(Redirected from Genital mutilation)'Genital modification' and 'genital mutilation' both can refer to permanent or temporary changes to the
human genitals.
When genital alterations are used for punishment, typically for
rape,
adultery or other socially forbidden sexual practices, such modifications have included
castration (actual or chemical) or
penectomy. Typically, female genital mutilation occurs in countries located in Africa, traditionally to welcome young girls into adulthood.
Circumcision
Female
Main articles: Female genital cutting
This consists of removal and/or surgery of various parts of the female genitals, such as removal of the clitoral hood (
Clitoridotomy), removal of the clitoris (
Clitoridectomy) and sewing up the labia (
Infibulation). When performed on minors, these procedures can be highly controversial.
Male
Main articles: Male circumcision
The removal of the foreskin for religious, social, aesthetic, or medical reasons (for
phimosis or to reduce the chances of urinary tract infections, for example). Whether or not this constitutes religious intolerance it can be controversial since the procedure can cause death and other significant complications, albeit very rarely, and in some cases a couple may not share the same faith.
Elective genital alteration
In some cases, people elect to have their genitals
pierced,
tattooed or otherwise altered for aesthetic or other reasons.
Such modifications run the gamut from single to multiple piercings, small decorative marks to complete tattooing, urethral relocation, and, in males,
subincision or even complete
bisection.
Female genital modification surgery
Female genital enhancement
surgery includes
laser resurfacing of the labia to remove
wrinkles and clitoral repositioning for those not achieving optimum stimulation as well as
labiaplasty and
vaginal tightening.
A 'designer vagina' is a
cosmetic surgery procedure and the result of that procedure. The procedure is also known as
labiaplasty (a reduction of the
labia minora, the flaps of skin which form the lips of a woman's
genitalia and cover the
clitoris and
vaginal opening) and
vaginal tightening (involving surgery on the interior of the vaginal vault). It is a type of genital modification.
Types of genital alteration
The procedures listed below are examples of genital alterations. Any of these changes may be considered modifications or mutilations by different groups of people.
See also
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Bioethics of neonatal circumcision
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Sterilization
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Docking
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Breast ironing
External links
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Clitoraid
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"New study shows female genital mutilation exposes women and babies to significant risk at childbirth" - World Health Organization study finds strong correlation between female genital mutilation and higher death rates for women and babies
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"US also practices genital mutilation" - editorial by opponent of male circumcision
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"Genital Mutilation American Style" - opinion article by opponent of male circumcision.
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Episiotomy: Ritual Genital Mutilation in Western Obstetrics - Information on routine episiotomies
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On Line Body Modification Magazine/Site. Photos, details, history, everything. WARNING - adults only. Very graphic.
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Salon He calls designer vagina surgery "'Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation (LVR)' to tighten her vagina and enhance sexual gratification and 'Designer Laser Vaginoplasty (DLV)' to aesthetically modify her labia."
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Sydney Morning Herald "Designer vaginas are now on offer" '...' "including restoring
hymens, vaginal rejuvenation, repairing damage from giving birth,
liposuction and labial reconstruction."
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[4] ''Harvard International Review'' Article on FGM in Africa
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Rotten Warning: adults only. Graphic site. "The only real difference between these new designer vaginas and more traditional modifications is technology and advertising."
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Guardian "The new nose job: designer vaginas"
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MGMbill.org Proposed legislation to regulate circumcision of boys under the age of 18
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