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The 'Merkit', 'Merged' or 'Mergid' (''Merged'' means "adept"
in Mongolian) were a Mongol tribe with a fierce
reputation that inhabited southeastern Siberia during the Middle Ages. After a long struggle over two decades, the Merkits were defeated and incorporated into the Mongol nation formed by Temüjin (later Genghis Khan) in the first decade of the 13th century,
Genghis Khan and the making of the modern world, Jack Weatherford, , , Three Rivers Press, , Most of the dates in this article are from this book, which is mainly
based on the ''Secret History''..
They disappear as a separate group after the Mongol unification of 1206, but Merkit descendants may still be found in Mongolia.
The ethnicity of the Merkits is somewhat obscure; most likely they were Mongolic (related to Mongols, Naimans, Keraits, and Khitan), but it has also been postulated that they are more closely related to Paleo-Asians such as the Chukchi, or Tungusic (Manchu and Evenk)[1].
Temüjins mother Hoelun, originally from a Onggirat tribe, had married the Merkit warrior Chiledu around 1160. She was abducted by Temüjins father Yesugei, while being escorted home by Chiledu.
In turn, Temüjin's new wife Börte was kidnapped by Merkit
raiders from their campsite by the Onon river around 1184 and given to one of their warriors. Temüjin, supported by his blood brother Jamuga and his foster-father Toghril, the Khan of the Keraits, attacked the Merkit and rescued Börte within the year. The Merkit were dispersed after this attack. Shortly thereafter she gave birth to a son named Jochi. Temüjin accepted paternity but the question kept lingering over Jochis life.
Those incidents resulted in a strong animosity between Temüjin and his family and the Merkits. Over the following two decades, he attacked them several times. By the time he had united the other Mongol tribes and was given the title "Genghis Khan" in 1206, the Merkit seem to have disappeared as a separate ethnic group. Those who survived were most likely absorbed by other Mongol tribes.
1.
Regnal Chronologies : Mongols
in Mongolian) were a Mongol tribe with a fierce
reputation that inhabited southeastern Siberia during the Middle Ages. After a long struggle over two decades, the Merkits were defeated and incorporated into the Mongol nation formed by Temüjin (later Genghis Khan) in the first decade of the 13th century,
Genghis Khan and the making of the modern world, Jack Weatherford, , , Three Rivers Press, , Most of the dates in this article are from this book, which is mainly
based on the ''Secret History''..
They disappear as a separate group after the Mongol unification of 1206, but Merkit descendants may still be found in Mongolia.
| Contents |
| Ethnic Relations |
| Conflict with Genghis Khan |
| References |
Ethnic Relations
The ethnicity of the Merkits is somewhat obscure; most likely they were Mongolic (related to Mongols, Naimans, Keraits, and Khitan), but it has also been postulated that they are more closely related to Paleo-Asians such as the Chukchi, or Tungusic (Manchu and Evenk)[1].
Conflict with Genghis Khan
Temüjins mother Hoelun, originally from a Onggirat tribe, had married the Merkit warrior Chiledu around 1160. She was abducted by Temüjins father Yesugei, while being escorted home by Chiledu.
In turn, Temüjin's new wife Börte was kidnapped by Merkit
raiders from their campsite by the Onon river around 1184 and given to one of their warriors. Temüjin, supported by his blood brother Jamuga and his foster-father Toghril, the Khan of the Keraits, attacked the Merkit and rescued Börte within the year. The Merkit were dispersed after this attack. Shortly thereafter she gave birth to a son named Jochi. Temüjin accepted paternity but the question kept lingering over Jochis life.
Those incidents resulted in a strong animosity between Temüjin and his family and the Merkits. Over the following two decades, he attacked them several times. By the time he had united the other Mongol tribes and was given the title "Genghis Khan" in 1206, the Merkit seem to have disappeared as a separate ethnic group. Those who survived were most likely absorbed by other Mongol tribes.
References
1.
Regnal Chronologies : Mongols
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