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(Redirected from Game shows)
A 'game show' involves members of the public or celebrities, sometimes as part of a team, playing a game, perhaps involving answering quiz questions, for points or prizes. In some shows contestants compete against other players or another team whilst other shows involve contestants striving alone for a good outcome or high score. Game shows often reward players with prizes such as cash, or holidays and goods and services provided by the show's sponsors. Early television game shows descended from similar programs on broadcast radio.
There are several basic genres of game shows with a great deal of crossover between the different types.
★ The simplest form of game show is a ''quiz show'' whereby people compete against each other by answering quiz questions or solving puzzles. Quiz shows usually involve members of the public, but sometimes special shows are aired in which celebrities take part and the prizes are given to charity. "Wheel of Fortune" and "Jeopardy!" are examples. Some of these all-celebrity shows may also have celebrities playing for an audience member (such as a 1980 week featuring game show hosts on the daytime "Wheel of Fortune"), or a section of a studio audience (such as "Tattletales"). Some quiz shows, such as the word games "Password" and "Pyramid," pair celebrities and non-notable citizens. Television's most successful quiz, "The Price is Right" (premiering in 1956), revolves mostly around how much a merchandise item costs, though the modern version mixes the retail element with games of chance.
★ A ''panel game'' usually involves a celebrity panel answering questions about a specialist field such as sport or music and is often played for laughs as much as points. "Match Game," which dates from the 1960s but is best known for its CBS daytime run of the 1970s, is one such example. Other examples include "What's My Line?" and "Have I Got News for You."
★ The third kind of game show involves contestants completing stunts or playing a game that involves an element of chance or strategy in addition to, or instead of, a test of general knowledge. "Deal or No Deal" is an example of this format, combining both luck and strategy.
★ ''Reality game shows'' have become popular in recent years. In a reality show the competition usually lasts several days or even weeks and a competitor's progress through the game is based on some form of popularity contest, usually a kind of disapproval voting by their fellow competitors or members of the public.
★ ''Dating game shows'', the original reality games, in which the prize is typically a well-funded dating opportunity that one can only pursue with the individual one has 'won' on the show. They are also a type of date auction where competitors compete for dates not with money but with seductive powers or attractiveness or the promise of an enjoyable date or even ultimately marriage.
★ Children's game shows. These shows included Double Dare and Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?.
The earliest known game show was Roy Ward Dickson's "Professor Dick and His Question Box," a radio quiz show that debuted in Canada in 1935. Within two years, according to Dickson's autobiography, over two hundred such shows were being aired in North America alone. That is not counting the many other shows hosted and produced by Dickson, including his long-running stunt show, "Fun Parade" and "Mr. and Mrs.", the forerunner to Chuck Barris' "The Newlywed Game".
In the US, television game shows fell out of favor in the 1950s after it was revealed that favored contestants on "The $64,000 Question," "Twenty One" and other shows had been given answers and coached by the producers ''(see: Quiz show scandals)''. They came back into favor in the 1960s by adopting merchandise prizes of far less value and by emphasizing larger numbers of simple questions, or physical contests without an advantage.
In the middle of the 1960s, Chuck Barris conceived a new genre in which the competitor's personal life became part of the show. They were the forerunners of today's reality game show. The prize was typically romantic opportunity ("The Dating Game") or fame ("The Gong Show") rather than cash. One of his famous shows, "The Newlywed Game," actually led to some divorces. This genre virtually disappeared from US screens in the 1990s. "Blind Date", the British version of "The Dating Game", remained popular in the United Kingdom.
The height of the game show era began in the early 1970s, thanks in part to the success of popular game shows like "The Price Is Right", "Match Game", "The Joker's Wild" and "The $10,000 Pyramid". Many of these game shows provided amazing game show sets filled with flashing chase lights and sometimes flashing neon lights. During this golden era, most hosts' wardrobes were supplied by Botany 500. This era of game shows officially ended in the early 1990s, leaving "The Price Is Right" as the only daytime network game show remaining on U.S. broadcast television. In syndication, however, a handful of game shows continue to be popular, including "Wheel of Fortune" and "Jeopardy!", and to a lesser extent, "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?" and "Family Feud". (All of those shows were originally network daytime shows except for "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire", which was a nighttime summer limited-run series that became an unexpected breakout hit.) On Cable, shows like "Supermarket Sweep" and "Win Ben Stein's Money" have been produced, and the Game Show Network shows both old game shows and produces its own original programming.
Another major element in a game show is score displays. The most famous of these displays is the "eggcrate," which consists of seven rows of five bulbs each per digit. The eggcrate display has been used on more game shows than any other score display in history, and is still used today on "The Price Is Right". In recent years, however, video displays have replaced the eggcrate. Sony's shows were the first to switch, as "Wheel of Fortune" adopted the look in 2002, followed by "Jeopardy!". CBS also adopted video screens in 2001 for "Hollywood Squares", a show produced by its King World division, and "Family Feud" adopted the look for its new 30th anniversary "blended" set for 2006-2007 (though it still uses eggcrate numbers for the podium scoreboards). Also of note is the Solari board, a split-flap display often used in the 1970s, behaving very much like an analog clock with digital display. No modern game shows feature actual Solari boards, but the American game show "Chain Reaction" on GSN uses computer-generated simulations of Solari boards to display words used in the game.
Other elements have included sound effects, mainly bells and buzzers, often generic to the production company and network the shows air on (examples being the C-note bell and E-flat buzzer to Mark Goodson games on CBS in the US, the E-note bell and B-note buzzer (called "the klaxon" by Scrabble) on NBC game shows in the same country, (mostly from Mark Goodson, but also from Reg Grundy as well), the B-flat bell and D-note buzzer (actually more of a low-pitched beep) to Central games on ITV in the UK, and the E-flat bell and G-note buzzer to Grundy games on the Nine Network in Australia).
In Japan a number of shows emerged that defy classification by most standards. For instance, in one infamous show, failing to answer a question correctly led to one's own mother being buried in tons of rotting fish. In another, those who failed to answer questions correctly were dumped at locations remote from transport or assistance, e.g. in the Arctic, and had to perform such feats as drinking beer while sitting on blocks of ice — first one to run to the outhouse was left behind. In a show colloquially called "Strip Questions", a nude woman stands behind a pane of glass with strips of paper embedded in it; every time she misses a question, one strip of paper is pulled away.
The 2000s will most likely be remembered for the reality game show and the "Silver Age" of big money game shows. The reality game shows concept really took off in the 2000s with shows like "Survivor", "Big Brother" and their clones. Planet 24 television (owned by Bob Geldof) devised the concept of "Survivor", but were unable to sell it to a British or American broadcaster. It was eventually taken up in 1997 by Sweden as "Expedition Robinson". The format was an immediate hit in other Scandinavian countries and it soon caught on around the world. These shows combine elements of reality show and older reality game shows with traditional game-show elements of physical competitions by contestants.
The "Silver Age" of big money game shows in the United States was launched in August 1999 for the American version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?. It was the number one program in the U.S. for the 1999-2000 television season and spawned several other big money game shows, including Greed, a revival of Twenty One, Winning Lines, The Weakest Link, and The Chair. There was a bit of a lull in the activity from mid-2002 when Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? was cancelled until December 2005 with the American premiere of Deal or No Deal, and sparked a second wave of big-money game shows, including 1 vs. 100, Identity, Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?, Don't Forget the Lyrics!, and Power of 10. Other game shows with more traditional payouts have also returned to primetime recently, including The Singing Bee and National Bingo Night.
Some shows (e.g. "Weakest Link") exploit a disapproval voting system similar to the reality game show, and play up the realistic confrontation between contestants, but are in fact just conventional game shows, where no bodily torture or emotionally stressful situation is created, other than the failure to answer some question or impress hosts. "Dog Eat Dog" was even publicized as a reality show despite being basically a revamp of "The Krypton Factor" with a variant of disapproval voting added.
Card games, especially poker and to a lesser extent blackjack, have recently become the basis for a number of popular shows on various U.S. broadcast and cable/satellite networks. Although these shows appear to meet the third definition above ("a game that involves an element of chance or strategy in addition to, or instead of, a test of general knowledge") an interesting controversy has erupted over whether these "casino games" should be considered game shows. A question-and-answer element is present in "Card Sharks", "Strip Poker", "Gambit" and "Top Card", but not in "Pay Cards!".
★ ''Buena Fortuna''
★ ''Ta Te Show''
★ 'List of Australian Game Shows'
While Belgium has three main languages, most of their game shows tend to be in Dutch. One notable exception is an adaptation of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire'' on RTL-TVI, which is a French-language station. There is also a Dutch-language version which airs on VTM.
★ De Canvascrack
★ De Drie Wijzen
★ De IQ Quiz
★ De Pappenheimers
★ Qui Sera Millionaire (French-Belgian version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, one of the few game shows in Belgium in French, and not Dutch)
★ Rap Klap (Dutch-Belgian version of Hot Streak/Ruck Zuck)
★ Wie Wordt Miljonair (Dutch-Belgian version of Who Wants to Be A Millionaire)
★ Roletrando (now Roda a Roda) (Brazil's version of "Wheel of Fortune"), on SBT
★ Show do Milhão (Brazil's version of "Who Wants to be a Millionaire"), on SBT
★ Topa ou não Topa (Brazil's version of "Deal or No Deal"), on SBT
★ Identidade (Brazil's version of ''Identity'', on SBT
★ Family Feud (Brazil's version of "Family Feud") on SBT
★ Big Brother Brazil (Brazil's version of "Big Brother") on Globo
★ 10/64 - prime-time Q&A, on Kanal 1
★ Bum (show) (Boom) - Q&A, on Evrokom
★ Kosherut (The Hive) - game show, on Msat TV
★ Minuta e mnogo (A Minute Is Too Much) - Q&A show with higher difficulty of the questions, on Kanal 1
★ Sdelka ili ne (Deal or No Deal, literally "Deal or Not") - a version of the successful European game show, on Nova televiziya
★ Koy iska da stani bogat (Who Wants to Be a Millionaire) - a version of the popular Q&A, on Nova televiziya, almost always referred to as just "Stani bogat" by Bulgarians
★ Treska za zlato (GOld Fever) - lotto, on bTV (TV)
★ Vot na doverie (Vote of Confidence) - show that often features celebrities, on bTV (TV)
Canadian game and quiz shows (at least the English-language ones) have often been aimed towards children and teenagers between the ages of six and 19. A majority of these game shows often run for 30 minutes in each episode.
They are often derived of its formats from game shows that are produced in the United States, having most of them been run on Canadian networks such as CTV, Global and Citytv. One of the only actual prime time game shows to air on Canadian television is ''Deal or No Deal Canada''.
Although American game and quiz shows are popular in Canada, Canadian residents are not eligible to be contestants on most of them, Jeopardy! being one exception. Unlike in the United States, game show winnings in Canada are not subject to income tax (actually, most countries sans US are not subject to income tax).
There are very few Canadian adaptaions of American, British, and Dutch-originated quiz shows in the English language. Most, like versions of ''The Price Is Right'', ''Wheel of Fortune'', ''Jeopardy!'', and ''Family Feud'', are in French. The only known English-language versions of these shows are versions of ''Deal or No Deal'', ''Supermarket Sweep'', and ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?''. There is also a French-language version of ''Deal or No Deal''. Most of the game shows that air in Canada and that are in English are the US game shows.
★ ''5-4-3-2-Run''
★ ''Acting Crazy''
★ ''Le Banquier''
★ ''Bumper Stumpers''
★ ''Le Cercle''
★ ''Definition''
★ ''Deal or No Deal Canada
★ ''Design to Win''
★ ''Food for Thought''
★ ''Front Page Challenge''
★ ''Game On!''
★ ''La Guerre Des Clans''
★ ''Guess What''
★ ''Gutterball Alley''
★ ''Headline Hunters''
★ ''Inside the Box''
★ ''It's Your Move''
★ ''Jeux D'Enfants''
★ ''Just Like Mom''
★ ''Kidstreet''
★ ''Lingo''
★ ''Love Handles''
★ ''Love Me, Love Me Not''
★ ''The Joke's on Us''
★ ''The Last Word''
★ ''The Mad Dash''
★ ''Les Mordus''
★ ''Mr. and Mrs.''
★ ''The New Liar's Club
★ ''The Next Line
★ ''Party Game''
★ ''Pitfall''
★ ''Reach for the Top''
★ ''La Roue Chanceuse''
★ ''Smart Ask''
★ ''Supermarket Sweep''
★ ''Talk About''
★ ''Test Pattern''
★ ''This is the Law''
★ ''TimeChase''
★ ''Uh Oh!''
★ ''Video & Arcade Top 10''
★ ''Vingt et Un
★ ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?''
★ ''You Bet Your Ass''
★ ''AZ-kvíz''
★ ''AZ-kvíz Junior''
★ ''Sábado Gigante''
★ ''El rival más débil'' (Chilean version of ''The Weakest Link'')
★ ''Trato Hecho'', now ''¡Allá Tú!'' (''Deal or no Deal'')
★ ''¿Quién quiere ser millonario?'', now ''¿Quién merece ser millonario'' (''Who Wants to be a Millionaire?'')
★ ''Desafío Familiar'' (''Family Feud'')
★ ''¿Quién soy Yo?'' (''What's My Line?'')
★ ''La Rueda de la Fortuna'' (''Wheel of Fortune'')
★ ''¿Cuánto vale el show?''
★ ''El Tiempo es Oro''
★ ''Atrévase otra vez''
★ ''Superdupla''
★ ''El Último Pasajero''
★ ''Maailman ympäri''
★ ''SF-Studio''
★ ''Reitti 44''
★ ''Retsi ja Jykke'' (followed by spin-off shows by the same team, until the death of Jyrki Otila (Jykke))
★ ''Haluatko miljonääriksi?'' (Finnish version of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'')
★ ''Heikoin Lenkki'' (Finnish version of ''The Weakest Link'')
★ ''Giljotiini''
★ ''Greed''
★ ''Mitä Maksaa'' (Finnish version of ''The Price is Right'')
★ ''Onnenpyörä'' (Finnish version of ''Wheel of Fortune'')
★ ''Suuri kupla'' (children's quiz show)
★ ''Napakymppi'' (Finnish version of ''The Dating Game'')
★ ''Räsypokka''
★ ''Uutisvuoto'' (Finnish version of ''Have I Got News for You'')
★ ''Cresus''
★ ''Le Juste Prix'' (French version of ''The Price is Right'')
★ ''Des chiffres et des lettres''
★ ''Fort Boyard''
★ ''Les Jeux de Vingt Heures''
★ ''Le Maillon Faible'' (French version of ''The Weakest Link'')
★ ''Pyramide''
★ ''La Roue de la Fortune'' (French version of ''Wheel of Fortune'')
★ ''Une Famille en or'' (French version of ''Family Feud'')
★ ''Qui veut gagner des millions?'' (French version of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'')
★ ''A Prendre ou à Laisser'' (French version of ''Deal or not to Deal'')
★ ''5Mal5''
★ ''Deal or No Deal: Die Show Der GlūcksSpirale''
★ ''Drück Dein Glück''
★ ''Glück Am Drücker''
★ ''Glücksrad''
★ ''Hugo''
★ ''Jeopardy!''
★ ''Der Preis Ist Heiss''
★ ''Die Pyramide''
★ ''Riskant!''
★ ''Ruck Zuck''
★
★ ''Kinder Ruck Zuck''
★ ''Gettu Betur''
★ ''Saanp Seedhi''
★ ''Antakshari''
★ ''Mastercard Family Fortune''
★ ''Deal Ya No Deal''
★ ''Kaun Banega Crorepati''
★ ''Kamzor Kadi Kaun''
★ ''Boogie Woogie''
★ ''Thanga Vaettai''
★ ''Deal Or No Deal Indonesia''
★ ''Super Deal 2 Milyar''
★ ''Who Wants to be a Milllionaire ?''
★ ''Fear Factor Indonesia''
★ ''Super Rejeki 1 Milyar''
★ ''Super Milyarder 3 Milyar''
★ ''Siapa Berani ?''
★ ''Komunikata''
★ ''The Scholar Indonesia''
★ ''Gong Show (Indonesian Version)''
★ ''Funtastic (Indonesian Version)''
★ ''30 Detik Jadi Bintang''
★ ''Winning Streak''
★ ''The Lyrics Board''
★ ''Quicksilver''
★ ''Don't Feed the Gondolas''
★ ''Fame and Fortune''
★ ''You're A Star''
★ ''Who Wants to be a Millionaire?''
★ ''The Weakest Link''
★ ''Delegation''
★ ''Gridlock''
★ ''Blackboard Jungle''
★ ''Dodge the Question''
★ ''It's Not the Answer''
★ ''Talkabout''
★ ''Challenging Times''
★ ''Telly Bingo''
★ ''Treasure Island''
★ ''Cabin Fever''
★ ''Celebrity Farm''
★ ''5/5'' (Israeli version of Hot Streak)
★ ''Deal or No Deal''
★ ''Who Wants to be a Millionaire?''
★ ''Galgal Hamazal''
★ ''The Weakest link''
★ ''Project Y (Big Brother)''
★ ''1 vs. 100''
★ ''Endurance''
★ ''Hey! Spring of Trivia''
★ ''Takeshi's Castle''
★ ''The Weakest Link''(2002)
★ ''Kuizu $ Mirionea'' (Japanese version of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'' )
★ ''The Deal'' (Japanese version of ''Deal or No Deal'' )
★ ''Panel Quiz Attack 25''
★ ''
★ ''Sasuke'' (Broadcast in U.S. as ''Ninja Warrior'')
★ ''100 Mexicanos Dijeron''
★ ''Atínale al Precio''
★ ''¡Buenas Tardes!''
★ ''Espacio en Blanco''
★ ''En Familia con Chabelo''
★ ''Factor Miedo''
★ ''Jeopardy!''
★ ''Picardía Mexicána''
★ ''El Rival Más Débil''
★ ''Sexos en Guerra''
★ ''La Silla''
★ ''Vas O No Vas''
★ ''100 Panameños Dicen''
★ ''El Bille Show''
★ ''Vive la Musica''
★ ''El Familion''
★ ''LG Quiz''
★ ''Digital LG Quiz''
★ ''Kapamilya, Deal or No Deal''
★ ''Pilipinas, Game KNB?''
★ ''Wowowee''
★ ''Game Na Game Na''
★ ''Who Wants to be a Millionaire''
★ ''Weakest Link''
★ ''Eat Bulaga!''
★ ''Wheel of Fortune''
★ ''Tok tok tok isang milyon pasok''
★ ''Nuts entertainment''
★ ''Grasz czy nie grasz''
★ ''Krzyzowka Szczescia''
★ ''A Millon''
★ ''A Toda Maquina''
★ ''Control Remoto''
★ ''Sabado en Grande''
★ ''Super Sabado''
★ ''Alfavit''
★ ''Allo, TV!''
★ ''Faktor Strakha'' (Russian version of ''Fear Factor'')
★ ''Koleso Istorii''
★ ''Kto Khochet Stat' Millionerom?'' (Russian version of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'')
★ ''Lyubov' s Pervogo Vzglyada'' (Russian version of ''The Dating Game'')
★ ''Lzhec''
★ ''Narod Protiv''
★ ''O, Schaslivchik!'' (First Russian version of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'')
★ ''Papa, Mama, Ya''
★ ''Pole Chudes'' (Russian version of ''Wheel of Fortune'')
★ ''Piramida'' (Russian version of ''Pyramid'')
★ ''Russkaya Ruletka'' (Russian version of ''Russian Roulette'')
★ ''Samyj Umnyj''
★ ''Sdelka!''
★ ''Shestoye Chuvstvo''
★ ''Slaboye Zveno'' (Russian version of ''The Weakest Link'')
★ ''Stavka''
★ ''Sto k Odnomu''
★ ''Svoya Igra'' (Russian version of ''Jeopardy!'')
★ ''Tsena Udachi''
★ ''Ugaday Melodiyu'' (Russian version of ''Name That Tune'')
★ ''V Temnote''
★ ''Vremya - Den'gi!''
★ ''Za Sem'yu Pechatyami''
★ ''12 Negrityat''
★ ''Bol'shoj Brat'' (Russian version of ''Big Brother'')
★ ''Dom''
★ ''Fabrika Zvyozd'' (or "Star Factory")
★ ''Golod''
★ ''Kandidat'' (Russian version of ''The Apprentice'')
★ ''Klub Byvshikh Zhen''
★ ''Narodnyj Artist''(Russian version of ''American idol'')
★ ''Nastoyaschij Muzhchina''
★ ''Posledniy Geroy'' (Russian version of ''Survivor'')
★ ''Sem' Pod Solncem''
★ ''Serdce Afriki'' (Another version of ''Survivor'')
★ ''Vozmozhnosti Plasticheskoj Khirurgii''
★ ''TV Slagalica''
★ ''Deal or No Deal''
★ ''In a Word or 2''
★ ''Walk the Plank''
★ ''El gran juego de la oca'' (The Big Goose Game - 1993-1995, 1998)
★ ''El Precio Justo''
★ ''El Rescate Del Talisman''
★ ''Decision Final'' (Spanish version of Russian Roulette)
★ ''Waku Waku (TV show)''
★ ''Un Dos Tres''
★ ''Fan Pan Tae'' (Channel 5) (September 1st, 2000 - Present)
★ ''Tod Sa Gun Game''(or Who's that) (Channel 9) (April 1st, 2003 - Present)
★ ''Ching Roi Ching Lan'' (Channel 7) (1990 - Present)
★ ''Black Box'' (Channel 3) (January 1st, 2005 - Present)
★ ''Game Jarachon'' (Channel 5) (April 1998 - March 2005)
★ ''One Night Genius'' (Channel 3) (July 3rd, 2006 - Present)
★ ''Khun Jum Nean'' (Channel 5) (October 4th, 2003 - December 24th, 2004)
★ ''Stop Time'' (Channel 5) (October 2nd, 2001 - January 11th, 2003)
★ ''Game Zone'' (Channel 9) (1997 - September 28th, 2002)
★ ''Game Settee'' (Channel ITV) (March 4th, 2000 - Present)
★ ''Game Wat Doung'' (Channel 5) (2001 - Present)
★ ''Ma Tam Nat'' (Channel 3) (1984 - 1995)
★ ''4 tor 4 Family Game'' (Channel 3) (2001 - 2007)
★ ''07 Show'' (Channel 7) (? - Present)
★ ''Kamchad Jud Orn(orThe Weakest Link)'' (Channel 3) (February 7th, 2002 - December 26th, 2002)
★ ''Deal or no Deal'' (Channel 3) (2005)
★ ''Pick Lock'' (Channel 3) (1987 - 1990)
★ 'List of UK Game Shows'
★ 'List of U.S. game shows'
★ ''Guerra De Los Sexos''
★ ''Mega Match''
★ ''¿Qué Dice La Gente?'' (Venezuelan Family Feud)
★ GSN - The Network for Games
★ List of game show hosts
★ List of television programs
★
★ Quiz Bowl
★ Quiz Show (movie)
★ Quiz show scandals
★ – An active listing of links to websites about game shows.
A 'game show' involves members of the public or celebrities, sometimes as part of a team, playing a game, perhaps involving answering quiz questions, for points or prizes. In some shows contestants compete against other players or another team whilst other shows involve contestants striving alone for a good outcome or high score. Game shows often reward players with prizes such as cash, or holidays and goods and services provided by the show's sponsors. Early television game shows descended from similar programs on broadcast radio.
Types
There are several basic genres of game shows with a great deal of crossover between the different types.
★ The simplest form of game show is a ''quiz show'' whereby people compete against each other by answering quiz questions or solving puzzles. Quiz shows usually involve members of the public, but sometimes special shows are aired in which celebrities take part and the prizes are given to charity. "Wheel of Fortune" and "Jeopardy!" are examples. Some of these all-celebrity shows may also have celebrities playing for an audience member (such as a 1980 week featuring game show hosts on the daytime "Wheel of Fortune"), or a section of a studio audience (such as "Tattletales"). Some quiz shows, such as the word games "Password" and "Pyramid," pair celebrities and non-notable citizens. Television's most successful quiz, "The Price is Right" (premiering in 1956), revolves mostly around how much a merchandise item costs, though the modern version mixes the retail element with games of chance.
★ A ''panel game'' usually involves a celebrity panel answering questions about a specialist field such as sport or music and is often played for laughs as much as points. "Match Game," which dates from the 1960s but is best known for its CBS daytime run of the 1970s, is one such example. Other examples include "What's My Line?" and "Have I Got News for You."
★ The third kind of game show involves contestants completing stunts or playing a game that involves an element of chance or strategy in addition to, or instead of, a test of general knowledge. "Deal or No Deal" is an example of this format, combining both luck and strategy.
★ ''Reality game shows'' have become popular in recent years. In a reality show the competition usually lasts several days or even weeks and a competitor's progress through the game is based on some form of popularity contest, usually a kind of disapproval voting by their fellow competitors or members of the public.
★ ''Dating game shows'', the original reality games, in which the prize is typically a well-funded dating opportunity that one can only pursue with the individual one has 'won' on the show. They are also a type of date auction where competitors compete for dates not with money but with seductive powers or attractiveness or the promise of an enjoyable date or even ultimately marriage.
★ Children's game shows. These shows included Double Dare and Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?.
History
The earliest known game show was Roy Ward Dickson's "Professor Dick and His Question Box," a radio quiz show that debuted in Canada in 1935. Within two years, according to Dickson's autobiography, over two hundred such shows were being aired in North America alone. That is not counting the many other shows hosted and produced by Dickson, including his long-running stunt show, "Fun Parade" and "Mr. and Mrs.", the forerunner to Chuck Barris' "The Newlywed Game".
In the US, television game shows fell out of favor in the 1950s after it was revealed that favored contestants on "The $64,000 Question," "Twenty One" and other shows had been given answers and coached by the producers ''(see: Quiz show scandals)''. They came back into favor in the 1960s by adopting merchandise prizes of far less value and by emphasizing larger numbers of simple questions, or physical contests without an advantage.
In the middle of the 1960s, Chuck Barris conceived a new genre in which the competitor's personal life became part of the show. They were the forerunners of today's reality game show. The prize was typically romantic opportunity ("The Dating Game") or fame ("The Gong Show") rather than cash. One of his famous shows, "The Newlywed Game," actually led to some divorces. This genre virtually disappeared from US screens in the 1990s. "Blind Date", the British version of "The Dating Game", remained popular in the United Kingdom.
The height of the game show era began in the early 1970s, thanks in part to the success of popular game shows like "The Price Is Right", "Match Game", "The Joker's Wild" and "The $10,000 Pyramid". Many of these game shows provided amazing game show sets filled with flashing chase lights and sometimes flashing neon lights. During this golden era, most hosts' wardrobes were supplied by Botany 500. This era of game shows officially ended in the early 1990s, leaving "The Price Is Right" as the only daytime network game show remaining on U.S. broadcast television. In syndication, however, a handful of game shows continue to be popular, including "Wheel of Fortune" and "Jeopardy!", and to a lesser extent, "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?" and "Family Feud". (All of those shows were originally network daytime shows except for "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire", which was a nighttime summer limited-run series that became an unexpected breakout hit.) On Cable, shows like "Supermarket Sweep" and "Win Ben Stein's Money" have been produced, and the Game Show Network shows both old game shows and produces its own original programming.
Another major element in a game show is score displays. The most famous of these displays is the "eggcrate," which consists of seven rows of five bulbs each per digit. The eggcrate display has been used on more game shows than any other score display in history, and is still used today on "The Price Is Right". In recent years, however, video displays have replaced the eggcrate. Sony's shows were the first to switch, as "Wheel of Fortune" adopted the look in 2002, followed by "Jeopardy!". CBS also adopted video screens in 2001 for "Hollywood Squares", a show produced by its King World division, and "Family Feud" adopted the look for its new 30th anniversary "blended" set for 2006-2007 (though it still uses eggcrate numbers for the podium scoreboards). Also of note is the Solari board, a split-flap display often used in the 1970s, behaving very much like an analog clock with digital display. No modern game shows feature actual Solari boards, but the American game show "Chain Reaction" on GSN uses computer-generated simulations of Solari boards to display words used in the game.
Other elements have included sound effects, mainly bells and buzzers, often generic to the production company and network the shows air on (examples being the C-note bell and E-flat buzzer to Mark Goodson games on CBS in the US, the E-note bell and B-note buzzer (called "the klaxon" by Scrabble) on NBC game shows in the same country, (mostly from Mark Goodson, but also from Reg Grundy as well), the B-flat bell and D-note buzzer (actually more of a low-pitched beep) to Central games on ITV in the UK, and the E-flat bell and G-note buzzer to Grundy games on the Nine Network in Australia).
In Japan a number of shows emerged that defy classification by most standards. For instance, in one infamous show, failing to answer a question correctly led to one's own mother being buried in tons of rotting fish. In another, those who failed to answer questions correctly were dumped at locations remote from transport or assistance, e.g. in the Arctic, and had to perform such feats as drinking beer while sitting on blocks of ice — first one to run to the outhouse was left behind. In a show colloquially called "Strip Questions", a nude woman stands behind a pane of glass with strips of paper embedded in it; every time she misses a question, one strip of paper is pulled away.
The 2000s will most likely be remembered for the reality game show and the "Silver Age" of big money game shows. The reality game shows concept really took off in the 2000s with shows like "Survivor", "Big Brother" and their clones. Planet 24 television (owned by Bob Geldof) devised the concept of "Survivor", but were unable to sell it to a British or American broadcaster. It was eventually taken up in 1997 by Sweden as "Expedition Robinson". The format was an immediate hit in other Scandinavian countries and it soon caught on around the world. These shows combine elements of reality show and older reality game shows with traditional game-show elements of physical competitions by contestants.
The "Silver Age" of big money game shows in the United States was launched in August 1999 for the American version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?. It was the number one program in the U.S. for the 1999-2000 television season and spawned several other big money game shows, including Greed, a revival of Twenty One, Winning Lines, The Weakest Link, and The Chair. There was a bit of a lull in the activity from mid-2002 when Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? was cancelled until December 2005 with the American premiere of Deal or No Deal, and sparked a second wave of big-money game shows, including 1 vs. 100, Identity, Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?, Don't Forget the Lyrics!, and Power of 10. Other game shows with more traditional payouts have also returned to primetime recently, including The Singing Bee and National Bingo Night.
Some shows (e.g. "Weakest Link") exploit a disapproval voting system similar to the reality game show, and play up the realistic confrontation between contestants, but are in fact just conventional game shows, where no bodily torture or emotionally stressful situation is created, other than the failure to answer some question or impress hosts. "Dog Eat Dog" was even publicized as a reality show despite being basically a revamp of "The Krypton Factor" with a variant of disapproval voting added.
Card games, especially poker and to a lesser extent blackjack, have recently become the basis for a number of popular shows on various U.S. broadcast and cable/satellite networks. Although these shows appear to meet the third definition above ("a game that involves an element of chance or strategy in addition to, or instead of, a test of general knowledge") an interesting controversy has erupted over whether these "casino games" should be considered game shows. A question-and-answer element is present in "Card Sharks", "Strip Poker", "Gambit" and "Top Card", but not in "Pay Cards!".
Game shows around the world
Argentina
★ ''Buena Fortuna''
★ ''Ta Te Show''
Australia
★ 'List of Australian Game Shows'
Belgium
While Belgium has three main languages, most of their game shows tend to be in Dutch. One notable exception is an adaptation of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire'' on RTL-TVI, which is a French-language station. There is also a Dutch-language version which airs on VTM.
★ De Canvascrack
★ De Drie Wijzen
★ De IQ Quiz
★ De Pappenheimers
★ Qui Sera Millionaire (French-Belgian version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, one of the few game shows in Belgium in French, and not Dutch)
★ Rap Klap (Dutch-Belgian version of Hot Streak/Ruck Zuck)
★ Wie Wordt Miljonair (Dutch-Belgian version of Who Wants to Be A Millionaire)
Brazil
★ Roletrando (now Roda a Roda) (Brazil's version of "Wheel of Fortune"), on SBT
★ Show do Milhão (Brazil's version of "Who Wants to be a Millionaire"), on SBT
★ Topa ou não Topa (Brazil's version of "Deal or No Deal"), on SBT
★ Identidade (Brazil's version of ''Identity'', on SBT
★ Family Feud (Brazil's version of "Family Feud") on SBT
★ Big Brother Brazil (Brazil's version of "Big Brother") on Globo
Bulgaria
★ 10/64 - prime-time Q&A, on Kanal 1
★ Bum (show) (Boom) - Q&A, on Evrokom
★ Kosherut (The Hive) - game show, on Msat TV
★ Minuta e mnogo (A Minute Is Too Much) - Q&A show with higher difficulty of the questions, on Kanal 1
★ Sdelka ili ne (Deal or No Deal, literally "Deal or Not") - a version of the successful European game show, on Nova televiziya
★ Koy iska da stani bogat (Who Wants to Be a Millionaire) - a version of the popular Q&A, on Nova televiziya, almost always referred to as just "Stani bogat" by Bulgarians
★ Treska za zlato (GOld Fever) - lotto, on bTV (TV)
★ Vot na doverie (Vote of Confidence) - show that often features celebrities, on bTV (TV)
Canada
Canadian game and quiz shows (at least the English-language ones) have often been aimed towards children and teenagers between the ages of six and 19. A majority of these game shows often run for 30 minutes in each episode.
They are often derived of its formats from game shows that are produced in the United States, having most of them been run on Canadian networks such as CTV, Global and Citytv. One of the only actual prime time game shows to air on Canadian television is ''Deal or No Deal Canada''.
Although American game and quiz shows are popular in Canada, Canadian residents are not eligible to be contestants on most of them, Jeopardy! being one exception. Unlike in the United States, game show winnings in Canada are not subject to income tax (actually, most countries sans US are not subject to income tax).
There are very few Canadian adaptaions of American, British, and Dutch-originated quiz shows in the English language. Most, like versions of ''The Price Is Right'', ''Wheel of Fortune'', ''Jeopardy!'', and ''Family Feud'', are in French. The only known English-language versions of these shows are versions of ''Deal or No Deal'', ''Supermarket Sweep'', and ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?''. There is also a French-language version of ''Deal or No Deal''. Most of the game shows that air in Canada and that are in English are the US game shows.
★ ''5-4-3-2-Run''
★ ''Acting Crazy''
★ ''Le Banquier''
★ ''Bumper Stumpers''
★ ''Le Cercle''
★ ''Definition''
★ ''Deal or No Deal Canada
★ ''Design to Win''
★ ''Food for Thought''
★ ''Front Page Challenge''
★ ''Game On!''
★ ''La Guerre Des Clans''
★ ''Guess What''
★ ''Gutterball Alley''
★ ''Headline Hunters''
★ ''Inside the Box''
★ ''It's Your Move''
★ ''Jeux D'Enfants''
★ ''Just Like Mom''
★ ''Kidstreet''
★ ''Lingo''
★ ''Love Handles''
★ ''Love Me, Love Me Not''
★ ''The Joke's on Us''
★ ''The Last Word''
★ ''The Mad Dash''
★ ''Les Mordus''
★ ''Mr. and Mrs.''
★ ''The New Liar's Club
★ ''The Next Line
★ ''Party Game''
★ ''Pitfall''
★ ''Reach for the Top''
★ ''La Roue Chanceuse''
★ ''Smart Ask''
★ ''Supermarket Sweep''
★ ''Talk About''
★ ''Test Pattern''
★ ''This is the Law''
★ ''TimeChase''
★ ''Uh Oh!''
★ ''Video & Arcade Top 10''
★ ''Vingt et Un
★ ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?''
★ ''You Bet Your Ass''
Czech Republic
★ ''AZ-kvíz''
★ ''AZ-kvíz Junior''
Chile
★ ''Sábado Gigante''
★ ''El rival más débil'' (Chilean version of ''The Weakest Link'')
★ ''Trato Hecho'', now ''¡Allá Tú!'' (''Deal or no Deal'')
★ ''¿Quién quiere ser millonario?'', now ''¿Quién merece ser millonario'' (''Who Wants to be a Millionaire?'')
★ ''Desafío Familiar'' (''Family Feud'')
★ ''¿Quién soy Yo?'' (''What's My Line?'')
★ ''La Rueda de la Fortuna'' (''Wheel of Fortune'')
★ ''¿Cuánto vale el show?''
★ ''El Tiempo es Oro''
★ ''Atrévase otra vez''
★ ''Superdupla''
★ ''El Último Pasajero''
Finland
★ ''Maailman ympäri''
★ ''SF-Studio''
★ ''Reitti 44''
★ ''Retsi ja Jykke'' (followed by spin-off shows by the same team, until the death of Jyrki Otila (Jykke))
★ ''Haluatko miljonääriksi?'' (Finnish version of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'')
★ ''Heikoin Lenkki'' (Finnish version of ''The Weakest Link'')
★ ''Giljotiini''
★ ''Greed''
★ ''Mitä Maksaa'' (Finnish version of ''The Price is Right'')
★ ''Onnenpyörä'' (Finnish version of ''Wheel of Fortune'')
★ ''Suuri kupla'' (children's quiz show)
★ ''Napakymppi'' (Finnish version of ''The Dating Game'')
★ ''Räsypokka''
★ ''Uutisvuoto'' (Finnish version of ''Have I Got News for You'')
France
★ ''Cresus''
★ ''Le Juste Prix'' (French version of ''The Price is Right'')
★ ''Des chiffres et des lettres''
★ ''Fort Boyard''
★ ''Les Jeux de Vingt Heures''
★ ''Le Maillon Faible'' (French version of ''The Weakest Link'')
★ ''Pyramide''
★ ''La Roue de la Fortune'' (French version of ''Wheel of Fortune'')
★ ''Une Famille en or'' (French version of ''Family Feud'')
★ ''Qui veut gagner des millions?'' (French version of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'')
★ ''A Prendre ou à Laisser'' (French version of ''Deal or not to Deal'')
Germany
★ ''5Mal5''
★ ''Deal or No Deal: Die Show Der GlūcksSpirale''
★ ''Drück Dein Glück''
★ ''Glück Am Drücker''
★ ''Glücksrad''
★ ''Hugo''
★ ''Jeopardy!''
★ ''Der Preis Ist Heiss''
★ ''Die Pyramide''
★ ''Riskant!''
★ ''Ruck Zuck''
★
★ ''Kinder Ruck Zuck''
Iceland
★ ''Gettu Betur''
India
★ ''Saanp Seedhi''
★ ''Antakshari''
★ ''Mastercard Family Fortune''
★ ''Deal Ya No Deal''
★ ''Kaun Banega Crorepati''
★ ''Kamzor Kadi Kaun''
★ ''Boogie Woogie''
★ ''Thanga Vaettai''
Indonesia
★ ''Deal Or No Deal Indonesia''
★ ''Super Deal 2 Milyar''
★ ''Who Wants to be a Milllionaire ?''
★ ''Fear Factor Indonesia''
★ ''Super Rejeki 1 Milyar''
★ ''Super Milyarder 3 Milyar''
★ ''Siapa Berani ?''
★ ''Komunikata''
★ ''The Scholar Indonesia''
★ ''Gong Show (Indonesian Version)''
★ ''Funtastic (Indonesian Version)''
★ ''30 Detik Jadi Bintang''
Ireland
★ ''Winning Streak''
★ ''The Lyrics Board''
★ ''Quicksilver''
★ ''Don't Feed the Gondolas''
★ ''Fame and Fortune''
★ ''You're A Star''
★ ''Who Wants to be a Millionaire?''
★ ''The Weakest Link''
★ ''Delegation''
★ ''Gridlock''
★ ''Blackboard Jungle''
★ ''Dodge the Question''
★ ''It's Not the Answer''
★ ''Talkabout''
★ ''Challenging Times''
★ ''Telly Bingo''
★ ''Treasure Island''
★ ''Cabin Fever''
★ ''Celebrity Farm''
Israel
★ ''5/5'' (Israeli version of Hot Streak)
★ ''Deal or No Deal''
★ ''Who Wants to be a Millionaire?''
★ ''Galgal Hamazal''
★ ''The Weakest link''
★ ''Project Y (Big Brother)''
★ ''1 vs. 100''
Japan
★ ''Endurance''
★ ''Hey! Spring of Trivia''
★ ''Takeshi's Castle''
★ ''The Weakest Link''(2002)
★ ''Kuizu $ Mirionea'' (Japanese version of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'' )
★ ''The Deal'' (Japanese version of ''Deal or No Deal'' )
★ ''Panel Quiz Attack 25''
★ ''
★ ''Sasuke'' (Broadcast in U.S. as ''Ninja Warrior'')
Mexico
★ ''100 Mexicanos Dijeron''
★ ''Atínale al Precio''
★ ''¡Buenas Tardes!''
★ ''Espacio en Blanco''
★ ''En Familia con Chabelo''
★ ''Factor Miedo''
★ ''Jeopardy!''
★ ''Picardía Mexicána''
★ ''El Rival Más Débil''
★ ''Sexos en Guerra''
★ ''La Silla''
★ ''Vas O No Vas''
Panama
★ ''100 Panameños Dicen''
★ ''El Bille Show''
★ ''Vive la Musica''
★ ''El Familion''
★ ''LG Quiz''
Philippines
★ ''Digital LG Quiz''
★ ''Kapamilya, Deal or No Deal''
★ ''Pilipinas, Game KNB?''
★ ''Wowowee''
★ ''Game Na Game Na''
★ ''Who Wants to be a Millionaire''
★ ''Weakest Link''
★ ''Eat Bulaga!''
★ ''Wheel of Fortune''
★ ''Tok tok tok isang milyon pasok''
★ ''Nuts entertainment''
Poland
★ ''Grasz czy nie grasz''
★ ''Krzyzowka Szczescia''
Puerto Rico
★ ''A Millon''
★ ''A Toda Maquina''
★ ''Control Remoto''
★ ''Sabado en Grande''
★ ''Super Sabado''
Russia
Russian quiz, game & dating shows
★ ''Alfavit''
★ ''Allo, TV!''
★ ''Faktor Strakha'' (Russian version of ''Fear Factor'')
★ ''Koleso Istorii''
★ ''Kto Khochet Stat' Millionerom?'' (Russian version of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'')
★ ''Lyubov' s Pervogo Vzglyada'' (Russian version of ''The Dating Game'')
★ ''Lzhec''
★ ''Narod Protiv''
★ ''O, Schaslivchik!'' (First Russian version of ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'')
★ ''Papa, Mama, Ya''
★ ''Pole Chudes'' (Russian version of ''Wheel of Fortune'')
★ ''Piramida'' (Russian version of ''Pyramid'')
★ ''Russkaya Ruletka'' (Russian version of ''Russian Roulette'')
★ ''Samyj Umnyj''
★ ''Sdelka!''
★ ''Shestoye Chuvstvo''
★ ''Slaboye Zveno'' (Russian version of ''The Weakest Link'')
★ ''Stavka''
★ ''Sto k Odnomu''
★ ''Svoya Igra'' (Russian version of ''Jeopardy!'')
★ ''Tsena Udachi''
★ ''Ugaday Melodiyu'' (Russian version of ''Name That Tune'')
★ ''V Temnote''
★ ''Vremya - Den'gi!''
★ ''Za Sem'yu Pechatyami''
Russian reality shows
★ ''12 Negrityat''
★ ''Bol'shoj Brat'' (Russian version of ''Big Brother'')
★ ''Dom''
★ ''Fabrika Zvyozd'' (or "Star Factory")
★ ''Golod''
★ ''Kandidat'' (Russian version of ''The Apprentice'')
★ ''Klub Byvshikh Zhen''
★ ''Narodnyj Artist''(Russian version of ''American idol'')
★ ''Nastoyaschij Muzhchina''
★ ''Posledniy Geroy'' (Russian version of ''Survivor'')
★ ''Sem' Pod Solncem''
★ ''Serdce Afriki'' (Another version of ''Survivor'')
★ ''Vozmozhnosti Plasticheskoj Khirurgii''
Serbia
★ ''TV Slagalica''
South Africa
★ ''Deal or No Deal''
★ ''In a Word or 2''
★ ''Walk the Plank''
Spain
★ ''El gran juego de la oca'' (The Big Goose Game - 1993-1995, 1998)
★ ''El Precio Justo''
★ ''El Rescate Del Talisman''
★ ''Decision Final'' (Spanish version of Russian Roulette)
★ ''Waku Waku (TV show)''
★ ''Un Dos Tres''
Thailand
★ ''Fan Pan Tae'' (Channel 5) (September 1st, 2000 - Present)
★ ''Tod Sa Gun Game''(or Who's that) (Channel 9) (April 1st, 2003 - Present)
★ ''Ching Roi Ching Lan'' (Channel 7) (1990 - Present)
★ ''Black Box'' (Channel 3) (January 1st, 2005 - Present)
★ ''Game Jarachon'' (Channel 5) (April 1998 - March 2005)
★ ''One Night Genius'' (Channel 3) (July 3rd, 2006 - Present)
★ ''Khun Jum Nean'' (Channel 5) (October 4th, 2003 - December 24th, 2004)
★ ''Stop Time'' (Channel 5) (October 2nd, 2001 - January 11th, 2003)
★ ''Game Zone'' (Channel 9) (1997 - September 28th, 2002)
★ ''Game Settee'' (Channel ITV) (March 4th, 2000 - Present)
★ ''Game Wat Doung'' (Channel 5) (2001 - Present)
★ ''Ma Tam Nat'' (Channel 3) (1984 - 1995)
★ ''4 tor 4 Family Game'' (Channel 3) (2001 - 2007)
★ ''07 Show'' (Channel 7) (? - Present)
★ ''Kamchad Jud Orn(orThe Weakest Link)'' (Channel 3) (February 7th, 2002 - December 26th, 2002)
★ ''Deal or no Deal'' (Channel 3) (2005)
★ ''Pick Lock'' (Channel 3) (1987 - 1990)
United Kingdom
★ 'List of UK Game Shows'
United States
★ 'List of U.S. game shows'
Venezuela
★ ''Guerra De Los Sexos''
★ ''Mega Match''
★ ''¿Qué Dice La Gente?'' (Venezuelan Family Feud)
See also
★ GSN - The Network for Games
★ List of game show hosts
★ List of television programs
★
★ Quiz Bowl
★ Quiz Show (movie)
★ Quiz show scandals
External links
★ – An active listing of links to websites about game shows.
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