'Mikołaj "Niedźwiedzia Łapa" ("Bearpaw") Potocki', (
1595-
20th November 1651) was a
Polish nobleman,
magnate and Field Crown
Hetman of the
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from
1637 to
1646, Grand Hetman of the Crown from
1646 to
1651,
voivode of
Braclaw Voivodship from
1636, from
1646 Castellan of
Kraków.
Captured during the
battle of Cecora by
Turks. In
1633 during the
battle of Paniowce, along with Prince
Jeremi Wisniowiecki and
Stanisław Koniecpolski defeated the Turk forces under
Abaza pasza.
In
1637 defeated rebellious
Cossacks under
Paweł Pawluk at the
battle of Kumejki and in
1638 forced
Dymitr Hunia to surrender. After those victories over the Cossacks he received large estates on
Ukraine (
Kresy).
The 1637-38 Cossack rebellion stifled by M. Potocki was minutely described by a Polish historian, a Dominican bishop of Russian province,
Szymon Okolski who witnessed and directly participated in the developments of those days. His field diaries became valuable information source for historians.
During the
Sejm of
1646 M.Potocki opposed plan of the king
Władysław IV Waza to wage war against the Turks.
He was known to be very oppressive to
peasantry and Cossacks. His behaviour was one of the causes of the
Bohdan Khmelnytsky rebellion. In
1648 he disregarded monarch's orders and attacked rebellious Cossacks on Ukraine. He was defeated during
battle of Zhovti Vody and
battle of Korsuń and captured by
Tatars years. In April
1650 released from
jasyr, during 28-30 June he was victorious over Tatar and Cossack forces at the
battle of Beresteczko.
On 18 September of 1651, after the indecisive
battle of Biała Cerkwia he negotiated a treaty with the Cossacks.
Died on 20th November 1651.
References
★ ''Hetmani Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów''; Bellona,
Warsaw, 1994 ISBN 8311082758