'Palaeogeography' (sometimes spelled 'paleogeography') is the study of the ancient
geologic environments of the
Earth's surface as preserved in the
stratigraphic record.
Paleogeographic analysis is used in the detailed study of
sedimentary basins in
petroleum geology. Paleogeographers also study the sedimentary environment associated with
fossils to aid in the understanding of
evolutionary development of extinct species. The reconstructions of prehistoric continents and oceans depends on paleogeographic evidence. Thus paleogeography provided critical evidence for the development of
continental drift and current
plate tectonic theories. For example, knowledge of the shape and latitudinal location of
supercontinents such as
Pangaea and ancient oceans such as
Panthalassa result from paleogeographic studies.
See also
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Plate tectonics: Behavior of plates covering the surface of the
Earth.
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Paleontology: Study of ancient life, often involving
fossils and pollen (
palynology).
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Paleoclimatology: Study of ancient climates.