2003; the venue additionally hosted the 1998 MLS Cup.
Caltech Beaver football home stadium
Local college Caltech played most home games in the Rose Bowl from the time of its construction until they gave up football in 1993. They claimed to play before the most number of empty seats in the nation.[5]
Major Events
1984 Olympics
The Rose Bowl Stadium was the venue of Soccer events for the 1984 Summer Olympic Games.
Super Bowls
The stadium has hosted the Super Bowl five times. The first being in 1977, Super Bowl XI when the Oakland Raiders beat the Minnesota Vikings 32-14. The game was also played there in 1980 (Super Bowl XIV), 1983 (Super Bowl XVII), 1987 (Super Bowl XXI) and 1993 (Super Bowl XXVII). The Rose Bowl is one of two venues (Stanford Stadium being the other) to host a Super Bowl though having never served as the full-time home stadium for an NFL team. (Stanford Stadium hosted one San Francisco 49ers game after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.)
FIFA World Cups
Perhaps the stadium's most unusual honor is that it is one of two stadiums to have hosted the FIFA World Cup finals for both men and women. The Rose Bowl hosted the men's final in the 1994 FIFA World Cup and the women's final in the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup. The other stadium with this honor is the Råsunda Stadium near Stockholm of Sweden, which hosted the men's final in 1958 and the women's final in 1995. Interestingly, both Rose Bowl finals were scoreless after extra time and decided on penalty shootouts; Brazil defeating Italy in the 1994 men's final, and the United States defeating China in the 1999 women's tournament.
The 1999 women's final was the most-attended women's sports event in history, with an official attendance of 90,185.
Other events and usage
The stadium hosted the 2007 Drum Corps International World Championships August 7 through August 11, 2007. The Rose Bowl is the final stadium to host the championship before DCI moved their corporate offices to Indianapolis, Indiana with the championships being held at Lucas Oil Stadium until at least 2018. This was the first time the DCI championships have ever been held west of Denver, Colorado in the 35 year history of DCI.
It hosted auditions for the top American television show, American Idol, on August 8, 2006.
On June 18, 1988 Depeche Mode played their last concert of the Music for the Masses tour at the sold-out Rose Bowl in front of 80,000+ people. The concert was recorded and filmed for the album and documentary movie 101 which was released in 1989.
Present status
Like other large municipally-owned, football-oriented stadiums, the Rose Bowl runs on a yearly operational loss.Greg Johnson, $300-million fixer-upper, ''Los Angeles Times'', January 1, 2007. While it generates funds with the annual lease with UCLA ($1.5m), the Tournament of Roses ($900k), and a regularly hosted flea market ($900k), it makes up the loss by relying on funds generated by the adjacent city-owned golf course ($2m).Greg Johnson, $300-million fixer-upper, ''Los Angeles Times'', January 1, 2007. While the stadium is able to keep operating in this financial set-up, it is unable to finance many of the capital improvements it needs to be considered a modern facility, including new seats, wider aisles, additional exits, a wider concourse, a renovated press box, a state-of-the-art video scoreboard, new field lighting, additional suites and a club. The estimated cost for such improvements ranges from $250 million and $300 million.Greg Johnson, $300-million fixer-upper, ''Los Angeles Times'', January 1, 2007.
The stadium currently has long-term leases with its two major tenants, the Tournament of Roses (2019) and UCLA (2023). In 2006, the Rose Bowl and the City of Pasadena launched a $16.3 million capital improvement program that will benefit both UCLA and the Tournament of Roses. There will be new locker rooms for both UCLA and visiting teams, as well as a new media interview area.
NFL
Since losing both its local teams in the LA market in 1993, the National Football League had been looking to either start or relocate a franchise to the LA area. One of the strong candidates was a renovated Rose Bowl. However, after many years of varying offers, no deal could be struck between NFL owners and the stadium's owner, the City of Pasadena, following a vote of disapproval by its residents in November 2006.Greg Johnson, $300-million fixer-upper, ''Los Angeles Times'', January 1, 2007.
Seating and Attendance records
The stadium seating has been reconfigured several times since its original construction in 1922. The South end was filled in to complete the bowl and more seats have been added. The original wooden benches were replaced by aluminum benches in 1969. For many years, the Rose Bowl had the largest football stadium capacity in the United States, eventually being surpassed by Neyland Stadium in 1996 and Michigan Stadium in 1998.[6][7] The maximum stated seating capacity was 104,594 from 1972 to 1997. Capacity was lowered in 1997 to widen the playing field for soccer and remove lower seats that were blocked by players on the sidelines. Slightly different figures are given for current capacity. UCLA reports the capacity at 91,136. The Tournament of Roses reports the capacity at 92,542. The 2006 Rose Bowl game, which was also the BCS championship game, had a crowd of 93,986.[8]
★ 'Rose Bowl Game record': 1973 Rose Bowl, USC vs. Ohio State, January 1st, 1973, Attendance: 106,869. This is the stadium record, as well as NCAA bowl game record.[9]
★ 'NFL Super Bowl Record:' Super Bowl XIV, Pittsburgh Steelers - Los Angeles Rams, January 20th, 1980, Attendance: 103,985. This is an NFL post-season record.[10]
★ '1984 Summer Olympics' (Games of the XXIII Olympiad) Football (Soccer) Tournament - France defeated Brazil 2-0 Attendance: 101,799
★ 'College football regular season record:' UCLA-USC, November 19, 1988, Undefeated second-ranked USC (9-0) and quarterback Rodney Peete met 9-1, sixth-ranked UCLA and quarterback Troy Aikman with a berth in the Rose Bowl Game on the line. Attendance: 100,741[11]
★ 'Professional soccer record:' June 16, 1996: In an historic doubleheader witnessed by 92,216 fans, the U.S. National Team plays Mexico for the championship of U.S. Cup '96 followed by the conference leaders Los Angeles Galaxy vs. Tampa Bay Mutiny. The crowd was the largest ever to see a U.S. professional soccer league match.
★ 'FIFA Women's World Cup 1999' final on July 10th, 1999 was the most attended women's sports event in history with an official attendance of 90,185.
References
1. Rose Bowl Stadium - History of the Rose Bowl Stadium
2. National Register Information System
3. UCLA History Project - This Month in History Aug. 18, 1982 … A gridiron home - includes a photograph of the 1983 Rose Bowl game from an overhead shot
4. Top 10 College Sports Venues: Number 1 - Rose Bowl Sports Illustrated. Text: Mallory Rubin. July 13, 2007
5. The Discovery of Anti-Matter: The autobiography of Carl David Anderson, The Youngest Man To Win the Nobel Prize. Published 1999 by World Scientific (ISBN 9810236808)
6. The Michigan Stadium Story
7. University of Michigan Official Athletics site - Michigan Stadium
8. Tournament of Roses Parade FAQs. The Rose Bowl Game is a contractual sellout. In 2006, attendance was 93,986.
9. 2002 NCAA Records book - Attendance Records page 494 (PDF)
10. Showdown in Motown by Gil Brant, Feb. 2, 2006
11. ''UCLA Football - 2007 UCLA Football (Media Guide)''. UCLA Athletic Department (2007), page 149 (PDF copy available at www.uclabruins.com). Note that the UCLA Bruins have played in six Rose Bowl games with larger crowds: 1956, 1976, 1983, 1984, 1986 and 1994.
External links
★ Rose Bowl Stadium
★ Rose Bowl Stadium Information from the Tournament of Roses
★ Rose Bowl Stadium Information from the UCLA Sports Information office
★ 3D model of the stadium for use in Google Earth
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