ISO 9

The international standard 'ISO 9' (equivalent to GOST 7.79) establishes a system for the transliteration into Latin characters of Cyrillic characters constituting the alphabets of Slavic and non-Slavic languages.
The major advantage ISO 9 has over other competing systems is its univocal system of one character for one character equivalents (by the use of diacritics), which faithfully represents the original and allows for reverse transliteration, even if the language is unknown.
Earlier versions of the standard, ISO/R 9:1954, ISO/R 9:1968, and ISO 9:1986 were originally based on the international scholarly system for linguistics (scientific transliteration), but have diverged in favour of unambiguous transliteration over phonetic representation.

Contents

1995 edition

Example

ISO/R 9:1968

National adoptions

Notes

References

See also

External links

1995 edition

This edition cancels and replaces the edition ISO 9:1986. Table shows characters for Abkhaz, Altay, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Buryat, Chuvash, Karachay-Balkar, Macedonian, Moldavian, Mongolian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, Udmurt, Ukrainian, and all Caucasian languages using páločka.

Cyrillic		Latin		Unicode for non-ASCII characters				Notes
				Hex		Decimal
А	а	A	a
		Ă	ă	0102	0103	258	259
		Ä	ä	00C4	00E4	196	228
				A+030B	a+030B	A+779	a+779	combining double acute accent
Б	б	B	b
В	в	V	v
Г	г	G	g
Ґ	ґ	G̀	g̀	G+0300	g+0300	G+768	g+768	combining grave accent
		Ğ	ğ	011E	011F	286	287
Д	д	D	d
Ђ	ђ	Đ	đ	0110	0111	272	273
Ѓ	ѓ			01F4	01F5	500	501
Е	е	E	e
Ё	ё	Ë	ë	00CB	00EB	203	235
		Ĕ	ĕ	0114	0115	276	277
Є	є	Ê	ê	00CA	00EA	202	234
				C+0306	c+0306	C+774	c+774	combining breve
				00C7+0306	00E7+0306	199+774	231+774	combining breve
Ж	ж	Ž	ž	017D	017E	381	382
				Z+0306	z+0306	Z+774	z+774	combining breve
				Z+0304	z+0304	Z+772	z+772	combining macron
З	з	Z	z
				Z+0308	z+0308	Z+776	z+776	combining diaeresis
Ѕ	ѕ			1E90	1E91	7824	7825
		Ź	ź	0179	017A	377	378
И	и	I	i
		Î	î	00CE	00EE	206	238
І	і	Ì	ì	00CC	00EC	204	236
Ї	ї	Ï	ï	00CF	00EF	207	239
Й	й	J	j
Ј	ј			J+030C	01F0	J+780	496	combining caron
К	к	K	k
		Ķ	ķ	0136	0137	310	311
				K+0304	k+0304	K+772	k+772	combining macron
Л	л	L	l
Љ	љ			L+0302	l+0302	L+770	l+770	combining circumflex
М	м	M	m
Н	н	N	n
Њ	њ			N+0302	n+0302	N+770	n+770	combining circumflex
				1E44	1E45	7748	7749
О	о	O	o
		Ö	ö	00D6	00F6	214	246
		Ô	ô	00D4	00F4	212	244
П	п	P	p
				1E54	1E55	7764	7765
Р	р	R	r
С	с	S	s
		Ş	ş	015E	015F	350	351
Т	т	T	t
		Ţ	ţ	0162	0163	354	355
Ћ	ћ	Ć	ć	0106	0107	262	263
Ќ	ќ			1E30	1E31	7728	7729
У	у	U	u
У́	у́	Ú	ú	00DA	00FA	218	250
Ў	ў	Ŭ	ŭ	016C	016D	364	365
		Ü	ü	00DC	00FC	220	252
		Ű	ű	0170	0171	368	369
		Ù	ù	00D9	00F9	217	249
Ф	ф	F	f
Х	х	H	h
				1E28	1E29	7720	7721
Һ	һ			1E24	1E25	7716	7717
Ц	ц	C	c
				C+0304	c+0304	C+772	c+772	combining macron
Ч	ч	Č	č	010C	010D	268	269
				C+0308	c+0308	C+776	c+776	combining diaeresis
		Ç	ç	00C7	00E7	199	231
Џ	џ			D+0302	d+0302	D+770	d+770	combining circumflex
Ш	ш	Š	š	0160	0161	352	353
Щ	щ	Ŝ	ŝ	015C	015D	348	349
Ъ	ъ			02BA		698		double prime
’		’		2019		8217		right single quotation mark
Ы	ы	Y	y
		Ÿ	ÿ	0178	00FF	376	255
Ь	ь			02B9		697		prime
Э	э	È	è	00C8	00E8	200	232
Ю	ю	Û	û	00DB	00FB	219	251
Я	я	Â	â	00C2	00E2	194	226
		Ě	ě	011A	011B	282	283
		Ǎ	ǎ	01CD	01CE	461	462
		F̀	f̀	F+0300	f+0300	F+768	f+768	combining grave accent
		Ỳ	ỳ	1EF2	1EF3	7922	7923
		Ò	ò	00D2	00F2	210	242
		‡		2021		8225		double dagger

Example

Here is an example transliteration using this system. The text in Cyrillic is an extract from the hymn of the Russian Federation:

Славься, Отечество наше свободное, Братских народов союз вековой, Предками данная мудрость народная! Славься, страна! Мы гордимся тобой!

Slavʹsâ, Otečestvo naše svobodnoe, Bratskih narodov soûz vekovoj, Predkami dannaâ mudrostʹ narodnaâ! Slavʹsâ, strana! My gordimsâ toboj!

ISO/R 9:1968

This is an older version of the standard, with different transliteration for different Slavic languages, reflecting their phonemic differences. It is closer to the original international system of scientific transliteration.
In the table below, ''OCS''=Old Church Slavonic, and the same transliteration is used for Old East Slavic language. ''CS''=Church Slavonic. ISO 9:1995 is shown in the last column for comparison.

ISO/R 9:1968 and ISO 9:1995

Cyrillic	OCS	CS	Bulgarian	Russian	Belarusian	Rusyn	Ukrainian	Serbian	Macedonian	1995
А а	a	a	a	a	a	a	a	a	a	a
Б б	b	b	b	b	b	b	b	b	b	b
В в	v	v	v	v	v	v	v	v	v	v
Г г	g	g	g	g	h	h	h	g	g	g
Ґ ґ						g	g			g̀
Д д	d	d	d	d	d	d	d	d	d	d
Ѓ ѓ									ǵ	ǵ
Ђ ђ								đ		đ
Е е			e	e	e	e	e	e	e	e
Ё ё				ë	ë					ë
Є є	e	e				je	je			ê
Ж ж	ž	ž	ž	ž	ž	ž	ž	ž	ž	ž
З з	z	z	z	z	z	z	z	z	z	z
Ѕ ѕ	dz	dz							dz	ẑ
И и	i	i	i	i		i	y	i	i	i
I і	i	i		i ★	i	i	i			ì
Ї ї	i	i				ï	ï			ï
Й й			j	j	j	j	j			j
Ј ј								j	j	ǰ
К к	k	k	k	k	k	k	k	k	k	k
Л л	l	l	l	l	l	l	l	l	l	l
Љ љ								lj	lj	l̂
М м	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
Н н	n	n	n	n	n	n	n	n	n	n
Њ њ								nj	nj	n̂
О о	o	o	o	o	o	o	o	o	o	o
П п	p	p	p	p	p	p	p	p	p	p
Р р	r	r	r	r	r	r	r	r	r	r
С с	s	s	s	s	s	s	s	s	s	s
Т т	t	t	t	t	t	t	t	t	t	t
Ќ ќ									ḱ	ḱ
Ћ ћ								ć		ć
У у			u	u	u	u	u	u	u	u
Ѹ ѹ	u	u
Ў ў					ŭ					ŭ
Ф ф	f	f	f	f	f	f	f	f	f	f
Х х	ch	ch	ch	ch	ch	ch	ch	h	h	h
Ц ц	c	c	c	c	c	c	c	c	c	c
Ч ч	č	č	č	č	č	č	č	č	č	č
Џ џ								dž	dž	d̂
Ш ш	š	š	š	š	š	š	š	š	š	š
Щ щ	šč	št	št	šč		šč	šč			ŝ
Ъ ъ	ʺ	ʺ	ă	ʺ	ʺ ★		ʺ ★			ʺ
Ы ы	y	y		y	y	y, ŷ				y
Ь ь	ʹ	ʹ	ʹ	ʹ	ʹ	ʹ	ʹ			ʹ
Ѣ ѣ	ě	ě	ě ★	ě ★	ě ★	ě ★	ě ★			ě
Э э				ė	ė					è
Ю ю	ju	ju	ju	ju	ju	ju	ju			û
Я я	ja	ja	ja	ja	ja	ja	ja			â
’				″ ★	″		″			’
Ѡ ѡ	o	o
Ѧ ѧ	ę	ja
Ѩ ѩ	ję	ja
Ѫ ѫ	ǫ	u	ă ★							ǎ
Ѭ ѭ	jǫ	ju
Ѯ ѯ	ks	ks
Ѱ ѱ	ps	ps
Ѳ ѳ	ḟ	ḟ		ḟ ★						f̀
Ѵ ѵ	ẏ	ẏ		ẏ ★						ỳ
Ѥ ѥ	je	je

★ Archaic letters
; CS and OCS:
: Cyrillic я is written as ''iotified a'', a ligature of dotless I and А, which is considered a variation of я in Unicode
: Cyrillic у is written as ''uk'' (), a ligature of О and У
; Bulgarian: ъ and ѫ are not transliterated at the end of a word.
; Russian and Belarusian: ъ is not transliterated at the end of a word.
; Rusyn: ы = ''y'' for Pannonian Rusyn language (Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia), ы=''ŷ'' for Lemko Rusyn (Poland, Ukraine, and Prešov, Slovakia).

National adoptions

The verbatim translated text of the ISO 9 is adopted as an inter-state standard in the countries listed below (the national designation is shown in parentheses). However, in reality, these countries use their own transliteration systems, based on the phonetic rules of their languages.

★ (GOST 7.79)

★ (GOST 7.79)

★ (GOST 7.79)

★ (GOST 7.79–2000, adopted 2003-03-01)^[1]

★ (GOST 7.79)

★ (GOST 7.79)

★ (GOST 7.79)

★ (GOST 7.79)

★ (GOST 7.79)

Notes

1. "Система стандартов по информации, библиотечному и издательскому делу (СИБИД), действующих в Республике Беларусь", item 55

References

★ IDS (Informationsverbund Deutschschweiz, 2001) ''Katalogisierungsregeln IDS (KIDS), Anhänge, “IDS G.4: Transliteration der slavischen kyrillischen Alphabete”''. Universität Zürich. URL accessed on 2006-02-16 (PDF format, in German)—ISO/R 9 1968 standardization of scientific transliteration

See also

★ List of ISO transliterations

★ GOST standards

External links

★ Transliteration of Non-Roman Scripts -A collection of writing systems and transliteration tables, by Thomas T. Pedersen. PDF reference charts include ISO 9.

★ ISO 9:1995 at ISO.org

★ Umschrift des russischen Alphabets—Russian transliteration in several systems, including DIN 1460 (1982) [=ISO/R9:1968].

★ Transliteration of Russian into various European languages

★ Online Transliteration (JavaScript)