List of
stadtholders for the
Low Countries provinces.
Stadtholders of
Holland,
Zealand and
Utrecht
The stadtholdership of Holland and Zealand has always been combined. Since the office was instituted there in
1528, the stadtholder of Utrecht has been the same as the one of Holland, with one exception.
In
1572,
William of Orange was elected as the stadtholder, although Philip II had appointed a different one.
★
Hugo van Lannoy, 1433-1440
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Willem van Lalaing, 1440-1445
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Gozewijn de Wilde, 1445-1448
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Jan van Lannoy, 1448-1462
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Loys of Gruuthuse, 1462-1477
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Wolfert VI van Borselen, 1477-1480
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Joost van Lalaing, 1480-1483
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Jan III van Egmond, 1483-1515
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Henry III of Nassau-Breda, 1515-1521
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Antoon van Lalaing, 1522-1540
★
René of Châlon, 1540-1544
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Louis of Flanders, 1544-1546
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Maximilian II of Burgundy, 1547-1558
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William of Orange, 1559-1567
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Maximilian of Hennin, 1567-1573
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Philip of Noircarmes, 1573-1574
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William of Orange, 1572-1584
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Adolf van Nieuwenaar, 1584-1589 (only in Utrecht)
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Maurits of Nassau, 1585-1625
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Frederik Hendrik of Orange, 1625-1647
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William II, Prince of Orange, 1647-1650
First Stadtholderless Period, 1650-1672
★
William III of Orange, 1672-1702
Second Stadtholderless Period, 1702-1747
During the Stadtholderless Eras, the provinces of Holland, Zealand and Utrecht were governed by their States free from autocratic intervention. The Second Stadtholderless Era in Holland ended when the Frisian stadtholder became hereditary stadtholder for all provinces of the Dutch Republic.
Stadtholders of
Friesland
★
Floris van Egmond, Count of Buren, 1515-1518
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Willem van Roggendorff, 1518-1521
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Jancko Douwama, 1522
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Georg Schenck van Tautenburg, 1521-1540
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Maximiliaan van Egmond, Count of Buren, 1540-1548
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Jean de Ligne, Count of Arenberg, 1559-1568
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Charles de Brimeu, Count of Megen, 1568-1572
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Gillis van Berlaymont, Lord of Hierges, 1572-1574
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Caspar de Robles, 1574-1576 (according to some sources 1572-1576)
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George van Rennenberg, 1576-1581 (in the service of Phillip II)
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Francisco Verdugo, 1581-1594 (in the service of Phillip II)
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William of Orange, 1580-1584
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Willem Lodewijk, 1584-1620
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Ernst Casimir, 1620-1632
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Hendrik Casimir I, 1632-1640
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Willem Frederik, 1640-1664
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Hendrik Casimir II, 1664-1696
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Johan Willem Friso of Orange-Nassau, 1696-1711
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Willem IV of Nassau, 1711-1747 (subsequently became hereditary stadtholder for all provinces)
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Stadtholders of
Gelre (Guelders)
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Willem van Egmond, 1473-1475
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Willem van Egmond jr., 1475-1476
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Filips van Croy, 1474-1477
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Willem van Egmond jr., 1480-1481
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Adolf III of Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein, 1481-1492
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Jan V of Nassau-Vianden-Diez, 1504-1505
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Philip of Burgundy, 1505-1507
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Floris van Egmond, 1507-1511
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René of Châlon, 1543-1544
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Filips van Lalaing, 1544-1555
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Philip de Montmorency, Count of Hoorn, 1555-1560
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Karel van Brimeu, 1560-1572
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Gillis van Berlaymont, 1572-1577
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John I the Old of Nassau, 1578-1581
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Willem IV van den Bergh, 1581-1583
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Adolf van Nieuwenaar, 1584-1589
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Maurice of Nassau, 1590-1625
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Frederick Henry of Orange, 1625-1647
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William II of Orange, 1647-1650
First Stadtholderless Era, 1650-1675
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William III of Orange, 1675-1702
Second Stadtholderless Era, 1702-1722
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William IV of Orange, 1722-1747 (subsequently became hereditary stadtholder for all provinces)
Stadtholders of
Groningen
From 1584 to 1594, there were two stadtholders: one appointed by the King of Spain, whose authority was only recognized in the city of Groningen, and one on the side of the
United Provinces.
★ Cristoffel van Meurs, 1519-1522
★ Jasper van Marwijck, 1522-1530
★ Karel van Gelre, 1530-1536
★ Ludolf Coenders, 1536
★ Georg Schenck van Toutenburg, 1536-1540
★ Maximiliaan van Egmond, count of Buren, 1540-1548
★ Jan van Ligne, count of Arenberg, 1549-1568
★ Karel van Brimeu, count of Megen, 1568-1572
★ Gillis van Berlaymont, heer van Hierges, 1572-1574
★ Caspar van Robles, 1574-1576
★ Georges van Lalaing, count of Rennenberg 1576-1581
★ Francisco Verdugo, 1581-1594 (from 1584 only recognized in the city of
Groningen)
★ Willem Lodewijk, 1584-1620 (until 1594 only recognized in the province of Groningen; from 1594 also in the city of Groningen)
★
Maurice of Nassau, 1620-1625
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Ernst Casimir, 1625-1632
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Hendrik Casimir I, 1632-1640
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Willem Frederik, 1640-1664
Albertine Agnes van Oranje-Nassau, regentess for Hendrick Casimir II, 1664-1673
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Hendrik Casimir II, 1664-1696
Henriette Amalia von Anhalt, regentess for Johan Willem Friso, 1696-1707
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Johan Willem Friso of Orange-Nassau, 1696-1711
Marie Louise von Hessen-Kassel, regentess for William IV, 1711-1729
★
William IV of Orange, 1711-1747 (subsequently became hereditary stadtholder for all provinces)
Stadtholders of
Overijssel
...
(General) Hereditary Stadtholders of the United Provinces
The style was changed from
22 November 1747, when the office was enacted as hereditary in every province, to ''Stadhouder-generaal'' [Hereditary] 'General Stadholder'
★
William IV of Orange, 1747-1751 (had been Stadtholder for all provinces except Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht for some time)
Anne, Princess Royal, regentess for William V, 1751-1759
Marie Louise von Hessen-Kassel, regentess for William V, 1759-1765
Carolina of Orange-Nassau, regentess for William V, 1765-1766
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William V of Orange, 1751-1795
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16 February 1795 office of stadholder was abolished by the
Staten-Generaal (now styled
Algemene Staten, a Dutch purism, also translating as 'General Estates').