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EspañolHOTCHKISS M1909 BENET-MERCIE MACHINE GUN
(Redirected from Hotchkiss M1909 machine gun)
The 'Hotchkiss M1909 machine gun' was a French designed light machine gun of the early 20th century, developed and built by Hotchkiss et Cie. It was also known as the "Hotchkiss Mark I" and "M1909 Benet-Mercie".
It was adopted by the French army as the Hotchkiss M1909 (or Mle 1909) in 1909, firing the 8 mm Lebel.
A variant to use the .303 round was produced in Britain as the "Hotchkiss Mark I" and manufactured by Enfield. The British army employed three different types of machine gun: the Vickers medium machine gun, the Hotchkiss for cavalry use and the Lewis Gun with the infantry.
It was adopted by the US in 1909 as the "Benet-Mercie Machine Rifle, Caliber .30 U. S. Model of 1909" firing the 30-06 cartridge. The name comes from three sources: Hotchkiss, the name of the American Benjamin B. Hotchkiss who started the company in France; the two main designers, Lawrence Benet and Henri Mercie; and the US designation system at time which label arms with 'Model of Year'. Lawrence Benet was related to the former head of US Army Ordnance at the time of adoption.
It is also known as the Hotchkiss M1909 and M1909 Benet-Mercie but should not be confused with the heavier Hotchkiss M1914 machine gun.
It was also used by other countries, including Belgium.
It was gas-operated and air-cooled, had a maximum effective range of 3800 metres and weighed 27lb (12kg). Initial models were fed by a 30-round strip-magazine but later models may be strip- or belt-fed. The US types had a bipod, while some others used a small tripod. This tripod fitted under the firearm, could be moved with the firearm, and was very different from larger tripods of the period.
The U.S. M1909 machine guns were made by Springfield Armory. In all nearly 700 would be made. This may seem small compared to the huge production runs of firearms later in the 20th century, but this was a significant number for the size of the contemporary Army. The M1909's adoption coincided with the withdrawal of the .30-06 manually-operated Gatling gun machine guns from the US Army's arsenals.
France and Britain used the Hotchkiss M1909 through World War I and on into World War II. US forces used the Benet-Mercie in the Pancho Villa Expedition in Mexico of 1916-17 and initially in France.
★ Light machine gun
★ List of individual weapons of the U.S. Armed Forces
★ The Light Machine Gun
★ Army.mil website with Benet-Mercie M1909 section
The 'Hotchkiss M1909 machine gun' was a French designed light machine gun of the early 20th century, developed and built by Hotchkiss et Cie. It was also known as the "Hotchkiss Mark I" and "M1909 Benet-Mercie".
It was adopted by the French army as the Hotchkiss M1909 (or Mle 1909) in 1909, firing the 8 mm Lebel.
A variant to use the .303 round was produced in Britain as the "Hotchkiss Mark I" and manufactured by Enfield. The British army employed three different types of machine gun: the Vickers medium machine gun, the Hotchkiss for cavalry use and the Lewis Gun with the infantry.
It was adopted by the US in 1909 as the "Benet-Mercie Machine Rifle, Caliber .30 U. S. Model of 1909" firing the 30-06 cartridge. The name comes from three sources: Hotchkiss, the name of the American Benjamin B. Hotchkiss who started the company in France; the two main designers, Lawrence Benet and Henri Mercie; and the US designation system at time which label arms with 'Model of Year'. Lawrence Benet was related to the former head of US Army Ordnance at the time of adoption.
It is also known as the Hotchkiss M1909 and M1909 Benet-Mercie but should not be confused with the heavier Hotchkiss M1914 machine gun.
It was also used by other countries, including Belgium.
| Contents |
| Design |
| Service |
| References |
| See also |
| External links |
Design
It was gas-operated and air-cooled, had a maximum effective range of 3800 metres and weighed 27lb (12kg). Initial models were fed by a 30-round strip-magazine but later models may be strip- or belt-fed. The US types had a bipod, while some others used a small tripod. This tripod fitted under the firearm, could be moved with the firearm, and was very different from larger tripods of the period.
The U.S. M1909 machine guns were made by Springfield Armory. In all nearly 700 would be made. This may seem small compared to the huge production runs of firearms later in the 20th century, but this was a significant number for the size of the contemporary Army. The M1909's adoption coincided with the withdrawal of the .30-06 manually-operated Gatling gun machine guns from the US Army's arsenals.
Service
France and Britain used the Hotchkiss M1909 through World War I and on into World War II. US forces used the Benet-Mercie in the Pancho Villa Expedition in Mexico of 1916-17 and initially in France.
References
See also
★ Light machine gun
★ List of individual weapons of the U.S. Armed Forces
External links
★ The Light Machine Gun
★ Army.mil website with Benet-Mercie M1909 section
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