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'Pimlico' is a small area of central London in the City of Westminster that is primarily residential and well known for its collection of small hotels.
The area is roughly delimited by Victoria Station to the north and the River Thames to the south, spanned by Vauxhall Bridge, which allows ready access to Vauxhall. The entire district was formerly owned by the Grosvenor family.
The large majority of the buildings in Pimlico are residential and were designed by the architect/builder Thomas Cubitt. A statue of Cubitt can be seen in the area.
Notable residents have included Sir Winston Churchill, Laura Ashley, Swami Vivekananda, Laurence Olivier, Aubrey Beardsley, Joseph Conrad, Alex Salmond and Richard Dadd.

Contents

History

Attractions

Notable residents

In fiction

In Music

In Non-Fiction

Education

Transport and locale

Nearby places

Nearest tube station

See also

External links

Sources

History

In the 16th and 17th centuries, the Manor of Ebury (from which Pimlico's Ebury Street gets its name) was divided up and leased by the Crown to servants or favourites. In 1623, James I sold the freehold of Ebury for £1,151 and 15 shillings (£1,151.75). The land was sold on several more times, until it came into the hands of heiress Mary Davies in 1666.



Mary's dowry not only included "The Five Fields" of modern-day Pimlico and Belgravia, but also most of what is now Mayfair and Knightsbridge. Understandably, she was much pursued, but in 1677 married Sir Thomas Grosvenor. The Grosvenors were a family of Norman descent long seated at Eaton Hall in Cheshire who until this auspicious marriage were but of local consequence in their native county of Cheshire. Through the development and good management of this land the Grosvenors acquired enormous wealth.
At some point in the late 17th or early 18th century, Pimlico ceased to be known as Ebury or "The Five Fields", and gained the name by which it is now known:
: At one time a district of public gardens much frequented on holidays. According to tradition, it received its name from Ben Pimlico, famous for his nut-brown ale, His tea-gardens, however, were near Hoxton, and the road to them was termed Pimlico Path, so that what is now called Pimlico was so named from the popularity of the Hoxton resort. (Rev. E. Cobham Brewer, ''Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable'', 1898 edn.).

The name may also derive from a Spanish word for drink, or even from the Native American Pamlican tribe, as many locals believe. By the 19th century, and as a result of an increase in demand for property in the previously unfashionable West End of London following the Great Plague of London and the Great Fire of London, Pimlico had become ripe for development. In 1825, Thomas Cubitt was contracted by Lord Grosvenor to develop Pimlico.
Cubitt developed Pimlico in the form of a grid, with handsome white stucco terraces (sometimes with mews behind them) and large garden squares.
As early as the latter half of the century, however, Pimlico saw the construction of several Peabody Estates - charitable housing projects designed to provide cheap, quality homes for the poor. In addition, in the post-war period, several large public housing estates were built in the area - on land cleared by German bombing - and many of the fine Victorian houses were converted to other uses, e.g. bed and breakfast hotels. This led to the area developing an interesting social mix, and an unusual character combining exclusive restaurants and residences with Westminster Council run facilities and working-class shopping arcades. In 1950, embarrassed by the slums and brothels with which Pimlico had become associated in the press and criminal courts, the Second Duke of Westminster sold the part of the Grosvenor estate on which it is built.
Now, as in Central London in general, Pimlico property prices are high, and the area is again fashionable. A large number of houses have once again been repurposed, being divided into one or two bedroom apartments intended for young professionals.

Attractions

Pimlico's most famous attraction is the Tate Britain on Millbank. Millbank is a Ward independent of Pimlico. So the Tate is not on Millbank, it is in Millbank but has Pimlico underground station located close by. This is the original Tate Gallery and is home, as the name suggests, primarily to art of specifically British origin. (This rule is frequently broken, however.)
The district's association with fine art has been reinforced by the Chelsea College of Art and Design's recent move to the former Royal Army Medical College next to the Tate. This has also had the happy result of opening up the spacious college quadrangle so that the three extensive and elaborate red brick college blocks can be appreciated (see picture below).
Pimlico is also home, on its boundary with Belgravia, to the National Audit Office, which occupies the former headquarters of Imperial Airways on Buckingham Palace Road as well as the National records of statistics.

Notable residents

★ Laura Ashley, designer - 83 Cambridge Street

★ Aubrey Beardsley, illustrator - 114 Cambridge Street

★ James Crump, founder of St. Aubyn's School, Woodford Green - 86 Cambridge Street

★ Laurence Olivier, actor - 22 Lupus Street

★ Barbara Pym, writer - 108 Cambridge Street

★ Steve Hackett, former Genesis guitarist

★ Wilfred Brambell, actor, star of Steptoe and Son - Denbigh Street

★ Michael Howard, former leader of the Tory party

★ Alex Salmond MP, MSP, First Minister of Scotland
Pimlico is home to Catherine Johnson, the creator of the musical Mamma Mia. The actress Claire Sweeney also resides in the area.

In fiction

In Wilkie Collins' ''Armadale'' (1866), Pimlico is home to the conniving procuress Mother Oldershaw and the sly abortionist Doctor Downward. The address of their shady establishment is given as Diana Street, apparently fictional.
Post-war Pimlico was the setting of the story of the Ealing comedy ''Passport To Pimlico'', as well as of the juvenile detective series ''The Pimlico Boys'' by Paul Dorval, and the online graphic novel ''The House in Pimlico''.
Barbara Pym used St Gabriel's Church, Warwick Square, as her inspiration for St Mary's, an Anglo-Catholic church and the chosen place of worship of Mildred Lathbury, her narrator in ''Excellent Women''. Mildred - unmarried, just over thirty and given to good works, finds herself naturally 'involved or interested in other people's business'. The arrival of exotic neighbours and an elegant widow at the Vicarage brings scope for a carefully observed social comedy.
"I began to wonder what could have brought a naval officer and his wife to this shabby part of London, so very much the 'wrong' side of Victoria Station, so definitely ''not'' Belgravia, for which I had a sentimental affection, but which did not usually attract people who looked like Mrs Napier."
''Excellent Women'' by Barbara Pym (Jonathan Cape, London, 1952)
Maisie Dobbs (the title character of Jacqueline Winspear's mystery series set in post-WWI England) buys a flat in Pimlico in the third book.
Virginia Woolf makes passing reference to Pimlico in her novel ''Mrs Dalloway'', using it to denote the colourful lower-class character of one of the poor people waiting outside Buckingham Palace to glimpse royalty: "[...] The Prince - ah! the Prince! who took wonderfully, they said, after old King Edward, but was ever so much slimmer. The Prince lived at St James's; but he might come along in the morning to visit his mother.
So Sarah Bletchley said with her baby in her arms, tipping her foot up and down as though she were by her own fender in Pimlico[...](28)."

In Music

The Small Faces London base in 1965/1966 was at 22 Westmoreland Terrace where they wrote most of their songs including "Lazy Sunday" {{ Steve Marriott, All Too Beautiful. Helter Skelter Publishing ISBN 1900924447. 2004).))
The Clash also did warm up sessions and preparation for the album "London Calling" in 1979 at the long gone Vanilla Studios which used to be at 36 Causton Street. They were often seen playing football at the concrete football pitch across the road. More of these recordings would have been actively used but it was long thought they lost most of the Vanilla sessions master recording on the tube. Mick Jones subsequently found these 25 years later after a house move. The Vanilla studio was refurbished into a pottery barn - the building has recently been demolished and the street renumbered. {{The Clash - A Riot of Our Own, P.156 Pat Gilbert - Passion is a Fashion 2004 ISBN 1845130170 )}
David Devant & His Spirit Wife named their first single after Pimlico.

In Non-Fiction

In G.K. Chesterton's Orthodoxy, Pimlico is used as an example of "a desperate thing” in the chapter entitled Flag of The World.

Education

:''For education in see the main City of Westminster article.''

Transport and locale

Nearby places

★ Chelsea

★ Millbank

★ Vauxhall

★ Westminster

★ Victoria, London

Nearest tube station

★ Pimlico tube station on the Victoria Line

See also

★ Thomas Cubitt

External links

★ http://www.holyapostlespimlico.org/parish_info/history.shtml

★ http://www.pimlicoschool.org.uk/index.asp?page=about-us

★ http://www.st-gabriels.com

★ http://www.barbara-pym.org

★ http://www.stmarythevirgin.org.uk

★ http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ie=UTF8&t=h&om=1&z=15&ll=51.488545,-0.139732&spn=0.011437,0.028925

Sources

★ ''Secret London'' by Andrew Duncan (New Holland Publishers, London, 2001)

★ ''The Face of London'' by Harold P Clunn (Spring Books, London, 1970)