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The 'Northern Hemisphere' or 'northern hemisphere'^[1] is the half of a planet that is north of the equator—the word ''hemisphere'' literally means 'half ball'. It is also that half of the celestial sphere north of the celestial equator. Earth's northern hemisphere contains most of the land and about 90% of the human population.
In the temperate regions of the hemisphere, winter lasts from December 21 to March 21 (though winter weather can begin as early as September and last into May or even June in arctic regions) and Summer from June 21 to September 22.
Earth's perihelion, during which its orbital motion is fastest, occurs in January. In theory, northern hemisphere winters would therefore tend to be shorter and less severe than southern hemisphere winters at equivalent latitudes, but in practice, the moderating effect of the larger southern hemisphere oceans more than compensates for this effect. Tropical regions tend to experience a rainy season during the 'summer' months, and a dry season during the 'winter' months.
Regions north of the Arctic Circle will experience some days in summer on which the sun never sets, and some days in winter on which the sun never rises. The duration of these phases varies from one day for places right on the Arctic Circle to several months near the North Pole itself.
==Continents in the northern hemisphere:==

★ Asia (Indonesia is primarily in the southern hemisphere)

★ Europe

★ North America

★ A small part of South America, north of the Amazon River

★ About ⅔ of Africa, north of the Congo River
==Countries wholly, mostly, or partly in the northern hemisphere that are in Africa:

Contents

Mostly

Partly

Mostly

Partly

See also

References

==

Entirely

★ Algeria

★ Benin

★ Burkina Faso

★ Cameroon

★ Cape Verde

★ Central African Republic

★ Chad

★ Djibouti

★ Egypt

★ Eritrea

★ Ethiopia

★ Gambia

★ Ghana

★ Guinea-Bissau

★ Ivory Coast

★ Liberia

★ Libya

★ Mali

★ Mauritania

★ Morocco

★ Niger

★ Nigeria

★ Senegal

★ Sierra Leone

★ Sudan

★ Togo

★ Tunisia

★ Western Sahara

Mostly

★ Equatorial Guinea

★ Kenya

★ Sao tome and principe

★ Somalia

★ Uganda

Partly

★ Democratic rep of Congo

★ Gabon

★ Republic of Congo
==Countries primarily in the northern hemisphere that are southeast of Asia:==

★ Marshall Islands

★ Micronesia

★ Palau
==Countries and territories wholly, mostly, or partly in the northern hemisphere that are in South America:==

Wholly

★ French Guiana

★ Guyana

★ Suriname

★ Venezuela

Mostly

★ Colombia

Partly

★ Brazil

★ Ecuador
==Countries and territories wholly, mostly, or partly in the northern hemisphere that are in North America==

Wholly

★ The Bahamas

★ United States

★ Mexico

★ Canada

★ Barbados

★ Nicaragua

★ Dominican Republic

★ Jamaica

★ Trinidad and Tobago

See also

★ Seasons

★ Solstice and equinox

★ Tropic of Cancer

References

1. ''Merriam Webster's Online Dictionary'' (based on Collegiate vol., 11th ed.) 2006. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster, Inc.