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EspañolFEDERATION OF THE SOCIALIST WORKERS OF FRANCE
France's first socialist party, the 'Federation of the Socialist Workers of France' (F''édération des travailleurs socialistes de France ''or'' FTSF''), was founded in 1879. It was characterised as "possibilist" because it promoted gradual reforms.
After the failure of the Paris commune (1871), French socialism was beheaded. Its leaders were dead or exiled. In 1879, during the Marseille Congress, workers' associations created the Federation of the Socialist Workers of France (''Fédération des travailleurs socialistes de France'' or FTSF). However, three years later, Jules Guesde and Paul Lafargue (the son-in-law of Karl Marx) left the federation, which they considered too moderate, and founded the French Workers' Party (''Parti ouvrier français'' or POF). The FTSF, led by Paul Brousse, was defined as "possibilist" because it advocated gradual reforms, whereas the POF promoted Marxism.
In the same time, Edouard Vaillant and the heirs of Louis Auguste Blanqui founded the Central Revolutionary Committee (''Comité révolutionnaire central'' or CRC), which represented the French revolutionary tradition.
In the 1880s, the Socialists knew their first electoral success, conquering some municipalities. Jean Allemane and some FTSF members criticized the focus on electoral goals. In 1890, they created the Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party (''Parti ouvrier socialiste révolutionnaire'' or POSR), which advocated the revolutionary "general strike". Additionally, some deputies took the name Socialist without adhering to any party. These mostly advocated moderation and reform.
In 1899, a debate raged among Socialist groups about the participation of Alexandre Millerand in Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau's cabinet, which included the Marquis de Gallifet, best know for having directed the bloody repression during the Paris Commune. Furthemore, the participation in a "bourgeois government" sparked a controversy opposing Jules Guesde to Jean Jaurès. In 1902, Guesde and Vaillant founded the Socialist Party of France, while Jaurès, Allemane and the possibilists formed the French Socialist Party. In 1905, during the Globe Congress, under the pressure of the Second International, the two groups merged in the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO).
The party remained hemmed in between the middle class liberals of the Radical Party and the revolutionary syndicalists who dominated the trade unions. Indeed, the General Confederation of Labour claimed its independance and the non-distinction between political and workplace activism.
★ French Section of the Workers' International 1905-1969
★ French Socialist Party 1969-
★ History of communism
★ History of socialism
★ History of the Left in France
| Contents |
| Formation |
| Electoralism and split |
| Formation of the SFIO |
| See also |
Formation
After the failure of the Paris commune (1871), French socialism was beheaded. Its leaders were dead or exiled. In 1879, during the Marseille Congress, workers' associations created the Federation of the Socialist Workers of France (''Fédération des travailleurs socialistes de France'' or FTSF). However, three years later, Jules Guesde and Paul Lafargue (the son-in-law of Karl Marx) left the federation, which they considered too moderate, and founded the French Workers' Party (''Parti ouvrier français'' or POF). The FTSF, led by Paul Brousse, was defined as "possibilist" because it advocated gradual reforms, whereas the POF promoted Marxism.
In the same time, Edouard Vaillant and the heirs of Louis Auguste Blanqui founded the Central Revolutionary Committee (''Comité révolutionnaire central'' or CRC), which represented the French revolutionary tradition.
Electoralism and split
In the 1880s, the Socialists knew their first electoral success, conquering some municipalities. Jean Allemane and some FTSF members criticized the focus on electoral goals. In 1890, they created the Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party (''Parti ouvrier socialiste révolutionnaire'' or POSR), which advocated the revolutionary "general strike". Additionally, some deputies took the name Socialist without adhering to any party. These mostly advocated moderation and reform.
Formation of the SFIO
In 1899, a debate raged among Socialist groups about the participation of Alexandre Millerand in Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau's cabinet, which included the Marquis de Gallifet, best know for having directed the bloody repression during the Paris Commune. Furthemore, the participation in a "bourgeois government" sparked a controversy opposing Jules Guesde to Jean Jaurès. In 1902, Guesde and Vaillant founded the Socialist Party of France, while Jaurès, Allemane and the possibilists formed the French Socialist Party. In 1905, during the Globe Congress, under the pressure of the Second International, the two groups merged in the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO).
The party remained hemmed in between the middle class liberals of the Radical Party and the revolutionary syndicalists who dominated the trade unions. Indeed, the General Confederation of Labour claimed its independance and the non-distinction between political and workplace activism.
See also
★ French Section of the Workers' International 1905-1969
★ French Socialist Party 1969-
★ History of communism
★ History of socialism
★ History of the Left in France
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