'Khazaran' was a city in the
Khazar kingdom, located on the eastern bank of the lower
Volga River. It was connected to
Atil by a
pontoon bridge.
Khazaran was later inhabited primarily by
Muslims and featured numerous
mosques, minarets, and madrasas. It was a bustling trade center easily reachable by ship from the
Caspian Sea and
Volga River, and many of its inhabitants were crafters, fishers, and traders. The leader of the city was a Muslim official known as the
Khazz; in Arab sources the title given is sometimes
vizier.