'Pus' is a whitish-yellow or yellow substance produced during
inflammatory responses of the body that can be found in regions of
pyogenic bacterial
infections. An accumulation of pus in an enclosed tissue space is known as an
abscess. A visible collection of pus within or beneath the
epidermis, on the other hand, is known as a pustule or
pimple. Pus is produced from the dead and living
white blood cells which travel into the intercellular spaces around the affected
cells.
Something that creates pus is called 'suppurative', 'pyogenic', or 'purulent'. If it creates
mucus as well as pus, it is called 'mucopurulent'.
Pus consists of a thin,
protein-rich fluid, known as liquor puris, and dead
neutrophils (white blood cells), which are part of the body's innate
immune response. Neutrophils are produced in the
bone marrow and released into the blood. When the need to fight infection arises, they move to the site of infection by a process known as
chemotaxis, usually triggered by
cytokine release from
macrophages that sense invading organisms. At the site of infection they engulf and kill bacteria. After it has killed a bacterium, the neutrophil dies. These dead cells are then
phagocytosed by macrophages, which break them down further. Pus, therefore, is the viscous material composed of these dead neutrophils.
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of
leukocyte in human
blood, composing anywhere between 40% to 75% of leukocytes.
When seen in a wound or dry skin, pus indicates the area is infected and should be cleaned with
antiseptic.
Despite normally being of a whitish-yellow hue, changes in the color of pus can be observed under certain circumstances. Blue pus is found in certain infections of ''
Pseudomonas aeruginosa'' as a result of the pyocyanin bacterial pigment it produces;
amoebic abscesses of the
liver, meanwhile, produce brownish pus. Pus might have a reddish tint to it after mixing with blood. Pus also can have an odour.
See also
★
Ubi pus, ibi evacua