NEWTYPE

:''For the magazine ''Newtype'', see Newtype (magazine).''
A 'Newtype' is theorized to be the next stage of human evolution in the fictional ''Gundam'' universe. The theory behind this minor but groundbreaking metamorphosis is that in order to adapt to life in space, the human body evolved with heightened mental awareness. As such, Newtypes tend to appear among Spacenoids (Space-born human beings), although not exclusively (Amuro Ray, arguably the most famous Newtype, was actually born and spent his early childhood on Earth). Appearing in the Universal Century timeline (chronologically the first), they are also present in the After War timeline, where they are explained to be nothing more than genetic mutants.

Distinguishing Characteristics

Newtypes have an extremely high degree of spatial awareness. Some but not all, are capable of empathically detecting other Newtypes, and are sensitive to the hostile intentions directed at them by others, allowing them to uncannily preemptively react to such dangers. This effect is often depicted in the anime series as a white bolt flashing across their forehead with an accompanying sound effect, a phenomenon referred to as a "Newtype flash."
More powerful Newtypes also exhibit telepathic and telekinetic abilities:

★ Kamille Bidan, through the aid of Zeta Gundam's bio-sensor, was able to channel the spirits of his dead friends and create an I-field-like barrier around his mobile suit, increase the size of his beam saber, and override the control of Paptimus Scirocco's The O (which has a substitute psycommu system similar to the bio-sensor).

★ Amuro Ray, piloting the psycoframe-equipped ν Gundam, managed a psychic resonance and generated an anti-gravity force field, pushing away the falling asteroid Axis.

★ Judau Ashta, who pilots the Zeta and ZZ Gundam in the series ZZ Gundam, also channels spirits of dead comrades(even from Zeta) to activate the Bio-sensor. He also projects an image of himself after his sister is shot by Haman Karn.
The abilities of the Newtype are kept very abstract and treated as mysterious events much the same way the Force is treated in the original ''Star Wars'' trilogy.
Note that Tomino Yoshiyuki is very vague when it comes to defining just what Newtypes are. Despite the various ESP-like powers depicted in animated TV series, Tomino has repeatedly denied Newtypes are espers.

Newtypes and Society

One of the Universal Century's greatest social conflicts is the exploitation of these advanced humans. Heralded by scientists and philosophers upon their discovery as a beacon of hope for the future of humanity, the various series of the UC timeline show that these humans have merely become cannon fodder for greedy politicians and violent militarists, creating even more war and destruction.
Various characters state that the exploitation of the Newtype is due to fear of them by the Oldtypes, as they represent humanity's next step of evolution and the Oldtypes are merely relics of the past. A great example of this is the signature Gundam pilot of the metaverse, Amuro Ray. Although he is the hero of the One Year War, the first great mobile suit war, he barely climbs the ranks above lieutenant commander in his entire military career, and it is implied to be due to the Federation government's mistrust due to his Newtype status. Many believe this to be an allegory for the newer generations taking over the previous generation, and the confusion and conflict which comes from this. Well into the very late incarnations of the Universal Century timeline, Newtypes remain as rare an occurrence as they were during the One Year War, facilitating a curious cycle of weapons development, in which highly specialized newtype-use weapons are developed, and repeatedly phased out, as fielding people capable of using such weapons in significant numbers remains consistently impossible.

Notable Newtypes

The most famous Newtype is probably the legendary Amuro Ray, protagonist of the first series. While Amuro develops into a powerful Newtype, he relies just as much, if not more so, on his superb proficiency with machineries, outstanding battle tactics and inherent piloting skill than on his Newtype abilities. Later into the UC history, even AI system designed upon Amuro's data presents a formidable opponent for many powerful Newtype pilots.
The Gundam metaverse's character Char Aznable is implied to be not a particularly powerful Newtype at all, not compared to Amuro Ray or Kamille Bidan at least. Char, like Amuro, develops his formidable combat ability only after years of experience. Char is first and foremost a planner and strategist, fields he excels at without any relation to Newtype capabilities. Although his Newtype abilities were not as powerful as Amuro's, Char was among the most notable Newtypes of his era.
The most powerful Newtype is Kamille Bidan, the pilot of the Zeta Gundam in ''Mobile Suit Z Gundam''. Many have considered Kamille to be the most powerful Newtype abilities in all of Gundam, as he has shown many powerful abilities such as summoning the ghosts of dead characters and utilizing the Zeta Gundam's bio-sensor to power the MS to phenomenal levels. And unlike other characters, Kamille initially started out as a powerful Newtype, to the point Char thought of Amuro Ray or Lalah Sune when he first sensed Kamille at Green Noa 1. Kamille exhibits the highest amount of raw Newtype ability and energy of almost any UC protagonist.
Another powerful Newtype pilot is Judau Ashta of ''Mobile Suit ZZ Gundam'', the pilot of the titular MS, who like Kamille is considered to be powerful Newtype overall. Despite his inexperience and youth, Judau exhibits the high amount of raw Newtype ability, able to frighten off and demoralize Haman Karn, who was reduced to tears despite herself being a formidable Newtype.
Some argue that General Revil of the Earth Federation Forces is also a Newtype, as he displayed some signs of Newtype abilities. If this is true, that would make Revil the eldest Newtype known in Universal Century.

Newtypes in the Universal Century

The word 'Newtype' first came into being when Zeon Zum Deikun, the founder of the space colony-based Republic of Zeon, created his philosophy: mankind was destined to leave the Earth for space, where they would evolve into a new stage of evolution, called the ''Newtype''. Newtypes possess special abilities to understand others, hence promoting harmony and tolerance, and would be able to eliminate all wars and ensure peace.
This philosophy was accepted by many people to the point that it became superstition, and it became a name for those with strange and exceptional abilities. Hence when enhanced psychic potential manifested in certain individuals in the One Year War, the idea that Newtypes were evolved humans with psychic abilities as a result of the movement to space began to stick. Unenhanced human beings, by opposition, became known by the retronym 'Oldtype'.
As time passed, despite the ongoing space migration, the number of new naturally occurring Newtypes remained fairly stable. However, as their destiny had been transformed from the "future of mankind" to living weapons forced to fight in war, artificially created Newtypes began to outnumber them. By the time of the Second Neo Zeon War (''Char's Counterattack''), it was doubtful whether these Newtypes were the same as the legendary ones found in Deikun's theory.
Furthermore, many ambitious warmongers, such as Paptimus Scirocco from ''Z Gundam'' and Crux Dogatie from ''Crossbone Gundam'', are powerful Newtypes who have no intentions to promote peace. This greatly contradicts Deikun's theory that Newtypes are humanity's hope of eliminating wars. Another contradiction to Deikun's theory is that many famous Newtypes, such as Amuro Ray, Uso Evin, Shakti Kareen (both from ''V Gundam'') and possibly Tobia Arronax (''Crossbone Gundam, newtype level 5 confirmed in G Generation F''), were born on Earth instead of space, and some of them developed their first sign of Newtype ability while on Earth. (Paptimus Scirocco was also born on Earth, but spent most of his years at Jovian orbits with the Jupiter Energy Fleet.)

Newtypes as soldiers

Not long into their discovery, the combat potential of the Newtype is quickly exploited by various military factions. Various technologies allowed these Newtypes to operate remotely controlled weapons known as "bits" and "funnels", and other psychically controlled weapons. Some systems even allow Newtypes to control entire Mobile Suits or Armors just with the power of their mind, although this would require an exceptionally powerful Newtype, with significant risks. Many types of interfaces have also been designed for Newtype use, such as psycommu, psycoframe, bio-sensor and bio-computer.

Artificial Newtypes

Several research projects tried to artificially expand Newtypes' abilities or to bestow them on ordinary people. The Flanagan Institute, has a prominent early role in these research projects, and successfully deployed several artificial Newtypes in combat missions. The results of these projects were however ultimately flawed. While many of these "enhanced humans" did have powerful abilities in combat, they frequently suffered from extreme mental instability. The best examples of this phenomenon are Four Murasame, Rosamia Badam, Ple Two as well as the Flanagan children seen in the epilogue episode (''Last Resort'') of ''.

Newtype technologies

Psycommu system

A 'psycommu' is a device able to directly interpret the user's thoughts by picking up their brainwaves. When coupled with adequate computerization, the user can manipulate various equipments using his/her mind alone. The name "psycommu" derives from ''psychic communicator''.
The research into psycommu started when it was discovered that brainwaves can bypass radio interference created by Minovsky particles. The Principality of Zeon began researching into these phenomena, and developed the first ''psycommu system'' to be used exclusively by Newtypes.
In essence, a psycommu system works by passively scanning the brainwaves of newtypes, and then translating these brainwaves into raw machine codes. Since brainwaves are not affected by Minovsky particles, at first it was mainly used to mentally control remote weapons, usually mounted with a single beam gun. This enabled the resurrection of BVR engagements (which was thought to be abolished since the introduction of Minovsky particles), leading to the development of remotely controlled weapons capable of attacking targets without visual contact. Some mobile weapons, such as MSN-02 Zeong and MAN-03 Braw Bro, used psycommu system to operate wire-controlled mega-particle cannons, while other later designs, such as MAN-08 Elmeth and AMX-004 Qubeley, utilized wireless weapons called 'bits' and 'funnels'. Later on, the psycommu system was also used to improve response time of the pilot.
In UC 0087, the psycommu system was designed to interface the Newtype pilot with a mobile suit, called a bio-sensor. The bio-sensor amplified the power, speed and strength of the mobile suit for a short period of time, and in some cases used the psychic power as a weapon, when the pilot was mentally and emotionally distraught, usually when angry or upset.

Anti-funnel System

The 'anti-funnel system' was used by the mobile suit REON ('R'obotic 'E'nvironment 'O'perating system 'N'ucleus) Ver.5.7 Gundam Zephyr Phantom Mark II "Reon", in the manga of the same name. The AFS worked by blocking control waves from a psycommu system of any sort and thus disrupting any use of remote weapons such as bits or funnels. It also appears in Gundam UC 0099 MOON CRISIS, by the same author as REON.

Psycoframe

Appearing in ''Char's Counterattack'', the 'psycoframe' is a technology that builds the psycommu system into nano-receptors within the structural framework of a mobile suit. This allows an extremely high concentration of psycommu perception, and a Newtype pilot would be able to control the mobile suit as if it were his/her own body (somewhat similar to how the suits in ''G Gundam'' are controlled). Traditional psycommu systems require sizeable sub-systems, and are typically mounted on larger platforms such as a mobile armor or an uncommonly large mobile suit. With the development of the psycoframe, it became possible to implement a psycommu system into a smaller mobile suit.
The first mobile suit equipped with the psycoframe was the Neo-Zeon mobile suit MSN-04 Sazabi, built by Anaheim Electronics for the Neo-Zeon leader Char Aznable. Hoping for a fair battle with his long-time rival, Amuro Ray (who was piloting an inferior mobile suit), Char secretly allowed the psycoframe technology to be leaked to the RX-93 Nu Gundam production team -- also belonging to Anaheim Electronics.
In addition to psycommu capabilities, the psycoframe is said to have the ability to take brainwave input and increase the output of the mobile suit beyond its designed capacity. The psycoframe absorbing the intense emotions of Amuro Ray and other mobile suit pilots around him, is often listed as the explanation for the mysterious power that prevented the large asteroid base, Axis, from dropping onto Earth.
NOTE: In the novel version of Char's Counterattack, entitled Beltorchika's Children, a third Mobile Suit, the Psyco Doga, is also equipped with a psycoframe. The Psyco Doga, which served as a prototype for the powerful mobile armor Alpha Azieru, was never animated.

Quasi-Psycommu

The 'Quasi-psycommu' system was developed to extend the capabilities of remote control to non-newtypes. This system can actively scan the pilot's brainwaves, no matter how weak they are, and then let the computer translate the thoughts into commands to be issued to remote weapons. Using the quasi-psycommu even Oldtype humans can control simple wire-guided remote weapons, such as incoms. Incoms, unlike funnels or bits, only capable of two-dimensional movements and still have to be tethered to their control unit by wires because the signals would be otherwise disrupted by Minovsky Particles.
The quasi-psycommu system was first developed in the AMX-002 Neue Ziel by the Axis Zeon in U.C. 0083, only known as "half-control computer system". Later in U.C. 0087, the Titans, developed their own miniaturized version, which appeared in several units such as the ORX-013 Gundam Mk-V, and the MRX-010 Psyco Gundam Mark II. When the wreckage of the Psyco Gundam Mark II was retrieved by the Neo Zeon they reverse engineered it and used it in several of their own units such as the AMX-103 Hamma Hamma and AMX-114 Doven Wolf.

Neo-Psycommu

The 'neo-psycommu' system took the psycommu system a step further, allowing a pilot to control the suit with just his thoughts, without any manual controls. The only example of this was the huge Crossbone Vanguard mobile armour Rafflesia, in which the pilot, "Iron Mask" Carozzo, had numerous fiber optic neural receptors connected from his helmet to the mobile armour control.

Bio-computer

The 'bio-computer system' was developed by Dr. Monica Arno in early U.C.0120s, first employed in SNRI's F91 Gundam in U.C.0123, and then also incorporated in the Crossbone Gundams during U.C.0133. In essence it was a reverse-psycommu system: instead of reading the brainwaves of the pilot, it analyzed the data observed from the sensors, and then fed it directly to the pilot's brain. This allows Oldtype pilots the capacity to rival Newtypes' performance, but usually only a Newtype would bring out the system's full potential.
A similar system called ZERO system is mentioned in the After Colony, an alternate timeline in the Gundam series.

EXAM system

The 'EXAM system' (Blue Destiny) was quite similar to the bio-computer, except that it works using the soul of Marion Welch, a Newtype embedded into the system. Due to the fact that it contained a soul, it sometimes went berserk and could not be controlled by the pilot, with sometimes fatal results. To counter this the operation time was limited to 5 minutes.

Angel Halo

'Angel Halo' was a psycommu fortress deployed by Zanscare Empire during U.C. 0153. It is basically a giant circular ring structure with a control ship in the middle. While the other psycommu systems merely read brainwaves and translated them into machine code to control weapons, the Angel Halo harnessed the power of hundreds of Newtypes (controlled by one single Newtype in the middle) and used them to hypnotize the human mind. It would literally force an adult to sleep and think like a baby, hence "devolve" their minds. It was used to attempt to mind-wash all inhabitants of Earth.

Regarding Cosmic era characters having similar abilities

Similar ability was re-introduced in the series Gundam SEED. Characters were said to have high spacial awareness ability that can control multiple units, including barrels and DRAGOONs. Both Coordinators (genetically engineered/enhanced humans) and Naturals (humans unmodified genetically) have been noted to possess spacial awareness abilities making the trait not distinguished by one group. Although the term is not used in cosmic era official stories and settings, the company Banpresto (another sub-company of Bandai) labeled CE pilots having spacial awareness ability as Newtypes in the SD Gundam G Generation series video games and the card game Gundam Wars due to user friendliness instead of naming them differently. However, this ability does not have the long distance psychic like ability to communicate with remote units and needed quantum communication devices to control unwired dragoon units unlike Newtypes which can directly send out signals without the help of a computer.

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