LIST OF SNAKES OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO


This is a 'list of snakes' which have been recorded in 'Trinidad and Tobago'. Forty-seven species have been recorded - 44 in Trinidad and 21 in Tobago, making the snake population of this area by far the most diverse in the Caribbean. Many of these species are South American, most of which are present in Venezuela.

Trinidad and Tobago consists of two main islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and several smaller islands. The "Bocas Islands", which lie between Trinidad and Venezuela, in the ''Bocas del Dragón'' (''Dragons' Mouth''), consist of Chacachacare, Monos, Huevos and Gaspar Grande. Several smaller islands lie off Trinidad, but snakes have only been recorded on one of them, Caledonia Island. Snakes have only been recorded on one island off Tobago, Little Tobago.
Only four species are venomous - two Coral Snakes (''Micrurus'' spp.), the Fer-de-lance (''Bothrops atrox'') and the Bushmaster (''Lachesis muta''). The Common Coral is found on one of the Bocas Islands (Gaspar Grande). No venomous snakes occur in Tobago.

==Family Leptotyphlopidae==
Species Common name Trinidad Tobago Bocas Is. Other
''Leptotyphlops albifrons''Ground PuppyX

==Family Typhlopidae==
Species Common name Trinidad Tobago Bocas Is. Other
''Helminthrophis'' sp. [1]Yellow-headed Ground PuppyX
''Typhlops brongersmianus''Burrowing SnakeX
''Typhlops trinitatus'' Endemic to Trinidad and Tobago.Trinidad Burrowing SnakeXX

==Family Aniliidae==
Species Common name Trinidad Tobago Bocas Is. Other
''Anilus scytale scytale'' This species is only known in Trinidad and Tobago from a single collection.Burrowing False Coral; RouleauX

==Family Boidae==
Species Common name Trinidad Tobago Bocas Is. Other
''Boa constrictor constrictor''Macajuel, Boa ConstrictorXXX Recorded from the island of Monos. Recorded from the island of Gaspar Grande.
''Corallus ruschenbergerii''Cascabel Dormillon; Cook's Tree BoaXX
''Epicrates cenchria maurus''Rainbow BoaXXX Recorded from the island of Chacachacare. Report has not been confirmed with a specimen.
''Eunectes murinas gigas''Huille, AnacondaX

==Family Colubridae
Contents
Notes
See also
References
External links


=Subfamily Xenodontinidae===
Species Common name Trinidad Tobago Bocas Is. Other
''Clelia clelia clelia''Black Cribo, MussuranaXX
''Erythrolamprus aesculapii'' False CoralX
''Erythrolamprus bizona''False CoralX
''Erythrolamprus ocellatus'' Tobago False Coral, Red SnakeX
''Helicops angulatus''Water Mapepire, Brown-banded Water SnakeX
''Hydrops triangularis neglectus''Water CoralX
''Liophis cobellus cobellus''Mangrove Snake, Mangrove MapepireX
''Liophis melanotus nesos'' Beh Belle Chemin, Doctor SnakeXXX
''Liophis reginae zweifeli''High Woods CoralXX
''Oxyrhopus petola petola''False CoralXX
''Pseudoboa neuwiedii''RatonelXXX
''Siphlophis cervinus''CheckerbellyX
''Thamnodynastes'' sp.Striped Swamp SnakeX
''Tripanurgos compressus''Mapepire De Fe, False CoralX

===Subfamily Dipsadinae===
Species Common name Trinidad Tobago Bocas Is. Other
''Atractus trilineatus''Three-lined Ground SnakeXX? [2]
''Atractus'' cf. ''univittatus'' [3]Tobago One-lined SnakeX
''Dipsas variegata trinitatis'' Snail-eating SnakeX
''Imantodes cenchoa cenchoa''Mapepire Corde Violon, Fiddle-string SnakeXX
''Leptodeira annulata ashmeadi''False Mapepire, Cat-eyed Night SnakeXXX Recorded from the island of Huevos.
''Ninia atrata''Red-nape Snake, Ring Neck SnakeXX
''Sibon nebulata nebulata''Clouded SnakeXXX

===Subfamily Colubrinae===
Species Common name Trinidad Tobago Bocas Is. Other
''Chironius carinatus carinatus''Machete Savane, Yellow MacheteX
''Chironius multiventris septentrionalis''Long-tailed Machete SavaneX
''Chironius scurrulus'' Smooth Machete SavaneX
''Drymarchon corais corais''Yellow-tailed CriboXXX
''Leptophis ahaetulla coeruleodorus''Lora, Parrot SnakeXX
''Leptophis stimsoni'' Grey LoraX
''Mastigodryas boddaerti boddaerti''Machete CouesseXX X [4]
''Mastigodryas boddaerti dunni'' Machete CouesseXX Recorded from the island of Little Tobago.
''Oxybelis aeneus''HorsewhipXXX
''Pseustes poecilonotus polylepis''Dos CocoriteX
''Pseustes sulphureus sulphureus''Yellow-bellied Puffing SnakeX
''Spilotes pullatus pullatus''Tigre, TigroXX
''Tantilla melanocephala''Black-headed SnakeXXX

==Family Elapidae==
Species Common name Trinidad Tobago Bocas Is. Other
''Micrurus lemniscatus diutius''Common Coral SnakeXX
''Micrurus circinalis''Large Coral SnakeX

==Family Viperidae==
Species Common name Trinidad Tobago Bocas Is. Other
''Bothrops atrox''Mapepire Balsain, Fer-de-lanceX
''Lachesis muta muta''Mapepire Zanana, Mapepire Z'Ananas, BushmasterX

Notes



1. ''Helminthrophis'' sp. is known from a single collection. It may represent an undescribed species since none of the three described species are known from adjacent portions of Venezuela.
2. Has been reported from the island of Huevos, but Boos considers this record doubtful.
3. ''Atractus'' cf. ''univittatus'' is known from a single collection in Tobago. It has affinities with ''A. univittatus'', but may be an undescribed species.
4. Recorded from Caledonia Island.


See also



Snake

Ecology of Trinidad and Tobago

List of birds of Trinidad and Tobago

References


The snakes of Trinidad and Tobago, Boos, Hans E.A., , , Texas A&M University Press, College Station, TX, 2001, ISBN 1-58544-116-3

External links



Medicinal and ethnoveterinary remedies of hunters in Trinidad from ''BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine'' (BioMed Central).

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