The 'Quintuple Alliance' came into being at the
Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1818, when
France joined the
Quadruple Alliance created by
Russia,
Austria,
Prussia and the
United Kingdom. The European peace settlement concluded at the
Congress of Vienna in
1815.
After Aix-la-Chapelle (now
Aachen), the Alliance powers met three more times: in
1820 at the
Congress of Troppau (
Opava), in
1821 at the
Congress of Laibach (
Ljubljana); and in
1822 at the
Congress of Verona.
While the UK stood largely aloof from the Alliance's illiberal actions, the four Continental monarchies were successful in authorising Austrian military action in
Italy in 1821 and French intervention in
Spain in
1823.
The Alliance is conventionally taken to have become defunct along with the
Holy Alliance of the three original Continental members with the death of Tsar
Alexander I of Russia in
1825.