OCTOBER 16

Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

External links

Events

★ 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western Roman Empire.

★ 1775 - Portland, Maine burned by the British.

★ 1780 - Royalton, Vermont and Tunbridge, Vermont last major raid of the American Revolutionary War.

★ 1781 - George Washington captures Yorktown, Virginia.

★ 1793 - Marie Antoinette, wife of Louis XVI is guillotined at the height of the French Revolution.

★ 1793 - Battle of Wattignies.

★ 1813 - The Sixth Coalition attacks Napoleon Bonaparte in the Battle of Leipzig.

★ 1834 - Much of the ancient structures of the Palace of Westminster in London is burnt down.

★ 1841 - Queen's University is founded in Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

★ 1843 - Sir William Rowan Hamilton comes up with the idea of quaternions, a non-commutative extension of complex numbers.

★ 1859 - John Brown leads raid on Harper's Ferry, West Virginia

★ 1869 - Cardiff Giant, one of the most famous American hoaxes, discovered.

★ 1869 - England's first residential college for women, Girton College, Cambridge, is founded.

★ 1875 - Brigham Young University is founded in Provo, Utah.

★ 1882 - The Nickel Plate Railroad opens for business.

★ 1905 - The Partition of Bengal (India) occurred.

★ 1906 - The Captain of Köpenick fools the city hall of Köpenick and several soldiers by impersonating a Prussian officer.

★ 1916 - Margaret Sanger founds Planned Parenthood by opening the first U.S. birth control clinic.

★ 1923 - The Walt Disney Company is founded by Walt Disney and his brother, Roy Disney.

★ 1934 - Chinese Communists begin the Long March; it ended a year and four days later, by which time Mao Zedong had regained his title as party chairman.

★ 1939 - World War II: First attack on British territory by German Luftwaffe.

★ 1940 - Benjamin O. Davis Sr. named first African American general in the United States Army.

★ 1940 - Warsaw Ghetto established.

★ 1944 - First flight of the Junkers Ju 287.

★ 1945 - The Food and Agriculture Organization was founded in Quebec City, Canada.

★ 1946 - Ten war criminals of the Second World War, condemned in the Nuremberg trials are hanged.

★ 1949 - Nikolaos Zachariadis, leader of the Communist Party of Greece, announces a "temporary cease-fire", effectively ending the Greek Civil War.

★ 1951 - The first Prime Minister of Pakistan, Liaquat Ali Khan, is assassinated in Rawalpindi.

★ 1958 - The first episode of ''Blue Peter'', a popular, long-running children's television programme, was first broadcast on BBC, with Christopher Trace and Leila Williams as the original presenters.

★ 1961 - Cork Airport opened in Ireland.

★ 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis between the United States and Cuba began.

★ 1964 - People's Republic of China detonates its first nuclear weapon.

★ 1968 - United States athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos are kicked out of the USA's team for performing a Black Power salute during a medal ceremony.

★ 1968 - Kingston, Jamaica is rocked by the Rodney Riots, inspired by the barring of Walter Rodney from the country.

★ 1969 - United States - The "miracle" New York Mets win the World Series, defeating the Baltimore Orioles 4 games to 1.

★ 1970 - Canada - In response to the October Crisis terrorist kidnapping, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau invokes the War Measures Act.

★ 1972 - ''Rainbow'', a British television programme for children, debuts. ''Emmerdale'', the UK soap opera debuts.

★ 1973 - Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho are awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

★ 1975 - The Balibo Five, a group of Australian television journalists based in the town of Balibo in the then Portuguese Timor (now East Timor), are killed by Indonesian troops.

★ 1978 - Karol Józef Wojtyła becomes Pope John Paul II.

★ 1984 - Desmond Tutu is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

★ 1987 - Great Storm of 1987: hurricane force winds to hit much of the South of England killing 23 people.

★ 1990 - Jonathan Hall is born.

★ 1991 - Luby's massacre: George Hennard runs amok in Killeen, Texas, killing 23 and wounding 20 in Luby's Cafeteria.

★ 1991 - Jharkhand Chhatra Yuva Morcha is founded at a conference in Ranchi, India.

★ 1992 - Duchess of York Sarah Ferguson files a 1.4 million USD lawsuit against French tabloids for running topless photos taken of her on the French Riviera.

★ 1995 - The Million Man March occurs in Washington, DC.

★ 1996 - Eighty-four people are killed and more than 180 injured as 47,000 football fans attempt to squeeze into the 36,000-seat ''Estadio Mateo Flores'' in Guatemala City.

★ 2002 - Bibliotheca Alexandrina in the Egyptian city of Alexandria, a commemoration of the Library of Alexandria that was lost in antiquity, is officially inaugurated.

★ 2002 - Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002, was signed into law by President George W. Bush.

Births

★ 1396 - William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English soldier (d. 1450)

★ 1430 - King James II of Scotland (d. 1460)

★ 1483 - Gasparo Contarini, Italian diplomat and cardinal (d. 1542)

★ 1535 - Niwa Nagahide, Japanese warlord (d. 1585)

★ 1663 - Prince Eugene of Savoy, French-born Austrian general (d. 1736)

★ 1710 - Andreas Hadik, Austro-Hungarian general (d. 1790)

★ 1714 - Giovanni Arduino, Italian geologist (d. 1795)

★ 1726 - Daniel Chodowiecki, Polish painter (d. 1801)

★ 1752 - Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, German theologian (d. 1827)

★ 1754 - Morgan Lewis, Governor of New York (1804-07) (d. 1844)

★ 1758 - Noah Webster, American lexicographer (d. 1843)

★ 1762 - Paul Hamilton, Governor of South Carolina (1804-06) and U.S. Secretary of Navy (1809-12) (d. 1816)

★ 1789 - William Burton, Governor of Delaware (1859-63) (d. 1866)

★ 1802 - Isaac Murphy, Governor of Arkansas (1864-68) (d. 1882)

★ 1806 - William Pitt Fessenden, U.S. Secretary of Treasury (1864-65) (d. 1869)

★ 1815 - Francis Lubbock, Governor of Texas (d. 1905)

★ 1819 - Austin F. Pike, American politician from New Hampshire (d. 1886)

★ 1840 - Kuroda Kiyotaka, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1900)

★ 1841 - Prince Hirobumi Ito, Japanese governor of Korea (d. 1909)

★ 1854 - Oscar Wilde, Irish writer (d. 1900)

★ 1854 - Karl Kautsky, Marxist theoretician (d. 1938)

★ 1855 - Samedbey Mehmandarov, Russian general (d. 1931)

★ 1861 - J. B. Bury, Irish historian (d. 1927)

★ 1863 - Austen Chamberlain, English statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1937)

★ 1878 - Maxey Long, American athlete (d. 1959)

★ 1886 - David Ben-Gurion, first Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1973)

★ 1888 - Eugene O'Neill, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1953)

★ 1888 - Paul Popenoe, American activist (d. 1979)

★ 1890 - Michael Collins, Irish patriot (d. 1922)

★ 1890 - Paul Strand, American photographer (d. 1975)

★ 1898 - William O. Douglas, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 1980)

★ 1900 - Edward Ardizzone, artist and illustrator (d. 1979)

★ 1900 - Primo Conti, Italian painter (d. 1988)

★ 1903 - Cecile de Brunhoff, French storyteller (d. 2003)

★ 1908 - Enver Hoxha, Albanian dictator (d. 1985)

★ 1914 - Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (d. 2007)

★ 1917 - Alice Pearce, American actress (d. 1966)

★ 1918 - Louis Althusser, French Marxist philosopher (d. 1990)

★ 1919 - Kathleen Winsor, American writer (d. 2003)

★ 1922 - Max Bygraves, English singer/songwriter

★ 1922 - Leon Sullivan, American civil rights leader and pastor (d. 2001)

★ 1923 - Bert Kaempfert, German orchestra leader and songwriter (d. 1980)

★ 1923 - Linda Darnell, American film actress (d. 1965)

★ 1925 - Angela Lansbury, English-born actress

★ 1927 - Günter Grass, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate

★ 1928 - Mary Daly, American feminist

★ 1928 - Fernanda Montenegro, Brazilian actress

★ 1928 - Ann Morgan Guilbert, American Actress

★ 1931 - Charles Colson, American Watergate conspirator

★ 1931 - James Chace, American historian (d. 2004)

★ 1934 - Peter Ashdown, British racing driver

★ 1936 - Andrei Chikatilo, Russian serial killer (d. 1994)

★ 1936 - Akira Machida, Japanese judge

★ 1936 - Peter Bowles, English actor

★ 1938 - Nico (born Christa Päffgen; singer-songwriter, fashion model, actress) (d. 1988)

★ 1938 - Carl Gunter Jr, Louisiana State Representative (d. 1999)

★ 1940 - Barry Corbin, American actor

★ 1940 - Dave DeBusschere, American basketball player (d. 2003)

★ 1941 - Tim McCarver, baseball player and commentator

★ 1943 - Fred Turner, Canadian bass player (Bachman-Turner Overdrive

★ 1946 - Suzanne Somers, American actress

★ 1947 - Terry Griffiths, Welsh snooker player

★ 1947 - Bob Weir, American musician (Grateful Dead)

★ 1947 - David Zucker, American film director

★ 1948 - Leo Mazzone, American baseball coach

★ 1952 - Boogie Mosson, American musician (P Funk)

★ 1952 - Ron Taylor, American actor (d. 2002)

★ 1953 - Paulo Roberto Falcão, Brazilian footballer

★ 1953 - Tony Carey, American-born rock keyboardist, producer (Rainbow, Planet P Project)

★ 1954 - Stephen Mellor, American actor

★ 1956 - Johnny Chavis, American football coach

★ 1958 - Tim Robbins, American actor, director, and writer

★ 1958 - Eleftheria Arvanitaki, Greek singer

★ 1959 - Gary Kemp, British musician and actor

★ 1959 - Erkki-Sven Tüür, Estonian composer

★ 1959 - Brian Harper, baseball player

★ 1961 - Randy Vasquez, American actor

★ 1961 - Marc Levy, French novelist

★ 1962 - Flea, Australian musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers)

★ 1962 - Manute Bol, Sudanese-born basketball player for the NBA

★ 1962 - Dmitri Hvorostovsky, Russian baritone

★ 1965 - Steve Lamacq, British journalist and disc jockey

★ 1967 - Davina McCall, British television presenter

★ 1967 - Tom Monaghan, founder of Dominos pizza

★ 1968 - Randall Batinkoff, American actor

★ 1968 - Elsa Zylberstein, French actress

★ 1969 - Wendy Wilson, American pop singer (Wilson Phillips)

★ 1969 - Roy Hargrove, American jazz trumpeter.

★ 1970 - Mehmet Scholl, German footballer

★ 1970 - Kazuyuki Fujita, Japanese professional wrestler and mixed martial arts fighter

★ 1972 - Tomas Lindberg, Swedish musician (At the Gates)

★ 1972 - Darius Kasparaitis, National Hockey League player

★ 1973 - Chad Gray, American singer (Mudvayne)

★ 1973 - Peter Polaco, American professional wrestler

★ 1973 - David Unsworth, English professional footballer

★ 1974 - Paul Kariya, Canadian hockey player

★ 1974 - Deo Grech, Maltese television presenter, songwriter

★ 1975 - Kellie Martin, American actress

★ 1975 - Brynjar Gunnarsson, Icelandic footballer

★ 1975 - Jacques Kallis, South African cricketer

★ 1976 - Ryan Fitzgerald, Australian football (AFL) player and media personality

★ 1977 - John Mayer, American musician

★ 1977 - Jon Heder, American actor and filmmaker

★ 1979 - Erin Brown, B-movie actress, model, filmmaker, former softcore erotic actress, and musician

★ 1980 - Sue Bird, American basketball player

★ 1980 - Timana Tahu, Australian Rugby League player

★ 1981 - Anthony Reyes, starting pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals

★ 1982 - Vincy Chan, Hong Kong singer

★ 1982 - Frédéric Michalak, French rugby player

★ 1984 - Melissa Lauren, French pornographic actress

★ 1984 - Shayne Ward, UK singer, winner of ''The X Factor'', series 2005

★ 1985 - Casey Stoner, Australian motorcycle racer

★ 1988 - Zoltán Stieber, Hungarian footballer

★

Deaths

★ 1355 - Louis, King of Sicily, felled by the Black Death

★ 1553 - Lucas Cranach the Elder, German painter (b. 1472)

★ 1555 - Hugh Latimer, English Protestant (martyred)

★ 1555 - Nicholas Ridley, English Protestant (martyred)

★ 1591 - Pope Gregory XIV (b. 1535)

★ 1594 - William Cardinal Allen, English Catholic cardinal (b. 1532)

★ 1621 - Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, Dutch composer (b. 1562)

★ 1628 - François de Malherbe, French poet and critic (b. 1555)

★ 1649 - Isaac van Ostade, Dutch painter (b. 1621)

★ 1655 - Joseph Solomon Delmedigo, Italian physician, mathematician, and music theorist (b. 1591)

★ 1680 - Raimondo Montecuccoli, Italian-Austrian general (b. 1608 or 1609)

★ 1750 - Sylvius Leopold Weiss, German composer and lutenist (b. 1687)

★ 1755 - Saint Gerard Majella, Catholic saint (b. 1725)

★ 1781 - Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke, British naval officer (b. 1705)

★ 1793 - Marie Antoinette, Queen of France (executed) (b. 1755)

★ 1796 - Victor Amadeus III of Savoy (b. 1726)

★ 1810 - Nachman of Breslov, founder of Breslov Hasidut (b. 1772)

★ 1865 - Andrés Bello, Venezuelan poet, lawmaker, philosopher, and sociologist (b. 1781)

★ 1877 - Theodore Barrière, French dramatist (b. 1823)

★ 1888 - John Wentworth, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1815)

★ 1893 - Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta, President of France (b. 1808)

★ 1909 - Jakub Bart-Ćišinski, Sorbian writer (b. 1856)

★ 1937 - Jean de Brunhoff, French writer (b. 1899)

★ 1946 - Nuremberg trial executions

★
★ Hans Frank, German war criminal (b. 1900)

★
★ Wilhelm Frick, German war criminal (b. 1877)

★
★ Alfred Jodl, German military officer (b. 1890)

★
★ Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Austrian SS officer (b. 1903)

★
★ Wilhelm Keitel, German military officer (b. 1882)

★
★ Joachim von Ribbentrop, German politician (b. 1893)

★
★ Alfred Rosenberg, Nazi ideologist (b. 1893)

★
★ Fritz Sauckel, German war criminal (b. 1894)

★
★ Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Austrian Nazi leader (b. 1892)

★
★ Julius Streicher, German propagandist (b. 1887)

★ 1959 - George Marshall, United States Secretary of State, Nobel laureate (b. 1880)

★ 1962 - Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher and poet (b. 1884)

★ 1966 - George O'Hara, American actor (b. 1899)

★ 1968 - Ellis Kinder, baseball player (b. 1914)

★ 1972 - Hale Boggs, U.S. Congressman from Louisiana (b. 1914)

★ 1972 - Leo G. Carroll, English actor (b. 1892)

★ 1973 - Gene Krupa, American musician (b. 1909)

★ 1974 - Chembai Vaidyanatha Bhagavatar, noted Carnatic musician (b. 1895)

★ 1978 - Dan Dailey, American actor (b. 1913)

★ 1979 - Johan Borgen, Norwegian author (b. 1903)

★ 1981 - Moshe Dayan, Israeli general (b. 1915)

★ 1982 - Mario del Monaco, Italian tenor (b. 1915)

★ 1983 - Jakov Gotovac, Croatian composer (b. 1895)

★ 1983 - Kelso, American racehorse (b. 1957)

★ 1986 - Arthur Grumiaux, Belgian violinist (b. 1921)

★ 1989 - Cornel Wilde, American actor (b. 1915)

★ 1990 - Jorge Bolet, Cuban-American classical pianist (b. 1914)

★ 1990 - Art Blakey, American jazz drummer (b. 1919)

★ 1992 - Shirley Booth, American actress (b. 1898)

★ 1996 - Eric Malpass, English novelist (b. 1910)

★ 1996 - Jason Bernard, American actor (b. 1938)

★ 1997 - James Michener, American writer (b. 1907)

★ 1997 - Audra Lindley, American actress (b. 1918)

★ 1998 - Jon Postel, American Internet pioneer (b. 1943)

★ 1999 - Jean Shepherd, American writer and actor (b. 1921)

★ 2000 - Mel Carnahan, American politician (b. 1934)

★ 2002 - Angela Dawson, American murder victim

★ 2003 - Avni Arbas, Turkish artist (b. 1919)

★ 2003 - Stu Hart, Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1915)

★ 2003 - László Papp, Hungarian boxer (b. 1926)

★ 2004 - Pierre Salinger, John F. Kennedy's White House Press Secretary (b. 1925)

★ 2005 - "Len" Dresslar, American singer and voice actor (b. 1925)

★ 2005 - David Reilly, American singer (God Lives Underwater) (b. 1971)

★ 2006 - Valentín Paniagua Corazao, Ex President of Peru (b. 1936)

★ 2006 - Ross Davidson, British actor (b. 1949)

★ 2006 - Tommy Johnson, American tubist (b. 1935)

★ 2006 - Lister Sinclair, Canadian broadcaster and playwright (b. 1921)

Holidays and observances

★ World Food Day

★ Boss's Day

★ National Feral Cat Day (U.S.).[1]

External links

★ BBC: On This Day

★

★ On This Day in Canada
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