A 'niche market' is a focused, targetable portion (subset) of a
market sector.
By definition, then, a
business that focuses on a niche
market is addressing a need for a product or service that is not being addressed by
mainstream providers. A niche market may be thought of as a narrowly defined group of potential
customers.
A distinct niche market usually evolves out of a market niche, where potential
demand is not met by any supply.
Such ventures are
profitable because of disinterest on the part of large businesses and/or lack of awareness on the part of other small companies. The key to capitalizing on a niche market is to find or develop a market niche that has customers who are accessible, that is growing fast enough, and that is not owned by one established
vendor already.
Etymology
The term
"niche" was first used by
ecologists to describe a
species' position and use of resources within its environment. When used in
business the term implies a situation or an
activity perfectly suited to a person or a given type of personality. This concept has been extended from persons to products on the market. Whereas a niche in the strict sense can be a
working position or an
area suited to a person who occupies it, the market niche is perfectly suited for a product of human labour.
Marketing in and for niche markets
'Niche marketing' is the process of finding and serving profitable market segments and designing custom-made
products or
services for them. For big companies those market segments are often too small in order to serve them profitably as they often lack
economies of scale. Niche marketers are often reliant on the
loyalty business model to maintain a profitable volume of sales.
Online Niche Marketing
An often used technique for
affiliate marketers. By seeking out smaller segments of larger markets, a website can be developed and promoted quickly to uniquely serve a targeted and usually loyal customer base, giving the affiliate a small but regular income stream. This technique is then repeated across several other niche websites until a desired income level is achieved.