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Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

Liturgical feasts

Notes

External links

Events

★ 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Sassanid capital, but is unable to take the city.

★ 757 - Paul I succeeds Stephen II as pope.

★ 1167 - Battle of Monte Porzio - A Roman army supporting Pope Alexander III is defeated by Christian of Buch and Rainald of Dassel

★ 1176 - Battle of Legnano, in which the Lombard League defeats Emperor Frederick I.

★ 1414 - Council of Constance.

★ 1453 - Ottoman armies under Sultan Mehmed II Fatih capture Constantinople after a siege, ending the Byzantine Empire.

★ 1660 - English Restoration: Charles II (on his birthday - see below) is restored to the throne of Great Britain.

★ 1677 - Treaty of Middle Plantation establishes peace between the Virginia colonists and the local Indians.

★ 1727 - Peter II becomes Tsar of Russia.

★ 1733 - Right of Canadians to keep Indian slaves upheld at Quebec City.

★ 1765 - Patrick Henry in a speech (on his birthday, see below) denouncing the Stamp Act is said to have said, "If this be treason, make the most of it!"

★ 1780 - Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton brutally massacred Colonel Abraham Buford's continentals even after the continentals surrendered. 113 Americans were killed.

★ 1790 - Rhode Island becomes the last of the original United States colonies to ratify the Constitution and is admitted as the 13th U.S. state.

★ 1848 - Wisconsin is admitted as the 30th U.S. state.

★ 1864 - Emperor Maximilian of Mexico arrives in Mexico for the first time.

★ 1867 - Austro-Hungarian agreement called Ausgleich ("the Compromise") is born through Act 12, which established the Austro-Hungarian Empire; on June 8 Emperor Franz Joseph was crowned King of Hungary.

★ 1868 - The assassination of Michael Obrenovich III, Prince of Serbia, in Belgrade.

★ 1886 - Chemist John Pemberton places his first advertisement for Coca-Cola, the ad appearing in the ''Atlanta Journal''.

★ 1886 - Putney Bridge opens in west London.

★ 1903 - May coup d'etat: Alexander Obrenovich, King of Serbia, and Queen Draga, are assassinated in Belgrade by the Black Hand (''Crna Ruka'') organization.

★ 1913 - Igor Stravinsky's ballet score The Rite of Spring is premiered in Paris.

★ 1914 - Ocean liner Empress of Ireland sinks in the Gulf of St. Lawrence; 1,024 lives lost.

★ 1919 - Einstein's theory of general relativity is tested (later confirmed) by Arthur Eddington's observation of a total solar eclipse in Principe and by Andrew Crommelin in Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.

★ 1924 - AEK Athens FC is established on the anniversary of the siege of Constantinople by the Turks.

★ 1932 - World War I Veterans begin to assemble in Washington, DC in the Bonus Army to request cash bonuses promised to them to be paid in 1945.

★ 1942 - Bing Crosby, the Ken Darby Singers and the John Scott Trotter Orchestra record Irving Berlin's "White Christmas", the best-selling Christmas album in history, for Decca Records in Los Angeles.

★ 1950 - ''St. Roch'', first ship to circumnavigate North America, arrives in Halifax, Nova Scotia .

★ 1953 - Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay are the first people to reach the summit of Mount Everest, on Tenzing Norgay's 39th birthday.

★ 1964 - The Arab League meets in East Jerusalem to discuss the Palestinian situation in Israel which leads to the formation of the Palestinian Liberation Organization.

★ 1968 - Manchester United wins the European Cup, the first English Club to do so.

★ 1972 - 26 people are killed and dozens more injured when three Japanese gunmen opened fire on crowds at Lod International Airport in Tel Aviv, Israel.

★ 1973 - Tom Bradley is elected the first black mayor of Los Angeles, California.

★ 1982 - Pope John Paul II becomes the first pontiff ever to visit Canterbury Cathedral.

★ 1985 - Heysel Stadium disaster: In Brussels, Belgium, 39 football fans die and hundreds are injured by Liverpool fans at a European Cup match.

★ 1985 - Amputee Steve Fonyo completes cross-Canada marathon at Victoria, British Columbia, after 14 months.

★ 1988 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan begins his first visit to the Soviet Union as he arrives in Moscow for a superpower summit with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev.

★ 1990 - Boris Yeltsin is elected president of the Russian SFSR by the Russian parliament.

★ 1999 - Olusegun Obasanjo takes office as President of Nigeria, the first elected and civilian head of state in Nigeria after 16 years of military rule.

★ 1999 - Space Shuttle Discovery completes the first docking with the International Space Station.

★ 2001 - U.S. Supreme Court rules that disabled golfer Casey Martin could use a cart to ride in tournaments.

★ 2004 - The World War II Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C.

★ 2004 - The Al-Khobar massacres in Saudi Arabia kill 22.

★ 2005 - France, one of the founders of a united Europe, resoundingly rejects the European Constitution.

Births

★ 1594 - Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim, Bavarian general (d. 1632)

★ 1627 - Anne, Duchess of Montpensier, French writer (d. 1693)

★ 1630 - Charles II of England (d. 1685)

★ 1675 - Humphry Ditton, English mathematician (d. 1715)

★ 1716 - Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton, French naturalist (d. 1800)

★ 1722 - James FitzGerald, 1st Duke of Leinster, Irish politician (d. 1773)

★ 1736 - Patrick Henry, American patriot, statesman, and orator (d. 1799)

★ 1823 - John H. Balsley, American carpenter (d. 1895)

★ 1860 - Isaac Albéniz, Spanish composer (d. 1909)

★ 1863 - Arthur Mold, English cricketer (d. 1921)

★ 1874 - G. K. Chesterton, English novelist (d. 1936)

★ 1880 - Oswald Spengler, German philosopher (d. 1936)

★ 1892 - Alfonsina Storni, Argentine writer (d. 1938)

★ 1893 - Max Brand, American author and war correspondent (d. 1944)

★ 1894 - Beatrice Lillie, Canadian actress (d. 1989)

★ 1894 - Josef von Sternberg, Austrian-born writer and film director (d. 1969)

★ 1897 - Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Austrian composer (d. 1957)

★ 1903 - Bob Hope, British-born comedian and actor (d. 2003)

★ 1905 - Sebastian Shaw, English actor (d. 1994)

★ 1906 - T.H. White, British author (d. 1964)

★ 1907 - Hartland Molson, Canadian businessman and senator (d. 2002)

★ 1911 - Armida, Mexican-American stage, vaudeville and film star (d. 1989)

★ 1913 - Tony Zale, American boxer (d. 1997)

★ 1914 - Stacy Keach, Sr., American actor (d. 2003)

★ 1915 - Karl Münchinger, German conductor (d. 1990)

★ 1917 - John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 35th President of the United States (d. 1963)

★ 1920 - John Harsanyi, Hungarian-born economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)

★ 1922 - Iannis Xenakis, Greek composer and architect, major contributor to musical modernism (d. 2001)

★ 1926 - Charles Denner, French actor (d. 1995)

★ 1927 - Jean Coutu, Quebec businessman (Jean Coutu Group)

★ 1932 - Richie Guerin, former basketball player

★ 1933 - Helmuth Rilling, German conductor

★ 1937 - Charles W. Pickering, American judge

★ 1938 - Fay Vincent, baseball commissioner

★ 1939 - Al Unser, American race car driver

★ 1940 - Farooq Leghari, President of Pakistan

★ 1941 - Roy Crewsdon, British guitarist (Freddie and the Dreamers)

★ 1942 - Pierre Bourque, Former mayor of Montreal

★ 1942 - Kevin Conway, American actor

★ 1945 - Gary Brooker, musician (Procol Harum)

★ 1946 - Fernando Buesa, Basque politician (d. 2000)

★ 1947 - Gene Robinson, American ecclesiastic

★ 1947 - Anthony Geary, American actor

★ 1949 - Brian Kidd, English footballer

★ 1950 - Rebbie Jackson, American musician

★ 1951 - Peter Chernin, President of News Corporation

★ 1953 - Danny Elfman, American musician (Oingo Boingo)

★ 1955 - John Hinckley, Jr., American attempted assassin

★ 1955 - Sut Jhally, Kenyan-born American educator

★ 1956 - LaToya Jackson, American musician

★ 1957 - Jeb Hensarling, American politician

★ 1957 - Ted Levine, American actor

★ 1958 - Annette Bening, American actress

★ 1958 - Willem Holleeder, Dutch criminal

★ 1959 - Rupert Everett, English actor

★ 1959 - Adrian Paul, English actor

★ 1961 - Melissa Etheridge, American musician

★ 1962 - Eric Davis, American baseball player

★ 1962 - John D. LeMay, American actor

★ 1963 - Blaze Bayley, British singer (ex-Iron Maiden)

★ 1963 - Lisa Whelchel, American actress

★ 1967 - Noel Gallagher, English musician (Oasis)

★ 1967 - Mike Keane, Canadian hockey player

★ 1969 - Chan Kinchla, Canadian musician (Blues Traveler)

★ 1972 - Közi, Japanese visual kei artist

★ 1973 - Alpay Özalan, Turkish footballer

★ 1974 - Myf Warhurst, Australian radio presenter on Triple J and TV personality on Spicks and Specks

★ 1975 - Melanie Brown, English musician and actress

★ 1976 - David Buckner, American musician (Papa Roach)

★ 1976 - Caçapa, Brazilian footballer

★ 1976 - Jerry Hairston Jr., American baseball player

★ 1977 - Antonio Lebo-Lebo, Angolan footballer

★ 1978 - Lorenzo Odone, Adrenoleukodystrophy victim

★ 1978 - Pelle Almqvist, Swedish musician (The Hives)

★ 1978 - Sébastien Grosjean, French tennis player

★ 1979 - Brian Kendrick, American professional wrestler

★ 1979 - Arne Friedrich, German footballer

★ 1979 - Casey Sheehan, American soldier; son of Cindy Sheehan (d. 2004)

★ 1982 - Ana Beatriz Barros, Brazilian model

★ 1983 - Rama Claproth, Indonesian blues guitarist

★ 1984 - Carmelo Anthony, American basketball player

★ 1986 - Dylan Postl, American professional wrestler

★ 1987 - Alessandra Toreson, American actress

★ 1988 - Seb Hines, English footballer

Deaths

★ 1259 - King Christopher I of Denmark (b. 1219)

★ 1379 - King Henry II of Castile (b. 1334)

★ 1405 - Philippe de Mézières, advisor to Charles V of France

★ 1425 - Hongxi Emperor of China (b. 1378)

★ 1453 - Constantine XI Palaeologus, last Byzantine Emperor (b. 1404)

★ 1500 - Bartolomeu Dias, Portuguese explorer

★ 1546 - David Beaton, Scottish Catholic cardinal

★ 1593 - John Penry, Welsh Protestant leader (b. 1559)

★ 1660 - Frans van Schooten, Dutch mathematician (b. 1615)

★ 1691 - Cornelis Tromp, Dutch admiral (b. 1629)

★ 1790 - Israel Putnam, American Revolutionary War general (b. 1718)

★ 1796 - Carl Fredrik Pechlin, Swedish politician (b. 1720)

★ 1814 - Joséphine de Beauharnais, Empress of France (b. 1763)

★ 1829 - Humphry Davy, English chemist (b. 1778)

★ 1847 - Emmanuel, marquis de Grouchy, French marshal (b. 1766)

★ 1866 - Winfield Scott, American general (b. 1786)

★ 1868 - Michael Obrenovich III, Prince of Serbia (b. 1823)

★ 1882 - Vasily Perov, Russian painter (b. 1833)

★ 1892 - Bahá'u'lláh, Persian founder of the Bahá'í Faith (b. 1817)

★ 1896 - Gabriel Auguste Daubrée, French geologist (b. 1814)

★ 1903 - Draga Mašin, Queen of Serbia (b. 1864)

★ 1903 - Bruce Price, American architect (b. 1845)

★ 1910 - Mily Balakirev, Russian composer (b. 1837)

★ 1911 - William S. Gilbert, English dramatist (b. 1836)

★ 1919 - Robert Bacon, American politician (b. 1860)

★ 1935 - Josef Suk, Czech composer and violinist (b. 1874)

★ 1939 - Ursula Julia Ledochowska, Polish-Austrian Catholic saint (b. 1865)

★ 1942 - John Barrymore, American actor (b. 1882)

★ 1946 - Martin Weiss, Commandant of Dachau concentration camp (b. 1905)

★ 1948 - Dame May Whitty, English actress (b. 1865)

★ 1951 - Fanny Brice, American singer/comedian (b. 1891)

★ 1953 - Man Mountain Dean, American professional wrestler (b. 1891)

★ 1958 - Juan Ramón Jiménez, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)

★ 1970 - John Gunther, American writer (b. 1901)

★ 1972 - Stephen Timoshenko, Ukrainian-born mechanical engineer (b. 1878)

★ 1977 - Ba Maw, Burmese politician (b. 1893)

★ 1979 - Mary Pickford, Canadian-born American actress and studio founder (b. 1892)

★ 1979 - John H. Wood, Jr., American federal judge (b. 1916)

★ 1982 - Romy Schneider, Austrian actress (b. 1938)

★ 1983 - Arvīds Pelše, Soviet Latvian statesman (b. 1899)

★ 1989 - John Cipollina, American musician (Quicksilver Messenger Service) (b. 1943)

★ 1993 - Billy Conn, American boxer (b. 1917)

★ 1994 - Erich Honecker, leader of East Germany (b. 1912)

★ 1996 - Tamara Toumanova, Ballet star and actress (b. 1919)

★ 1997 - Jeff Buckley, American musician (drowned) (b. 1966)

★ 1997 - George Fenneman, American radio and television announcer (b. 1919)

★ 1998 - Barry M. Goldwater, U.S. Senator from Arizona and presidential candidate (b. 1909)

★ 2002 - Mildred Benson, American writer (b. 1905)

★ 2003 - David Jefferies, British motorcycle racer (b. 1972)

★ 2004 - Archibald Cox, Watergate special prosecutor (b. 1912)

★ 2004 - Samuel Dash, American Congressional counsel (b. 1925)

★ 2005 - George Rochberg, American composer (b. 1918)

★ 2006 - Steve Mizerak, American pool player (b. 1944)

★ 2006 - Jacques Bouchard, Quebec advertising executive (b. 1930)

★ 2007 - Lois Browne-Evans, Legendary Bermudian Politician (stroke) (b. 1927)

Holidays and observances

★ Bahá'í Faith: Ascension of Bahá'u'llah

★ Nigeria: Democracy Day

★ United Kingdom: Oak Apple Day.

Liturgical feasts

★ Blessed Adhemar

★ Saint Erwin

★ Saint Maximinus of Trier

★ Saint Theodosia

★ Saint Alexander of Alexandria

Notes

External links

★ BBC: On This Day

★

★ On This Day in Canada
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