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This article describes 'extreme locations on Earth'. Entries listed in bold are world records.

Contents

Extreme elevations and temperatures per continent

Greatest vertical drop

Subterranea

Greatest oceanic depths

Coldest and hottest inhabited places on Earth

Northern and southernmost points of land on Earth

See also

External links

References

Extreme elevations and temperatures per continent

Continent	Elevation (height above sea level)		Temperature (recorded)
	Highest	Lowest	Highest	Lowest
Africa	5,895 metres (19,340 feet) Kilimanjaro, Tanzania	−156 metres (−512 feet) Lake Asal, Djibouti	'57.7 °C (135.9 °F) Al 'Aziziyah, Libya 13 September 1922'	−23.9 °C (−11.0 °F) Ifrane, Morocco 11 February 1935
America, North	6,194 metres (20,320 feet) Mount McKinley (Denali), Alaska, U.S.A.	−86 metres (−282 feet) Death Valley, California, U.S.A.	56.7 °C (134.0 °F) Death Valley, California, U.S.A. 10 July 1913	−63.0 °C (−81.4 °F) Snag, Yukon, Canada 3 February 1947
				−66 °C (−87 °F) Northice, Greenland 9 January 1954
America, South	6,962 metres (22,841 feet) Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina	−105 metres (−344 feet) Laguna del Carbón, Argentina	48.9 °C (120.0 °F) Rivadavia, Argentina 11 December 1905	−33.0 °C (−27.4 °F) Sarmiento, Argentina 1 June 1907
Antarctica	4,892 metres (16,050 feet) Vinson Massif	'−2,555 meters (−8,383 feet) Bentley Subglacial Trench' (under ice)	14.6 °C (58.3 °F) Vanda Station 5 January 1974	'−89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) Vostok 21 July 1983'
Asia	'8,848 metres (29,028 feet) Mount Everest, Nepal - Tibet, China' [A]'	−418 metres (−1,371 feet) Dead Sea shore, Israel - Jordan'	53.9 °C (129.0 °F) Tirat Tzvi, Israel (then part of the British Mandate of Palestine) 21 June 1942	−67.8 °C (−90.0 °F) Measured Verkhoyansk, Siberia, Russia (then in the Russian Empire) 7 February 1892 [1]
				−71.2 °C (−96.16 °F) Extrapolated Oymyakon, Siberia, Russia (then in the Soviet Union) 26 January 1926 [2]
Australia	2,228 metres (7,310 feet) Mount Kosciuszko, New South Wales	−15 metres (−49 feet) Lake Eyre, South Australia	50.7 °C (123.3 °F) Oodnadatta, South Australia 2 January 1960[B]	−23.0 °C (−9.4 °F) Charlotte Pass, New South Wales 29 June 1994
Europe	5,642 metres (18,506 feet) Mount Elbrus, Russia	−28 metres (−92 feet) Caspian Sea shore, Russia	50.0 °C (122.0 °F) Seville, Sevilla (province), Spain 4 August 1881	−55.0 °C (−67.0 °F) Ust-Shchugor, Russia January (no exact date available)
Oceania	4,884 metres (16,023 feet) Carstensz Pyramid (Puncak Jaya), New Guinea	Sea level	42.4 °C (108.3 °F) Awatere Valley and Rangiora, New Zealand 7 February 1973	−21.6 °C (−6.9 °F) Ophir, New Zealand 3 July 1995
'Bold' entries are Earth-wide extremes.
'[A]': Height above sea level is the usual choice of definition for elevation. In terms of the point farthest away from the centre of the Earth, Chimborazo in Ecuador (6,267 m) can be considered the planet's most extreme high point. This is due to the Earth's oblate spheroid shape, with points near the Equator being farther out from the centre than those at the poles. '[B]': A temperature of 53.1 °C (128.0 °F) was recorded in Cloncurry, Queensland on 16 January, 1889 under non-standard exposure conditions and is therefore not considered official. Transcript of report on the highest temperature

Greatest vertical drop

Greatest purely vertical drop	1,250 metres (4,100 feet) Mount Thor, Auyuittuq National Park, Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada
Greatest nearly vertical drop	1,340 metres (4,400 ft) Great Trango Tower, Pakistan (summit elevation 6,286 metres/20,608 feet)

''See also List of mountains and Seven Summits.''

Subterranea

Deepest mine	3,581 metres (11,748 feet) East Rand Mine, South Africa
Deepest cave	2,140 metres (7,021 feet) Voronya Cave, Arabika Massif, Abkhazia, Georgia.
Deepest pitch (single vertical drop)	603 metres (1,978 feet) Vrtoglavica Cave, Slovenia

''See also List of caves.''

Greatest oceanic depths

Atlantic Ocean	8,648 metres (28,374 feet) Milwaukee Deep, Puerto Rico Trench
Arctic Ocean	5,450 metres (17,881 feet) Litke Deep, Eurasia Basin
Indian Ocean	8,047 metres (26,401 feet) Diamantina Deep, Diamantina Trench, South East Indian Basin
Mediterranean Sea	5,267 metres (17,280 feet) Calypso Deep, Ionian Basin, 45 miles SW of Pylos, Greece
Pacific Ocean	'10,924 metres (35,840 feet) Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench'
Southern Ocean	7,235 metres (23,690 feet) South Sandwich Trench (southernmost portion, at 60°S)
'Bold' entry is an Earth-wide extreme.

Coldest and hottest inhabited places on Earth

Hottest inhabited place	Dallol, Ethiopia average temperature is 34 °C (93.2 °F)
Coldest inhabited place	Eureka, Nunavut, Canada daily average temperature is −19.7 °C (−3.46 °F) [3]

Northern and southernmost points of land on Earth

Northernmost point on Earth	Kaffeklubben Island, east of Greenland () Various shifting gravel bars lie further north, the most famous being Oodaaq
Southernmost point on Earth	The geographic South Pole

See also

★ Extreme points of the World

★ The World's most northern

★ The World's most southern

★ Northernmost settlements

★ Southernmost settlements

★ List of weather records

External links

★ United States National Climatic Data Center

★ Extreme Geography

★ Extreme Temperatures Around the World

References

1. Average conditions for Verkhoyansk from the BBC
2. Life Is a Chilling Challenge in Subzero Siberia from the National Geographic
3. Canadian Climate Normals 1971-2000 - Eureka