HISTORICAL STATES OF ITALY

Italy until the present era was a conglomeration of city-states and small independent nations. The following is a list of the various states that made up what we now know as Italy during the past. (rounded up to a year significant to Italian history in each case).

Contents

Italian historical entities of the Middle Ages

Independent states

Main independent communes

Italy in the year 1492

Italy in the year 1559

Italy in the year 1748

Italy in Napoleonic times (1796 - 1814)

Italy in the year 1816

Italian historical entities of the Middle Ages

===States of the Holy Roman Empire===


★ County of Asti

★ Duchy of Benevento

★ Bishopric of Bressanone

★ Principality of Capua

★ County of Gorizia

★ Kingdom of Italy

★ Marche

★ Duchy of Milan

★ Marquisate of Montferrat

★ Papal States

★ Principality of Salerno

★ Marquisate of Saluzzo

★ Duchy of Savoy

★ Marca Aleramica

★ County of Sorano (Aldobrandeschi)

★ Duchy of Spoleto

★ Bishopric of Trent

★ Duchy of Tuscany

Independent states

★ Lombard Kingdom

★ Emirate of Sicily

★ Kingdom of Sicily

★ Terra Sancti Benedicti

★ Patriarchy of Aquileia (''Patrie dal Friûl'')

Main independent communes

★ Arezzo

★ Brescia

★ Cremona

★ Florence

★ Genoa

★ Lodi

★ Perugia

★ Piacenza

★ Pisa

★ Siena

★ Viterbo
===Duchies and other entities of former Byzantine Empire appartenance===

★ Duchy of Amalfi

★ Duchy of Gaeta

★ Duchy of Naples

★ Duchy of Sorrento

★ Republic of Venice

★ Republic of Pisa

★ Exarchate of Ravenna

★ Trani

Italy in the year 1492

★ Duchy of Savoy

★ Marquisate of Saluzzo

★ Marquisate of Montferrat

★ Marquisate of Finale Ligure (Del Carretto)

★ County of Asti

★ County of Gorizia (annexed to Austrian Empire in 1500)

★ Duchy of Milan

★ Republic of Venice

★ Republic of Ragusa

★ Republic of Genoa

★ Marquisate of Mantua

★ County of Guastalla

★ County of Montechiarugolo

★ Mirandola

★ Carpi

★ Principality of Correggio

★ Duchy of Ferrara, Modena, and Reggio (House of Este)

★ Duchy of Urbino (Montefeltro)

★ Duchy of Massa

★ Republic of Lucca

★ Republic of Florence

★ Republic of Siena

★ County of Pitigliano-Sorano (Orsini)

★ Duchy of Bracciano

★ Papal States

★ Duchy of Sora

★ Kingdom of Naples (officially called the Kingdom of Sicily)

★ Kingdom of Sicily

★ Kingdom of Sardinia

Italy in the year 1559

After the Peace of Cateau - Cambresis:

★ Duchy of Savoy

★ Saluzzo

★ Marquisate of Montferrat (Gonzaga)

★ County of Asti

★ Duchy of Milan (Spain)

★ Republic of Venice (''with Dalmatia'')

★ Republic of Genoa

★ Duchy of Mantua (Gonzaga)

★ County of Guastalla (Gonzaga of Guastalla)

★ County of Montechiarugolo (Torelli)

★ Duchy of Parma and Piacenza (Farnese)

★ Mirandola

★ Lordship of Correggio

★ Duchy of Ferrara (Este)

★ Duchy of Modena and Reggio (Este)

★ Republic of San Marino

★ Duchy of Urbino (Della Rovere)

★ Duchy of Massa and Carrara (Cybo)

★ Lunigiana

★ Republic of Lucca

★ Pietrasanta

★ Duchy of Florence, Grand Duchy from 1569 (Medici)

★ county of Pitigliano-Sorano (acquired by Tuscany in 1604)

★ State of Presidi

★ Piombino, Principality from 1594

★ Duchy of Castro (Farnese)

★ Papal States

★ Kingdom of Naples (Spain)

★ Kingdom of Sicily (Spain)

Italy in the year 1748

After the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle

★ Kingdom of Sardinia, Principality of Piedmont and Duchy of Savoy

★ Duchy of Milan (direct Austrian control)

★ Republic of Venice

★ Republic of Ragusa

★ Duchies of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla (a cadet branch of the Spanish House of Bourbon)

★ Duchies of Modena and Reggio (Este)

★ Papal States

★ Republic of San Marino

★ Duchy of Massa and Principality of Carrara

★ Principality of Piombino

★ Republic of Genoa

★ Republic of Lucca

★ Grand Duchy of Tuscany (Habsburg-Lorraine)

★ Kingdom of Naples and Kingdom of Sicily (in personal union under a cadet branch of the Franco-Spanish Bourbons)

Italy in Napoleonic times (1796 - 1814)

After Napoleon’s invasion of Italy:

★ Republic of Alba (1796 - 1801), annexed to France

★ Cispadane Republic (1796 - 1797), formed the Cisalpine Republic

★ Transpadane Republic (1796 - 1797), formed the Cisalpine Republic

★ Ligurian Republic (1797 - 1805), annexed to France

★ Republic of Bergamo (1797)

★ Republic of Brescia (1797)

★ Republic of Crema (1797)

★ Bolognese Republic (1798)

★ Cisalpine Republic (1797 - 1802) transformed into the Italian Republic

★ Republic of Ancona (1797 - 1798), joined Roman Republic

★ Roman Republic (1798 - 1800) capital Rome

★ Tiberina Republic (1798 - 1799) capital Perugia, joined Roman Republic

★ Parthenopaean Republic (1799) capital Naples

★ Subalpine Republic (1800 - 1802)

★ Kingdom of Etruria (1801 - 1807) annexed to France

★ Italian Republic (1802 - 1805)

★ Principality of Lucca and Piombino

★ Kingdom of Italy (1805 - 1814)

★ Republic of Ragusa (1808), annexed to the Illyrian Provinces

Italy in the year 1816

After the Congress of Vienna:

★ Kingdom of Sardinia

★ Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia (part of Austrian Empire)

★ Austrian Littoral (part of Austrian Empire)

★ Kingdom of Dalmatia (part of Austrian Empire)

★ Duchies of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla (under Marie Louise, wife of Napoleon, for her lifetime. After her death in 1847, Parma and Piacenza devolve upon the House of Bourbon-Parma, Guastalla on the Duke of Modena)

★ Duchy of Modena and Reggio - personal union with Duchy of Massa and Principality of Carrara (Austria-Este)

★ Republic of San Marino

★ Duchy of Lucca (under the House of Bourbon-Parma. When they return to Parma in 1847, annexed by Tuscany)

★ Grand Duchy of Tuscany (House of Habsburg-Lorraine)

★ Papal States

★ Kingdom of the Two Sicilies