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'French toast' (often known as 'eggy bread' in the UK, pain perdu in French) is a popular breakfast food in North America, Europe and Hong Kong.
French toast is made with bread (generally pre-sliced) and eggs; some common additions are milk, water, or orange juice to thin the eggs, sugar, and spices such as allspice, nutmeg and cinnamon. Vanilla may also be added to the egg mixture. In restaurants throughout the United States and Canada, the bread is usually thick white bread made especially for use in French toast; when made at home, regular sliced bread is often used.
Although usually served as a sweetly spiced dish in the United States, some prefer a savory version, seasoned with salt and pepper instead, as is more common in the United Kingdom.

Contents

Preparation

Variations

History and geographical spread

Etymology

References

External links

Preparation

The eggs are beaten (and mixed with other liquids, as described above) and poured into a wide, shallow bowl. Individual slices of bread are then dipped into the egg mixture and flipped, so both sides are evenly coated. If desired, the bread may be left to soak briefly to absorb more of the mixture; however, too much soaking will make the bread fall apart, which is why some cooks prefer to use bread that is closer to the end of its shelf-life. The slices of egg-coated bread are then placed on a frying pan or griddle prepared with a coat of butter, and cooked until both sides are browned and the egg has cooked through. A substitute such as Egg Beaters can be used in place of whole eggs. Additionally, a liberal sprinkling of premixed cinnamon sugar may be applied prior to frying.
The cooked slices are usually served with jam, butter, peanut butter, maple syrup, though it can also be served with fruit syrup, apple sauce, whipped cream, chocolate, sugar, powdered sugar, or nuts such as pecans.

Variations

Stuffed French toast is two pieces of French toast that are stuffed with bananas, strawberries, or other fruit. It is usually topped with butter, maple syrup, and powdered sugar.
In the United Kingdom, it is often savory, and known as 'eggy bread' or 'French toast' in well-to-do families. Another name is 'French fried bread', not to be confused with 'fried bread' which is white bread fried in butter or fat left over from frying bacon or sausages. One variation has marmite spread on the bread before dipping. A more popular version is served with baked beans on top. Another variation that has a 19th century origin is to add a teaspoon of red chili powder (instead of pepper) and salt to the eggs before dipping bread in it. The term ''French toast'' has other common meanings in the United Kingdom, including baked bread slices, and bread which was buttered before toasting.
'Fried bread'
In Italy a variation is served known as ''mozzarella in carozza'' (literally "mozzarella in a carriage"). In this version a slice of fresh mozzarella is sandwiched between two slices of bread and the whole dipped in egg and fried. It can be seasoned with salt, but is not sweet like French toast and is not eaten for breakfast.
In Spain, it is called ''torrijas'', ''tostadas'' or ''torradas'' and is typically made during Easter, out of thick slices of bread soaked in milk or wine, dipped in egg, fried and then drenched in spiced honey.
Many New York diners make French toast using thick slices of challah bread.
In the Western and Southwestern United States, some restaurants will prepare it with Sourdough bread.
In some parts of Australia, it is usually served savory, topped with tomato sauce. In other areas it is still considered to be a sweet dish, as in the United States.
In Hong Kong, it is usually served with honey or syrup. Though the syrup is much thinner and sweeter if compared to the typical US counterpart. It is also notorious for its lighter color. In Hong Kong-style western restaurants and ''cha chaan tengs'', it may be served with plain butter without a sweetening ingredient. Other Hong Kong variations include the spreading of kaya in between the two slices of bread. French toast is usually served with the crusts intact. It is called 西多士 (Cantonese IPA: ; Jyutping: sai1 do1 si2; Mandarin Pinyin: xīduōshì; literally "western toast", but actually an abbreviation of "法蘭西多士", "French toast") in Hong Kong usually deep-fried, and 吐司 (Pinyin: tǔsī; literally “toast”) in Taiwan.
In Brazil it is quite often used to celebrate a birth, as well as at Christmas and New Year celebrations.

History and geographical spread

French toast originated as a way to use day-old or stale bread (some breads and especially French bread become stale after one day)^{[1] [2]}. Whereas a stale, crunchy bread might seem unappetizing, soaking the bread in eggs and frying it solved that problem. The precise origins of the recipe are unknown. Similar dishes have existed in many countries and under many names, known in Medieval Europe as:

★ England: ''suppe dorate'' (Italian for "gilded sippets")

★ France: ''pain perdu'' (literally, "lost bread")

★ Germany: ''armer Ritter'' (literally, "poor knight")

★ Yugoslavia and successor republics: ''прженице'' - ''prženice''
Modern versions occur in many countries under other names:

★ Belgium: ''verloren brood'', ''gewonnen brood'', or ''gebakken boterhammen'' (literally "lost bread", "won bread", or "baked sandwiches" as it was traditionally made from stale bread) in Flanders, ''pain perdu'' (literally, "lost bread") in Wallonia

★ Brazil/Portugal: ''rabanada'' or "fatia parida"(in the northeast region of Brazil)

★ Bulgaria: ''пържени филии'' - ''părzheni filii'' ("fried slices [of bread]")

★ Canada (in francophone regions): ''pain doré'' (literally, "gilded bread")

★ Denmark/Norway: ''arme riddere'' (literally, "poor knights")

★ Greece: αβγόφετα (''avgófeta'', literally "egg-slice")

★ Finland ''köyhät ritarit'' ("poor knights") when eaten plain or with butter, ''rikkaat ritarit'' ("rich knights") when rolled in powdered sugar, sprinkled with it until fully covered or alternatively covered with whipped cream to provide the white base, and an eye of red colored jam added in the center.

★ Hungary: ''bundás kenyér'' (literally, "coated bread")

★ India: ''Bombay toast''

★ Mexico: ''torreja''

★ Netherlands: ''wentelteefjes'' (etymology unclear, ''wentelen'' = "to turn over", ''teefje'' = "female dog"). Used in some parts of Flanders, Belgium as well.

★ Romania: ''frigãnele''

★ Russia: ''гренки'' - ''grěnki''

★ Spain: ''torrija''

★ Sweden: ''fattiga riddare'' (literally, "poor knights")

★ Switzerland: ''Fotzelschnitten'' ("rascals' slices")

★ Turkey: ''yumurtalı ekmek'' (literally, "bread with eggs"), or ''ekmek balığı'' (literally, "breadfish" / "fish of bread")

★ United Kingdom: 'poor knights of Windsor', 'eggy bread', 'Gypsy Toast' and in parts of Cumbria, 'Pandora'.

★ U.S.A.: Predominately ''French toast'', though it may also be called ''German toast'', ''Spanish toast'', ''nun's toast'', ''egg toast'', or ''French fried pudding''.^[3]

★ Pakistan: ''Shahi Tukra'' (literally, "Royal Piece")

Etymology

Some people claim that this dish was called "German toast" in the U.S. before World War I and was changed to "French toast" because of anti-German sentiment. Indeed, a popular cookbook from 1918 does refer to it by the name "German toast." However, the term "French toast" can be found in print in the U.S. as early as 1871. The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' cites usages of "French toast" in English as early as 1660 (toasted bread with wine, orange juice, and sugar), and cites an egg-based recipe of the same name from 1882. It has also been called "American toast" in the U.S., where there is a story that it was invented in 1724 by a man named Joseph French in a roadside tavern near Albany, New York.
Also notably:
In France, French toast, and in Belgium (and DRC Africa) is called pain perdu, or “lost bread,” since it is a way to reclaim stale, “lost,” bread: hard bread is softened by dipping in a mixture of milk and eggs, then fried.
According to research provided by the International House of Pancakes, French toast isn’t necessarily French in origin; it is likely that the recipe dates back to Medieval times and may have been a logical “invention” by different peoples, akin to battering and frying any food. A similar dish called suppe dorate was popular in England during the Middle Ages, although the English might have learned it from the French Normans, who had a dish called tostees dorees. However, according to IHOP, the first written mention of the dish comes from the court of Henry V of England (1413-1422).
In New Orleans, Pain Perdu is a local variation of French toast made from left over New Orleans-style french bread, which resembles the french baguette, but has a crunchier exterior and a lighter interior.
The bread is sliced on a bias and dipped into a mixture of egg, milk, sugar, cinnamon, and vanilla. The slices are pan-fried in butter and tradionally served dusted with powdered sugar and with jam on the side. Alternatively it may be served with syrup.

References

1. http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:French_Toast
2. Dictionaire Général pour la maîtrise de la langue française la culrute classique et contemporaine, p. 1138, Larousse (1993)
3. La Cuisine Creole, , Lafcadio, Hearn, F.F. Hansell & Bro., ,


★ Odilie Redon ''et al.'', ''The Medieval Kitchen: Recipes from France and Italy'' (Univ. Chicago Press, Chicago, 1998).

★ John F. Mariani, ''The Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink'' (Lebhar-Friedman, New York, 1999).

★ Craig Claiborne, ''Craig Claiborne's The New York Times Food Encyclopedia'' (Times Books, New York, 1985).

★ Fannie Farmer, ''The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book'' (Little, Brown and Co., Boston, 1918) [1]

External links

★ Toast Recipes

★ French Toast Recipes

★ http://www.gumbopages.com/food/breakfast/pain-perdu.html