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Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

Liturgical observances

References

External links

Events

★ 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. General Jovian is proclaimed Emperor by the troops on the battlefield.

★ 684 - Benedict II becomes Pope.

★ 1284 - According to legend, the Pied Piper lures 130 children of Hamelin away.

★ 1409 - Western Schism: The Roman Catholic church is led into a double schism as Petros Philargos is crowned Pope Alexander V after the Council of Pisa, joining Pope Gregory XII in Rome and Pope Benedict XII in Avignon.

★ 1483 - Richard III becomes king of England.

★ 1541 - Francisco Pizarro is assassinated in Lima by the son of his former companion and later antagonist, Diego Almagro the younger. Diego is later caught and executed.

★ 1718 - Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich of Russia, Peter the Great's son, mysteriously dies after being sentenced to death by his father for plotting against him.

★ 1723 - After a lasting siege and firing from the cannons Baku surrendered to Russians.

★ 1807 - Lightning hits a warehouse in Luxembourg, killing 230 people.

★ 1819 - The bicycle is patented.

★ 1848 - End of the June Days Uprising in Paris.

★ 1857 - The first investiture of the Victoria Cross in Hyde Park, London.

★ 1870 - The Christian holiday of Christmas is declared a federal holiday in the United States.

★ 1918 - World War I Western Front: Battle for Belleau Wood - Allied Forces under John J. Pershing & James Harbord defeat Imperial German Forces under Wilhelm, German Crown Prince.

★ 1924 - American occupying forces leave the Dominican Republic.

★ 1934 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Federal Credit Union Act, which establishes credit unions.

★ 1934 - Initial flight of the Focke-Wulf Fw 61, the first practical helicopter.

★ 1940 - World War II: Under the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, the Soviet Union presents an ultimatum to Romania requiring it to cede Bessarabia and northern part of Bukovina.

★ 1945 - The United Nations Charter is signed in San Francisco.

★ 1948 - The Western allies start an airlift to Berlin after the Soviet Union has blockaded West Berlin.

★ 1948 - William Shockley filed the original patent for the grown junction transistor, the first bipolar junction transistor.

★ 1959 - The Saint Lawrence Seaway opens, opening North America's Great Lakes to ocean-going ships.

★ 1960 - Former British Protectorate of Somaliland British Somaliland gains its independence

★ 1963 - John F. Kennedy speaks the famous words "Ich bin ein Berliner" on a visit to West Berlin.

★ 1973 - On Plesetsk Cosmodrome 9 people are killed in an explosion of a Cosmos 3-M rocket.

★ 1974 - The Universal Product Code is scanned for the first time to sell a package of Wrigley's chewing gum at the Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio

★ 1975 - Indira Gandhi establishes authoritarian rule in India.

★ 1975 - Two FBI agents and a member of the American Indian Movement are killed in a shootout on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota; Leonard Peltier is later convicted of the murders in a controversial trial.

★ 1976 - The CN Tower, the tallest free-standing structure on land in the world, was opened.

★ 1977 - The Yorkshire Ripper kills 16 year old shop assistant Jayne MacDonald in Leeds, changing public perception of the killer as she was the first victim who was not a prostitute.

★ 1978 - Air Canada Flight 189 to Toronto overran the runway and crashed into the Etobicoke Creek ravine. Two of 107 passengers onboard died.

★ 1992 - Denmark wins the European Football Championship title by beating Germany 2-0 in Nya Ullevi stadium (Gothenburg,Sweden)

★ 1993 - The U.S. launches a missile attack targeting Baghdad intelligence headquarters in retaliation for a thwarted assassination attempt against former President George H.W. Bush in April in Kuwait.

★ 1995 - Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani deposed his father Khalifa bin Hamad al-Thani, the Emir of Qatar, in a bloodless coup.

★ 1996 - Irish Journalist Veronica Guerin is shot in her car while in traffic in the outskirts of Dublin

★ 1997 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules that the Communications Decency Act violates the First Amendment

★ 1997 - Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone by J.K. Rowling is published in the United Kingdom.

★ 2003 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules that gender-based sodomy laws are unconstitutional in ''Lawrence v. Texas''.

★ 2006 - The Republic of Montenegro becomes the 192nd member of the United Nations.

Births

★ 1681 - Hedwig Sophia, duchess of Holstein-Gottorp, Swedish writer (d. 1708)

★ 1689 - Edward Holyoke, American academic (d. 1769)

★ 1694 - Georg Brandt, Swedish chemist and minerologist (d. 1768)

★ 1702 - Philip Doddridge, English religious leader (d. 1751)

★ 1703 - Thomas Clap, American academic (d. 1767)

★ 1819 - Abner Doubleday, American Major General (d. 1893)

★ 1824 - Lord Kelvin, Irish-born physicist (d. 1907)

★ 1838 - Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, Bengali Novelist (d. 1894)

★ 1854 - Robert Laird Borden, Canadian politician (d. 1937)

★ 1865 - Bernard Berenson, American art historian (d. 1959)

★ 1866 - George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, English financier of Egyptian excavations (d. 1923)

★ 1869 - Martin Andersen Nexø, Danish writer (d. 1954)

★ 1892 - Pearl S. Buck, American writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1973)

★ 1895 - George Hainsworth, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1950)

★ 1898 - Willy Messerschmitt, German aircraft designer (d. 1978)

★ 1899 - Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1918)

★ 1904 - Frank Scott Hogg, Canadian astronomer (d. 1951)

★ 1904 - Peter Lorre, Hungarian-born actor (d. 1964)

★ 1906 - Alberto Rabagliati, Italian singer (d. 1974)

★ 1906 - Viktor Schreckengost, American industrial designer

★ 1907 - Debs Garms, American baseball player (d. 1984)

★ 1909 - Colonel Tom Parker, Elvis Presley's manager (d. 1997)

★ 1911 - Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American athlete (d. 1956)

★ 1914 - Laurie Lee, British writer (d. 1997)

★ 1915 - Charlotte Zolotow, American author

★ 1919 - Richard Neustadt, American political historian (d. 2003)

★ 1921 - Violette Szabo, French WWII secret agent (d. 1945)

★ 1922 - Eleanor Parker, American actress

★ 1923 - Barbara Graham, American murderer (d. 1955)

★ 1924 - Costas Axelos, Greek philosopher

★ 1925 - Pavel Belyayev, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 1970)

★ 1928 - Jacob Druckman, American composer (d. 1996)

★ 1933 - Claudio Abbado, Italian conductor

★ 1933 - Gene Green, American baseball player (d. 1981)

★ 1934 - Jeremy Wolfenden, British journalist (d. 1965)

★ 1934 - Dave Grusin, American jazz pianist

★ 1936 - Robert Maclennan, British politician

★ 1936 - Jean-Claude Cardinal Turcotte, Archbishop of Montreal

★ 1937 - Sombat Metanee, Thai film actor

★ 1937 - Robert Coleman Richardson, American physicist, Nobel laureate

★ 1938 - Gerald North, American climatologist

★ 1941 - Yves Beauchemin, Canadian novelist

★ 1942 - Gilberto Gil, Brazilian singer and Minister of Culture

★ 1943 - John Beasley, American actor

★ 1943 - Georgie Fame, British singer

★ 1945 - Dwight York, American cult leader

★ 1951 - Gary Gilmour, Australian cricketer

★ 1954 - Steve Barton, American actor (d. 2001)

★ 1955 - Mick Jones, British guitarist (The Clash, Big Audio Dynamite)

★ 1956 - Chris Isaak, American singer

★ 1957 - Patty Smyth, American singer (Scandal)

★ 1957 - Philippe Couillard, Quebec neurosurgeon and politician

★ 1959 - Mark McKinney, Canadian actor

★ 1961 - Greg LeMond, American cyclist

★ 1961 - Terri Nunn, American singer (Berlin)

★ 1963 - Mikhail B. Khodorkovsky, Russian businessman

★ 1963 - Richard Garfield, American game designer

★ 1967 - Todd Pletcher, American horse trainer

★ 1968 - Paolo Maldini, Italian footballer

★ 1968 - Shannon Sharpe, American football player

★ 1969 - Colin Greenwood, British musician (Radiohead)

★ 1969 - Mike Myers, American baseball player

★ 1970 - Chris O'Donnell, American actor

★ 1970 - Sean Hayes, American Actor

★ 1970 - Irv Gotti, American record producer

★ 1970 - Paul Thomas Anderson, American filmmaker

★ 1970 - Nick Offerman, American actor

★ 1971 - Max Biaggi, Italian motorcycle racer

★ 1972 - Garou, Canadian singer

★ 1972 - Jai Taurima, Australian long jumper

★ 1973 - Gretchen Wilson, American singer

★ 1973 - Paweł Małaszyński, Polish actor

★ 1973 - Jussi Sydänmaa, Finnish musician (Lordi)

★ 1974 - Matt Striker, American professional wrestler

★ 1974 - Derek Jeter, American baseball player

★ 1974 - Jeff Frankenstein, American musician (Newsboys)

★ 1974 - Jason Kendall, American baseball player

★ 1975 - Jonah Sorrentino, American hip hop artist

★ 1976 - Ed Jovanovski, Canadian ice hockey player

★ 1976 - Chad Pennington, American football player

★ 1976 - Joe Landon, American pornographic actor

★ 1977 - Kubo Tite, Japanese cartoonist

★ 1979 - Kostas Katsouranis, Greek footballer

★ 1979 - Walter Herrmann, Argentinian basketball player

★ 1979 - Andy O'Brien, English footballer

★ 1980 - Jason Schwartzman, American actor

★ 1980 - Michael Vick, American football player

★ 1980 - Chris Shelton, American baseball player

★ 1983 - Leela James, American singer

★ 1984 - Elijah Dukes, American baseball player

★ 1984 - Raymond Felton, American basketball player

★ 1984 - Deron Williams, American basketball player

★ 1984 - Jose Juan Barea, American basketball player

★ 1985 - Urgyen Trinley Dorje, Tibetan spiritual leader

★ 1986 - Casey Desmond, American singer

★ 1987 - Carlos Iaconelli, Brazilian racing driver

★ 1990 - Ryan Ward, American actor

★ 2005 - Princess Alexia of the Netherlands

Deaths

★ 363 - Julian the Apostate, Roman Emperor (killed in battle) (b. 331)

★ 1291 - Eleanor of Provence, wife of Henry III of England

★ 1541 - Francisco Pizarro, Spanish conqueror of Peru (murdered)

★ 1688 - Ralph Cudworth, English philosopher (b. 1617)

★ 1784 - Caesar Rodney, American lawyer and signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1728)

★ 1793 - Gilbert White, English ornithologist (b. 1720)

★ 1810 - Joseph Michel Montgolfier, inventor of the hot air balloon (b. 1740)

★ 1836 - Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, French composer (La Marseillaise) (b. 1760)

★ 1878 - Mercedes of Orleans, queen of Spain (b. 1860)

★ 1918 - Peter Rosegger, Austrian poet and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1843)

★ 1922 - Albert I, Prince of Monaco (b. 1848)

★ 1939 - Ford Madox Ford, English writer (b. 1873)

★ 1943 - Karl Landsteiner, Austrian biologist and physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1868)

★ 1946 - Yosuke Matsuoka, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan (b. 1880)

★ 1946 - Max Kögel, SS officer (b. 1895)

★ 1947 - Richard Bedford Bennett, eleventh Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1870)

★ 1956 - Clifford Brown, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1930)

★ 1957 - Alfred Döblin, German writer (b. 1878)

★ 1958 - George Orton, Canadian athlete (b. 1873)

★ 1958 - Andrija Štampar, Croatian physician and United Nations diplomat (b. 1888)

★ 1964 - Gerrit Rietveld, Dutch architect (b. 1888)

★ 1967 - Françoise Dorléac, French actress (b. 1942)

★ 1975 - St. Josemaría Escrivá, Spanish Catholic priest (b. 1902)

★ 1992 - Herman Rohde, professional wrestler (b. 1921)

★ 1993 - William H. Riker, American political scientist (b. 1920)

★ 1993 - Roy Campanella, Major League baseball player (b. 1921)

★ 1994 - Jahanara Imam, Bangladeshi writer and political activist (b. 1929)

★ 1996 - Veronica Guerin, Irish journalist (b. 1958)

★ 1997 - Israel Kamakawiwo'ole, Hawaiian singer (b. 1959)

★ 2001 - Soccer (dog actor) (b. 1988)

★ 2002 - Arnold
Brown, the 11th General of The Salvation Army (b. 1913)

★ 2002 - Jay Berwanger, American football player (b. 1914)

★ 2003 - Marc-Vivien Foé, Cameroon footballer (b. 1975)

★ 2003 - Strom Thurmond, U.S. Senator (b. 1902)

★ 2003 - Sir Dennis Thatcher MBE, husband of Margaret Thatcher (b. 1915)

★ 2004 - Yash Johar, Indian film producer (b. 1929)

★ 2005 - Richard Whiteley, British television game show host (b. 1943)

★ 2007 - Liz Claiborne, Belgian-born American fashion designer (b. 1929)

Holidays and observances

★ International Day in Support of Torture Victims

★ International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

★ Lebanon: Prophet's Birthday (until 1999)

★ Madagascar: Independence Day

★ Romania: Flag Day

★ Thailand: Sunthorn Phu Day

★ Somaliland: Independence Day

Liturgical observances

★ Mar Abhai^[1]

★ Anthelm of Belley

★ Saint Babolenus

★ Saint David

★ Saints John and Paul

★ Saint Josemaría Escrivá (d. 1975)

★ Saint Vigilius

References

1. Holweck, F. G. ''A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints''. St. Louis, MO: B. Herder Book Co., 1924.

External links

★ BBC: On This Day

★

★ On This Day in Canada
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