The 'francolins' are the
species of
bird in the genus ''Francolinus'' of the pheasant family,
Phasianidae.
Francolins are
terrestrial (though not flightless) birds of the
Old World that feed on insects, vegetable matter and
seeds. Of the 41 extant species, 36 are exclusive to
Africa.
Distribution
12 of the species which occur in
Africa are found in the subcontinental region of southern Africa; of these, seven occur in varying proportions within the political boundaries of
Namibia. Six southern African francolins are considered endemic to the subcontinent, of which three are found in Namibia (
Hartlaub's,
Red-billed Francolin ''F. adspersus'' and
Orange River Francolin ''F. levaillantoides'' ). The
Cape Francolin ''Francolinus capensis'', endemic to the
Cape Province of
South Africa occurs marginally in southern Namibia. A fossil francolin, ''Francolinus capeki'', has been described from
Late Pliocene deposits of
Hungary.
Modern knowledge
Even very basic biological information of many of the 36 species of francolins found in Africa is lacking. In particular, the literature of this century indicates a distinct disparity in knowledge of endemic forms, especially those restricted to isolated and extreme habitats. Although visually inconspicuous, francolins are high evocative to man; like gamebirds elsewhere, they have attracted considerable attention from the days of the first European explorers into Africa; ''albeit'' primarily from a culinary perspective.
Species
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Black Francolin, ''Francolinus francolinus''
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Painted Francolin, ''Francolinus pictus''
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Chinese Francolin, ''Francolinus pintadeanus''
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Grey Francolin, ''Francolinus pondicerianus''
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Swamp Francolin, ''Francolinus gularis''
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Coqui Francolin, ''Francolinus coqui''
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White-throated Francolin, ''Francolinus albogularis''
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Schlegel's Francolin, ''Francolinus schlegelii''
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Latham's Francolin, ''Francolinus lathami''
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Crested Francolin, ''Francolinus sephaena''
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Ring-necked Francolin, ''Francolinus streptophorus''
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Finsch's Francolin, ''Francolinus finschi''
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Red-winged Francolin, ''Francolinus levaillantii''
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Grey-winged Francolin, ''Francolinus africanus''
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Moorland Francolin, ''Francolinus psilolaemus''
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Shelley's Francolin, ''Francolinus shelleyi''
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Orange River Francolin, ''Francolinus levaillantoides''
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Scaly Francolin, ''Francolinus squamatus''
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Ahanta Francolin, ''Francolinus ahantensis''
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Grey-striped Francolin, ''Francolinus griseostriatus''
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Nahan's Francolin, ''Francolinus nahani''
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Hartlaub's Francolin, ''Francolinus hartlaubi''
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Double-spurred Francolin, ''Francolinus bicalcaratus''
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Heuglin's Francolin, ''Francolinus icterorhynchus''
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Clapperton's Francolin, ''Francolinus clappertoni''
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Harwood's Francolin, ''Francolinus harwoodi''
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Red-billed Francolin, ''Francolinus adspersus''
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Cape Francolin, ''Francolinus capensis''
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Natal Francolin, ''Francolinus natalensis''
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Hildebrandt's Francolin, ''Francolinus hildebrandti''
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Yellow-necked Francolin, ''Francolinus leucoscepus''
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Grey-breasted Francolin, ''Francolinus rufopictus''
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Red-necked Francolin, ''Francolinus afer''
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Swainson's Francolin, ''Francolinus swainsonii''
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Jackson's Francolin, ''Francolinus jacksoni''
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Handsome Francolin, ''Francolinus nobilis''
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Mount Cameroon Francolin, ''Francolinus camerunensis''
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Swierstra's Francolin, ''Francolinus swierstrai''
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Chestnut-naped Francolin, ''Francolinus castaneicollis''
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Erckel's Francolin, ''Francolinus erckelii''
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Djibouti Francolin, ''Francolinus ochropectus''
External links
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Francolin & Partridge - Aviculture & Conservation
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Francolin videos on the Internet Bird Collection