'Plastic surgery' is a medical that uses a number of
surgical and nonsurgical techniques to change the appearance and function of a person's body.
[1] Plastic surgery procedures include both cosmetic enhancements as well as functionally reconstructive operations. In the former case, where aesthetics are considered more important than functionality, plastic surgery is sometimes referred to as ''cosmetic surgery''. Most procedures involve both aesthetic and functional elements.
The word "plastic" derives from the Greek ''plastikos'' meaning to mold or to shape; its use here is not connected with the synthetic polymer material known as
plastic. Plastic surgeons typically mold and reshape the following tissues of the body: bone, cartilage, muscle, fat, and skin.
Introduction
The basic goals of Plastic Surgery include the following:
★ correction of disfigurement
★ restoration of impaired function
★ improvement of physical appearance
During Plastic Surgery the following procedures are common:
★ Tissue may be moved to fill a depression, to cover a wound, or to improve appearance.
★ Tissue may be completely removed to alter the contours of a feature.
The benefits of Plastic Surgery include:
★ correction of a congenital or acquired deformity.
★ correction of a perceived physical imperfection.
★ psychological benefits.
History
The history of plastic surgery reaches back to the 700's BCE. Physicians in
ancient India including
Sushruta were utilizing
skin grafts for reconstructive work as early as the
8th century BC. In his work
Sushruta Samhita describes
rhinoplasty and
otoplasty. This knowledge of plastic surgery existed in
India up to the late 18th century as can be seen from the reports published in ''Gentleman's Magazine'' (October 1794).
[2][3]
The
Romans were able to perform simple techniques such as repairing damaged ears from around the
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