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'Johann Carolus' (1575 - 1634) was the publisher of the first newspaper, called ''Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien'' (Collection of all distinguished and commemorable news). The ''Relation'' is recognised by the World Association of Newspapers^[1], as well as many authors^[2] as the world's first newspaper. The German ''Relation'' was published in Strassburg, which had the status of an imperial free city in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.

Contents

Dating

Definition

Notes and references

Further reading

External links

Dating

In 2005, the World Association of Newspapers accepted evidence that Carolus' pamphlet was printed beginning in 1605, not 1609 as previously thought. Carolus' petition discovered in the Strasbourg Municipal Archive in the 1980s may be regarded as the birth certificate of the newspaper:
:''Whereas I have hitherto been in receipt of the weekly news advice [handwritten news reports] and, in recompense for some of the expenses incurred yearly, have informed yourselves every week regarding an annual allowance; Since, however, the copying has been slow and has necessarily taken much time, and since, moreover, I have recently purchased at a high and costly price the former printing workshop of the late Thomas Jobin and placed and installed the same in my house at no little expense, albeit only for the sake of gaining time, and since for several weeks, and now for the twelfth occasion, I have set, printed and published the said advice in my printing workshop, likewise not without much effort, inasmuch as on each occasion I have had to remove the formes from the presses …''^[3]
The ''Relation'' was soon followed by other periodicals, such as the ''Avisa Relation oder Zeitung''.

Definition

English historian of printing Stanley Morison, however, categorize the ''Relation'' either as a newsbook or a news-pamphlet.^[4] This is due to the fact, that it still employs the format and most of the conventions of a book. (It is printed in quarto size, it features a separate title page, the text is set in single wide column etc.) By this definition, the world's first newspaper is the Dutch ''Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c.'' from 1618.

Notes and references

1. World Association of Newspapers: "Newspapers: 400 Years Young!"
2. Many authors do not make a distinction between a newsbook/pamphlet and a newspaper. See for example: Chappell, W. (1999) ''A Short History of the Printed Word''. Hartley & Marks, Vancouver. Smith, A. (1979) ''The Newspaper: an international history''. Thames and Hudson Ltd, London.
3. Johannes Weber, "Strassburg, 1605. The Origins of the Newspaper in Europe", ''German History'' 24/2006, pp. 387–412 (409ff.)
4. Morison, S. (1980) The Origins of the Newspaper. In ''Selected Essays on the History of Letter-Forms in Manuscript and Print'', (Ed, McKitterick, D.) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,

Further reading

★ Weber, Johannes: Straßburg 1605: Die Geburt der Zeitung, in: ''Jahrbuch für Kommunikationsgeschichte'', Vol. 7 (2005), S. 3-27

★ Weber, Johannes: "Unterthenige Supplication Johann Caroli / Buchtruckers". Der Beginn gedruckter politischer Wochenzeitungen im Jahre 1605, Erstveröffentlichung in: ''Archiv für Geschichte des Buchwesens'', Vol. 38 (1992), S. 257-265

External links

★ University Heidelberg, "Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien" - Facsimile of 1609

★ World Association of Newspapers, "Newspapers: 400 Years Young!"

★ "400 Jahre Zeitung," exhibition at Gutenberg Museum, Mainz, Germany

★ Mitchell Stephens, "History of Newspapers," from ''Collier's Encyclopedia''