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'Ancient North Arabian' is known from fragmentary inscriptions in Iraq, Jordan, Syria and Saudi Arabia, dating to between roughly the 6th century BC and the 6th century AD, all written in scripts derived from Epigraphic South Arabian. These dialects appear to be predecessors of Classical Arabic.
It includes a number of closely related extinct dialects of pre-Islamic Arabia, summarized as 'Ancient' or 'Old North Arabian' (ISO 639-3 xna), including

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★ Safaitic

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★ Dedanitic/Lihyanitic (Dedanite/Lihyanite)

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★ Thamudic

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★ Hasaitic
Ancient North Arabian uses ''h-'' rather than ''al-'' for the definite article.

Contents

Literature

Literature

★ Lozachmeur, H., (ed.), (1995) ''Presence arabe dans le croissant fertile avant l'Hegire (Actes de la table ronde internationale Paris, 13 Novembre 1993)'' Paris: Editions Recherche sur les Civilisations. ISBN 286538 2540

★ Macdonald, M.C.A., (2000) "Reflections on the linguistic map of pre-Islamic Arabia" ''Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy'' 11(1), 28–79

★ Scagliarini, F., (1999) "The Dedanitic inscriptions from Jabal 'Ikma in north-western Hejaz" ''Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies'' 29, 143-150 ISBN 2-503-50829-4

★ Winnett, F.V. and Reed, W.L., (1970) ''Ancient Records from North Arabia'' (Toronto: University of Toronto)