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The 'North German Constitution' was the constitution of the North German Confederation, which existed from 1867 to 1871. The Constitution of the German Empire (1871) was closely based upon it. Although it allowed universal male suffrage for Reichstag elections, it has been described as a 'fig-leaf for absolutism' (Karl Liebknecht) due to its essential autocracy, that its sole minister (''Bundeskanzler'') was responsible to the President of the Federation (i. e. the King of Prussia), not to the parliament (''Reichstag'') (although they could question ministers).

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★ Text of the constitution (in German)