(Redirected from Princess Anne):''Princess Anne redirects here. For other princesses called Anne, and other meanings of this name, see
Princess Anne (disambiguation).''
'The Princess Anne, Princess Royal' (Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise; born
15 August 1950), is a member of the
British Royal Family and the only daughter of
Elizabeth II. She is the seventh holder of the title
Princess Royal, and is currently ninth in the
line of succession to the British Throne. At the time of her birth, she was third in line, but moved to second place from when her mother became Queen, until the birth of her brother,
The Prince Andrew, in 1960.
The Princess Royal is most famous for her charitable work. She is the only member of the British Royal Family to have competed in the
Olympic Games.
Early life
Princess Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise was born on
15 August 1950 at
Clarence House,
London. Her father is
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, the son of
Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark and the former
Princess Alice of Battenberg. Her mother is
Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom, the eldest daughter of
George VI and
Queen Elizabeth.
She was baptised in the Music Room of
Buckingham Palace on
21 October 1950 by
Cyril Garbett,
Archbishop of York. Her godparents were:
The Earl Mountbatten of Burma,
Andrew Elphinstone,
Queen Elizabeth,
Princess Andrew of Greece and Denmark and
Princess Gottfried of Hohenlohe-Langenburg.
Shortly before the birth of her elder brother,
Charles, Prince of Wales, in 1948, their grandfather King George VI issued
Letters Patent granting the titular dignity of ''Prince or Princess of Great Britain and Northern Ireland'' and the style
''Royal Highness'' to any children born to the Duke and Duchess of Edinburgh. Thus, from birth, Princess Anne was styled ''Her Royal Highness'' 'Princess Anne of Edinburgh'. Had it not been for these letters patent she would have been known as 'Lady Anne Mountbatten' until her mother became Queen in 1952.
Princess Anne was educated in Buckingham Palace and then at
Benenden School, a
public boarding school in
Kent.
The Princess Anne
On
6 February 1952, when Anne's grandfather,
George VI, died, her mother ascended the throne as
Elizabeth II. Anne was now styled ''Her Royal Highness'' 'The Princess Anne'. Given her young age, she did not attend her mother's
coronation. Princess Anne began to undertake royal and official duties as a teenager in the late 1960s.
Anne has always shown a keen interest in horses, and equine pursuits have been an important part of her life. At the age of 21, she won the individual title at the
European Eventing Championship held at Burghley and was voted BBC's
BBC Sports Personality of the Year in
1971. Her daughter
Zara Phillips would win the same award 35 years later, on
10 December 2006. For over five years she competed with the British
eventing team, winning a silver medal in both individual and team disciplines in the
1975 European Eventing Championships held in Germany riding the home-bred
Doublet. The following year she participated in the
1976 Montreal Olympic Games as a member of the British team, riding the Queen's horse
Goodwill. On 5 February 1987, she appeared as a panellist on the 200th edition of the BBC TV panel game ''
A Question of Sport'', becoming the first titled British royal to appear as a contestant on a TV quiz show.
First marriage
On
14 November 1973 Princess Anne married
Mark Phillips, a Lieutenant and later Captain in the
1st Queen's Dragoon Guards at
Westminster Abbey,
London. The marriage was televised around the world with an estimated audience of 100 million. The couple have two children, both of whom, like their mother, were born on the 15th day of a month:
★
Peter Phillips, born
15 November 1977
★
Zara Phillips, born
15 May 1981
As is customary, the Queen is believed to have offered Mark Phillips an
earldom on his wedding day, which he turned down. This may also have been the specific wish of Princess Anne, who wanted to shield future children from the publicity that courtesy titles might bring. They thus became the first grandchildren of a sovereign to carry no title. However, they are not the first children of a princess to carry no title. The children of
Princess Alexandra, the Queen's cousin, who were born in the 1960s, are also untitled.
After their wedding, Princess Anne and Captain Mark Phillips lived at
Gatcombe Park, in
Gloucestershire.
Kidnap attempt
Princess Anne was the target of a failed kidnap attempt on
20 March 1974. To this day, it remains the closest in modern times any individual has come to kidnapping a member of the British Royal Family.
The incident occurred as Princess Anne and Mark Phillips were returning to
Buckingham Palace from a London charity event
[2] on
Pall Mall. Their
Rolls Royce was forced to stop by a
Ford Escort.
[2] The driver of the Escort,
Ian Ball (later judged to be mentally unstable) jumped from his car, firing a gun.
Inspector James Beaton, the Princess's private detective, responded by jumping out to shield the Princess as he tried to disarm Ball. However, his gun jammed and he was shot in the head and chest. The chauffeur, Alex Callender
[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/20/newsid_2524000/2524489.stm] was also shot as he tried to disarm Ball. Journalist Brian McConnell, who was passing by, also tried to intervene and was shot once in the chest. As Ball told the Princess of his kidnapping plan and asked her to get out of the car, she replied "Not bloody likely!" and briefly considered hitting Ball.
[http://www.theage.com.au/news/People/Kidnap-the-Princess-Not-bloody-likely/2005/01/01/1104345033974.html] Eventually, the Princess dived out of the car on the other side. A second passer-by, Ron Russell, punched Ball in the back of the head and led Anne away from the scene.
PC Michael Hills discovered the scene, but was shot by Ball. However he managed to call for backup. A nearby police officer,
DC Peter Edmonds gave chase and finally arrested Ball.
[2]
Ball later pleaded guilty to attempted murder and attempted kidnap and was detained under the Mental Health Act. He was sent to
Broadmoor Hospital, where he remains. Ball planned to ransom the Princess for a sum given in various sources as £2 million
[5] or £3 million
[6] to the
NHS.
[2] The incident prompted higher security levels for the Royal Family. Beaton was awarded the
George Cross. Alex Callender, Brian McConnell, Ron Russell, PC Michael Hills, and DC Peter Edmonds were awarded the
Queen's Gallantry Medal.
[2]
In 2007 Granada Television produced a docu-drama entitled "To Kidnap a Princess" directed by John Alexander which related this incident.
Ian Ball, still in Broadmoor, has placed bizarre advertisements directing readers to
his web site, which offers £1 million to anyone who can prove his theory that the whole incident in fact took place a year later, and formed part of a long-standing and elaborate persecution of Ball by a policeman.
Chancellor of the University of London
In
1981, following the retirement of
The Queen Mother, Anne was elected
Chancellor of the
University of London, following
an election by graduates of the university in which she was chosen above
Jack Jones and
Nelson Mandela.
Princess Royal
On
13 June 1987, the Queen bestowed the title of
Princess Royal on Princess Anne, the seventh creation of this title. Anne was now to be styled 'Her Royal Highness' 'The Princess Royal'. The title is only given to the eldest daughter of the sovereign, the last holder being
George V's daughter,
Princess Mary, Countess of Harewood.
In May 1996, Princess Anne served as
Her Majesty's High Commissioner to the
General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. This role granted her, in Scotland, for the duration, higher precedence just below her parents (''above'' her brothers), and the alternative style of ''Her Grace'' 'Her Majesty's High Commissioner'.
Divorce and remarriage
In August,
1989, the Princess Royal and Mark Phillips announced their intention to separate. The marriage had been under strain for many years. The couple divorced on
21 April 1992. On
12 December 1992, Anne remarried, the first royal divorcée since
Victoria of Edinburgh to do so. She chose to remarry in the
Church of Scotland since the
Church of England forbade divorced persons from remarrying in their churches.
She married
Timothy Laurence in
Crathie Kirk near the
Balmoral Estate,
Aberdeenshire. At the time of their marriage, he was a
Royal Navy commander, and has since risen to the rank of
Vice-Admiral. They have no children together.
In 1994, Princess Anne was created a
Lady of the Garter by The Queen. She also received special dispensation to use the
post-nominal ''KG'', rather than the normal female equivalent of ''LG''.
In 2007, the Princess Royal was given the distinct honour of being installed by The Queen as
Grand Master of the
Royal Victorian Order, succeeding her late grandmother,
Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother.
Charity work
The Princess Royal carries out the most engagements of any member of the Royal Family. This current popularity is in contrast to her previous reputation when she earned the nickname ''Princess Sourpuss''.
The Princess Royal is involved with over 200 charities and organisations in an official capacity. The Princess Royal works extensively for the charity
Save the Children of which she has been president since 1970. The Princess Royal Trust for Carers
[1] was created on her initiative in 1991 - her work for the charity takes her all over the world, including many poverty stricken
African nations. Also her extensive work for
St. John Ambulance as Commandant-in-Chief of St. John Ambulance Cadets has helped to develop many young people as she annually attends the Grand Prior Award Reception. She is also a British representative in the
International Olympic Committee as an administrator, and is a member of the
London Organising Committee for the Olympic Games.
Since 1981, she has served as the chancellor of the
University of London. She has been patron of the
British School of Osteopathy since 1984.
The Princess Royal is also patron of the
Scottish Rugby Union and attends most international games at
Murrayfield. She is patron of the
Wooden Spoon Society, the Charity of British and Irish rugby.
Convictions
In 2001, the Princess Royal became the first member of the royal family to face criminal court charges. She pleaded guilty to driving at 93 mph on a
dual carriageway on her way to
Hartpury College in
Gloucestershire. She was fined £400 by
Cheltenham Magistrates' Court and had five points added to her driving licence.
[9]
In 2002, the Princess Royal was convicted of a second offence under the
Dangerous Dogs Act 1991. She pleaded guilty to the charge that her dog, Dotty, attacked two boys while she and her husband were taking her for a walk in
Windsor Great Park. The Princess Royal was fined £500 by
Berkshire Magistrates' Court and ordered to give Dotty more training
[10]. In December
2003, one of the Queen's
Corgis had to be
put down, after being savaged by another of the Princess Royal's dogs, Florence.
[11]
Titles, styles, honours and arms
Titles
★ '
15 August 1950-
6 February 1952:' ''Her Royal Highness'' Princess Anne of Edinburgh
★ '
6 February 1952-
14 November 1973:' ''Her Royal Highness'' The Princess Anne
★ '
14 November 1973-
13 June 1987:' ''Her Royal Highness'' The Princess Anne, Mrs Mark Phillips
★ '
13 June 1987-:' ''Her Royal Highness'' The Princess Royal
★
★ ''in Scotland: '''May
1996:' ''Her Grace'' Her Majesty's High Commissioner
Styles
The Princess Royal's current full style is ''Her Royal Highness 'The Princess Anne' Elizabeth Alice Louise, 'Princess Royal', Mrs Timothy Laurence, Lady of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, Lady of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, Grand Master of the Royal Victorian Order, Royal Family Order of Queen Elizabeth II, Dame Grand Cross of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, Royal Fellow of the Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, Canadian Forces Decoration, Extra Companion of the Queen's Service Order, Grand Companion of the Order of Logohu, Trinity Cross, Decoration for Honour of Merit, Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the White Rose of Finland, Grand Cordon of the Order of the Precious Crown, Grand Cross of the Order of the House of Orange, Order of the Yugoslav Flag, 1st Class''
Honours
'British Honours'
''The first date listed indicates the date of appointment, and the second, when the appointment became void (usually because of appointment to a higher grade).''
★ 'KG:'
Lady of the Garter, ''
1994''
★ 'LT:'
Lady of the Thistle, ''
2000''
★ 'GCVO:'
Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order, ''
1974''
★
★
Grand Master, ''
2007''
★
Royal Family Order of Queen Elizabeth II, ''
1969''
★ 'DStJ:'
Dame of Justice of St John, ''
1971''
★
★ 'GCStJ:'
Dame Grand Cross of St John, ''
1998''
★ 'FRS:'
Royal Fellow,
Royal Society, ''
1987''
★
Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal, ''
1953''
★
Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal, ''
1977''
★
Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal, ''
2002''
'Commonwealth Honours'
★ 'CD:'
Canadian Forces Decoration, ''
1982''
★ 'QSO:'
Extra Companion, Queen's Service Order, ''
1990''
★ 'GCL:'
Chief Grand Companion, Order of Logohu, ''
29 September 2005[12]''
★ Trinity Cross
'Foreign Honours'
★ Decoration for Honour of Merit, in Gold with Sash, ''
1969''
★ Commander Grand Cross, Order of the White Rose of Finland, ''
1969''
★ Grand Cordon, The Order of the Precious Crown, ''
1971''
★ Grand Cross, Order of the House of Orange, ''
1972''
★ Order of the Yugoslav Flag, 1st Class, ''
1972''
Honorary military appointments
The Princess Anne's arms
Like other senior royals, The Princess Royal holds a number of honorary appointments in the
British Armed Forces and those of several
Commonwealth Realms. In 2002, she made history when she wore a
Royal Navy uniform at the funeral of her grandmother,
Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother. She was the first non-reigning woman, who was also royal, to wear military uniform at a funeral,
She is of the following regiments, corps, and branches:
'British'
★
Colonel-in-Chief, The
King's Royal Hussars
★ Colonel-in-Chief, The
Worcestershire and Sherwood Foresters Regiment (29/45 Foot)
★ Colonel-in-Chief, The
Royal Corps of Signals
★ Colonel-in-Chief, The
Royal Logistic Corps
★ Colonel-in-Chief, The
Royal Army Veterinary Corps
★ Commandant-in-Chief, The
First Aid Nursing Yeomanry (Princess Royal's Volunteer Corps)
★ Colonel,
The Blues and Royals
★ Royal Colonel, The
Royal Scots Borderers, 1st Battalion
Royal Regiment of Scotland
★ Royal Colonel, The
52nd Lowland Regiment, 6th Battalion
Royal Regiment of Scotland
★ Rear Admiral and Chief Commandant for women,
Royal Navy
★ Honorary Air Commodore,
RAF Lyneham
★ Honorary Air Commodore,
University of London Air Squadron
★ Royal Honorary Colonel, University of London
OTC
★
Commodore-in-Chief, Portsmouth
'Commonwealth'
★ Colonel-in-Chief, of
The Grey and Simcoe Foresters
★ Colonel-in-Chief, of the
8th Canadian Hussars (Princess Louise's)
★ Colonel-in-Chief, of the
Communications and Electronics Branch
★ Colonel-in-Chief, of the
Canadian Forces Medical Service[13]
★ Colonel-in-Chief, of
The Royal Regina Rifles[14]
★ Colonel-in-Chief, of
The Royal Newfoundland Regiment
★ Colonel-in-Chief, of the
Royal Australian Corps of Signals
★ Colonel-in-Chief, of the
Royal New Zealand Corps of Signals
★ Colonel-in-Chief, of the
Royal New Zealand Army Nursing Corps
Arms
The Princess' personalized
coat of arms are those of the
Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with a label for difference: ''Quarterly (by quarters):
:'1st' and '4th', Gules three Lions passant guardant in pale Or (England). (The first and fourth quarters display the three lions, representing England.)
:'2nd' quarter is of a lion rampant within a Double Tressure floury counterflory Gules (Scotland). (The second quarter, displays a red lion in a yellow field with a double border coloured red, this represents Scotland.)
:' 3rd', Azure a Harp Or stringed Argent (Ireland). (The third quarter shows a harp against a blue background, this represents Ireland.)
The whole differenced by a Label of three points Argent, first and third with a ''cross gules'', the second with a ''heart gules''.
Ancestry
Saskatchewan visit
On Saturday, June 2, 2007,
Princess Anne travelled to
Saskatchewan, Canada to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Royal Regina Rifles regiment, of which she is Colonel-in-Chief. She also participated in a number of events around
Regina,
Yorkton and
Saltcoats.
Princess Anne attended a demonstration by the Parkland Therapeutic Riding Association in
Yorkton, and took in a celebration of the 125th anniversary of the settlement of the city. At her next stop in
Saltcoats, she visited a care home and the cenotaph, and made an appearance at the town's community hall.
Princess Anne then later returned to Regina for the Freedom of the City Parade, the only event where she spoke publicly. On Sunday, there was a ceremony at the Saskatchewan War Memorial on the legislative building grounds. She also met privately with family members of Saskatchewan soldiers killed in Afghanistan. Later on in the evening, she met with First Nations elders at the Government House, toured the new RCMP Heritage Centre and attended the Saskatchewan Youth Awards presentation and dinner.
References
1. As a titled royal, Anne does not hold, nor ever has held, a surname, but, when required, her maiden name is 'Mountbatten-Windsor'
2. Daily Express, 21 August 2006
3. Daily Express, 21 August 2006
4. Daily Express, 21 August 2006
5. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4139187.stm
6. http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/20/newsid_2524000/2524489.stm
7. Daily Express, 21 August 2006
8. Daily Express, 21 August 2006
9. Princess Anne fined for speeding
10. Princess Royal fined over dog attack
11. Anne's dog kills Queen's corgi
12. 2005 Papua New Guinea visit
13. Canadian Forces Health Services Group, Bulletin November 2003
14. VAC article, 05 June 2004
External links
★
BBC News — Crowds cheer marriage of Princess Anne
★
BBC News — Princess Anne gives birth to Master Phillips
★
BBC News — Princess Royal remarries
★
The family of Elizabeth II illustrated
|- style="text-align: center; background: #cccccc;"
|align="center" colspan="3"|'Awards'
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