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The 'Democratic Republic of Vietnam' (DRVN), or less commonly, Vietnamese Democratic Republic (Vietnamese: ''Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa''), also known as 'North Vietnam', was proclaimed by Hồ Chí Minh in Hànội on September 2, 1945 with a declaration of independence, following the August Revolution, as a provisional government. It gathered Tonkin and Annam, provinces of the French Indochina.

Contents

Partition of Indochina

International relations

The Fall of Saigon (1975)

References

See also

External links

Partition of Indochina

Following the partition of Indochina and, inside of it, of Vietnam, there followed a mass exodus of North Vietnamese to the South, many of them Catholics that claimed they were persecuted by official North Vietnamese policy. This amounted to one million people out of a population of 13 million ^[1] Around the same time an estimated 100,000 people fled South Việtnam for the North. The nation in its first years, with an underdeveloped industrial economy and cut off from the agricultural areas of the South, became repressive. Between 1953 and 1956, agrarian reforms were attempted due to Chinese pressure. In the process, tens of thousands of landowners were publicly denounced as landlords (địa chủ), with their land distributed to those considered loyal to the party. Estimates of landlord deaths vary from around 1,000 to tens of thousands. A literary movement called ''Nhân văn-Giai phẩm'' (from the names of the two magazines which started the movement) attempted to encourage the democratization of the country and the free expression of thought. This resulted in a purge in which many intellectuals and writers were sent to reeducation camps because they did not agree with the government.

International relations

North Vietnam's capital was Hànội and it was led by a communist government allied with the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China. During the Second Indochinese War, North Vietnam largely controlled the National Liberation Front of South Việtnam (NLF, also known as the Việt Cộng) who were fighting against the government of South Việtnam and the United States. From 1965 onwards, both China and the Soviet Union provided huge amounts of aid to North Việtnam for their war effort, in what became known in the West as the Vietnam War. North Việtnam invaded and occupied portions of neighboring Laos and Cambodia. It also supplied weapons to insurgent groups which eventually overthrew the governments of both countries.

The Fall of Saigon (1975)

With the fall of Sàigòn to North Vietnamese forces on April 30, 1975, political authority within South Việtnam was nominally assumed by the North Vietnamese controlled Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam but in reality, political authority rested with the North Vietnamese Army. This government merged with North Việtnam on July 2, 1976, to form a single nation officially called the Socialist Republic of Việtnam (Cộng Hoà Xã Hội Chủ Nghĩa Việt Nam), or more commonly known as ''Việt Nam''.

References

1. from the UN HCR

See also

★ August Revolution

★ Vietnam

★ Flag of North Vietnam

★ South Vietnam

★ Indochina Wars

★ Hồ Chí Minh

★ Socialist State

★ People's Army of Vietnam

★ Northern and southern Vietnam

External links

★ Declaration of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam