The 'Finno-Volgaic languages', also known as 'Volga-Finnic languages' or the Finno-Mari, Finno-Cheremisic languages, are a language group of
Mari (formerly Cheremis) and
Mordvin, sometimes considered also as individual languages. The Finnic division of the groups:
Baltic-Finnic, 'Volga-Finnic',
Permic and
Sami together with the
Ugric division of
Hungarian and the
Ob-Ugric languages
Mansi (Vogul) and
Khanty (Ostyak) make the
Finno-Ugric group of the
Uralic language family.
[1]
Modern interpretations of the Uralic paradigm
[2]
By Collinder, 1965
'Finnic:'
★ 1.Mordvin
★ 2.
Mari (''Cheremis'')
★ 3.Baltic Finnic
★ 4.Saamic
★ 5.Permic
By Austerlitz 1968
'Finnic:'
★ 1.Permic
★ 2.Volgaic
★ 3.North Finnic
★
★ Saamic
★
★ Baltic Finnic
By Sauvageot & Menges 1973
'Finnic:'
★ 1. Baltic Finnic
★ 2. Saamic
★ 3. Volgaic
★ 4. Permic
by Harms 1974
'Finnic:'
★ 1. Permic
★ 2.
Mari (''Cheremis'')
★ 3. West Finnic
★
★ Mordvin
★
★ North Finnic
★
★
★ Saamic
★
★
★ Baltic Finnic
Vogelin & Vogelin 1977
'Finnic:'
★ 1. Permic
★ 2. Finno Volgaic
★
★ Volgaic
★
★ Finno-Lappic
★
★
★ Saamic
★
★
★ Baltic Finnic
Classification
'Mari' (Cheremisic)
★
Mari (''Cheremis'')
'
Mordvinic' (Mordvin, Mordvinian)
★
Erzya
★
Moksha
'Extinct Finno-Volgaic languages of uncertain position'
★
Merya — Extinct
★
Meshcherian — Extinct
★
Muromian — Extinct
'
Finno-Lappic' (Finno-Saamic, Finno-Samic)
★
Sami (Samic, Saamic, ''Lappic'', ''Lappish'')
★
★ Western Sami (Western Samic)
★
★
★
Southern Sami
★
★
★
Ume Sami — Nearly extinct
★
★
★
Lule Sami
★
★
★
Pite Sami — Nearly extinct
★
★
★
Northern Sami
★
★ Eastern Sami (Eastern Samic)
★
★
★
Kainuu Sami — Extinct
★
★
★
Kemi Sami — Extinct
★
★
★
Inari Sami
★
★
★
Akkala Sami — Extinct (2003)
★
★
★
Kildin Sami
★
★
★
Skolt Sami
★
★
★
Ter Sami — Nearly extinct
★
Baltic-Finnic (Balto-Finnic, Balto-Fennic, Finnic, Fennic)
★
★
Estonian
★
★
Finnish (including
Meänkieli or Tornedalian Finnish,
Kven Finnish, and
Ingrian Finnish)
★
★
Ingrian (Izhorian) — Nearly extinct
★
★
Karelian
★
★
★
Karelian proper
★
★
★
Lude (Ludic, Ludian)
★
★
★
Olonets Karelian (Livvi, Aunus, Aunus Karelian, Olonetsian)
★
★
Livonian (Liv) — Nearly extinct
★
★
Veps (Vepsian)
★
★
Võro (Voro, Võru, Voru; including
Seto or Setu)
★
★
Votic (Votian, Vod) — Nearly extinct
References
1. Finno-Ugric languages at concise.britannica
2. The Uralic Language Family: Facts, Myths and Statistics; By Angela Marcantonio; p57; ISBN 0631231706