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'Pakistan-Administered Kashmir' ('PAK'), which India refers to as Pakistan-Occupied Kashmir (POK), is a disputed territory claimed by India but controlled by Pakistan. It is administratively divided into three parts:
# Azad Kashmir;
# The Northern Areas, consisting of the regions of Gilgit and Baltistan. Gilgit was an agency leased by the Maharaja to British Government. Baltistan was western district of Ladakh province which was annexed by Pakistan in 1948. Both regions of Gilgit and Baltistan are administered as a ''de facto'' "Federal Territory" of Pakistan by a Pakistani minister. As the area is part of the disputed Jammu and Kashmir region, the local population is denied the right to vote or send representatives to the Pakistani parliament or senate;
# A part of Hunza-Gilgit called Raskam and the Shaksgam Valley of Baltistan region, ceded by Pakistan to the People's Republic of China in 1963 pending settlement of the dispute over Kashmir. This ceded area is also known as the Trans-Karakoram Tract.
These territories border the Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir to the east and Pakistan to the west.

Contents

History

Human Rights

See also

References

External links

History

During the partition of British India into the Dominion of Pakistan and the Republic of India, the Princely states had the options of joining either India or Pakistan.
The Pakistan Declaration of 1933 had envisioned the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir as one of the "five Northern units of India" that were to form the new nation of Pakistan, on the basis of its Muslim majority. The Maharaja of Kashmir however wanted independence.
In 1947 tribal invaders arrived in Jammu and Kashmir. Pakistan has always claimed that its government was not behind these raids and that these were spontaneous expressions of Muslim sentiment following reports of killing of Muslims in Jammu and Kashmir.
India disputes this citing the book "Raiders in Kashmir" in which Major General Akbar Khan, a Pakistani states the following "I wrote out a plan under the title 'Armed Revolt inside Kashmir'. As open interference or aggression by Pakistan was obviously not desirable it was proposed that our efforts should be concentrated upon strengthening the Kashmiris internally—and .. to prevent arrival of armed civilian or military assistance from India into Kashmir...".
American journalist Margaret Bourke-White describes the plunder by the raiders:
"Their buses and trucks, loaded with booty, arrived every other day and took more Pathans to Kashmir. Ostensibly they want to liberate their Kashmiri Muslim brothers, but their primary objective was riot and loot. In this they made no distinction between Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims".
"The raiders advanced into Baramulla, the biggest commercial centre of the region with a population then of 11,000, until they were only an hour away from Srinagar."

Unable to prevent the advance the Maharaja, on October 24, 1947, appealed for military assistance from the Government of India. The Indian Government argued that in order for assistance the state would have to accede to India.
According to the Indian embassy:
Pakistan disputes this and according to the BBC
Indian forces started pushing back the Pakistanis. The then Prime Minister of India asked the UN to intervene. The United Nations asked for a ceasefire and the present 'Line of Control' was created ^[1]. The area which remained under the control of Pakistan became the Pakistan-administered Kashmir.

Human Rights

Human Rights Watch (which has been critical of all parties in the Kashmir Dispute) - recently published a report on human rights in Azad Kashmir. [2]
According to the report:
`^[2]
It also says:
^[3]

See also

★ Kashmiriyat - a socio-cultural ethos of religious harmony and Kashmiri consciousness.

★ Instrument of Accession (Jammu and Kashmir) to the Country / Dominion of India

★ Kashmir conflict

★ Indian Kashmir barrier

★ Timeline of the Kashmir conflict

★ Indo-Pakistani Wars

★ Azad Kashmir an area of Kashmir administered by Pakistan

★ Line of Control Kashmir

★ Kargil War or the Indo-Pakistani War of 1999

★ ''LOC Kargil'', a 2003 Bollywood war film based on "Kargil War" or the "Indo-Pakistani War of 1999", directed by J.P.Dutta

★ Indo-China War Kashmir

★ Trans-Karakoram Tract an area of Kashmir administered by China but claimed by India.

★ Aksai Chin an area of Kashmir administered by China but claimed by India.

★ Balawaristan

★ Sharada Peeth

★ Balti language

★ Balti people

★ Violence in Kashmir

★ List of Kashmiris

★ Shaikh Abdullah, Politician

★ List of topics on the land and the people of “Jammu and Kashmir”

References

1. United Nations Resolution 13 AUGUST 1948[1]
2. `http://hrw.org/reports/2006/pakistan0906
3. http://hrw.org/reports/2006/pakistan0906

External links

★ Kashmir - An Indian perspective

★ BBC article, Kashmir: The origins of the dispute

★ An article on human rights in Pakistani Kashmir by the Hindu - an Indian Newpaper

★ 'Conflict in Kashmir: Selected Internet Resources by the Library, University of California, Berkeley, USA'; University of California at Berkeley Library Bibliographies and Web-Bibliographies list