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Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Liturgical feasts

External links

Events

★ 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed.

★ 1503 - Disfida di Barletta - Famous challenge between 13 Italian and 13 French knights near Barletta.

★ 1542 - Catherine Howard, the fifth wife of Henry VIII of England, is executed for adultery.

★ 1575 - Henry III of France is crowned at Rheims.

★ 1575 - Henry III of France marries Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont.

★ 1633 - Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition.

★ 1635 - The first public school in the U.S., Boston Latin School, is founded.

★ 1668 - Spain recognizes Portugal as an independent nation.

★ 1689 - William and Mary are proclaimed co-rulers of England.

★ 1692 - Massacre of Glencoe : About 78 Macdonalds at Glen Coe, Scotland are killed early in the morning for not promptly pledging allegiance to the new king, William of Orange.

★ 1815 - The Cambridge Union Society founded.

★ 1866 - Jesse James and his gang commit the first armed bank robbery in United States history during peacetime in Liberty, Missouri.

★ 1880 - Thomas Edison observes the Edison effect.

★ 1881 - The feminist newspaper ''La Citoyenne'' is first published in Paris by activist Hubertine Auclert.

★ 1894 - Auguste and Louis Lumière patent the ''Cinematographe'', a combination movie camera and projector.

★ 1899 - Tallahassee, Florida records its all time coldest temperature of -2 degrees Fahrenheit.

★ 1914 - Copyright: In New York City the ASCAP (for American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers) is established to protect the copyrighted musical compositions of its members.

★ 1920 - The Negro National League is formed.

★ 1934 - The Soviet steamship ''Cheliuskin'' sinks in the Arctic Ocean.

★ 1935 - A jury in Flemington, New Jersey finds Bruno Hauptmann guilty of the 1932 kidnapping and murder of the Lindbergh baby, the son of Charles Lindbergh.

★ 1945 - World War II: Red Army forces take Budapest, Hungary from Wehrmacht forces.

★ 1945 - World War II: The Royal Air Force bombers were dispatched to Dresden, Germany to raid the city by massive aerial bombardment (see Bombing of Dresden in World War II).

★ 1955 - Israel obtains 4 of the 7 Dead Sea scrolls.

★ 1960 - Nuclear testing: France tests its first atomic bomb.

★ 1971 - Vietnam War: Backed by American air and artillery support, South Vietnamese troops invade Laos.

★ 1974 - Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in 1970, is exiled from the Soviet Union.

★ 1975 - A fire erupts in the World Trade Center in New York City, New York.

★ 1978 - Hilton bombing: a bomb explodes in a refuse truck outside the Hilton Hotel in Sydney, Australia, killing two refuse collectors and a policeman.

★ 1979 - The intense February 13, 1979 Windstorm strikes western Washington and sinks a 1/2-mile-long section of the Hood Canal Bridge.

★ 1984 - Konstantin Chernenko succeeds the late Yuri Andropov as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

★ 1990 - German reunification: An agreement is reached for a two-stage plan to reunite Germany.

★ 1991 - Gulf War: Two laser-guided "smart bombs" destroy a bunker in Baghdad. The bunker was being used as a military communications outpost and unknown to allied forces, as a shelter for Iraqi civilians.

★ 1997 - Space Shuttle program: STS-82 Mission - Tune-up and repair work on the Hubble Space Telescope started by astronauts from the Space Shuttle Discovery.

★ 1997 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above 7,000 for the first time closing at 7,022.44.

★ 2000 - The last original "Peanuts" comic strip appears in newspapers one day after Charles M. Schulz dies.

★ 2001 - An earthquake measuring 6.6 on the Richter Scale hits El Salvador, killing at least 400.

★ 2004 - The Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics discovers the universe's largest known diamond, white dwarf star ''BPM 37093''.

★ 2007 - Taiwan opposition leader Ma Ying-jeou resigned as the chairman of the Kuomintang party after being indicted by the Taiwan High Prosecutors Office on charges of embezzlement during his tenure as the mayor of Taipei; Ma also announced his candidacy for the 2008 presidential election.

Births

★ 1457 - Mary of Burgundy, daughter of Charles the Bold and wife of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1482)

★ 1480 - Girolamo Aleandro, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1542)

★ 1599 - Pope Alexander VII (d. 1667)

★ 1672 - Étienne François Geoffroy, French chemist (d. 1731)

★ 1728 - John Hunter, Scottish surgeon (d. 1793)

★ 1743 - Joseph Banks, English botanist and naturalist (d. 1820)

★ 1768 - Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, French marshal (d. 1835)

★ 1769 - Ivan Krylov, Russian fabulist (d. 1844)

★ 1805 - Peter Gustav Dirichlet, German mathematician (d. 1859)

★ 1835 - Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, Founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community (d. 1908)

★ 1855 - Paul Deschanel, French President (d. 1922)

★ 1873 - Feodor Chaliapin, Russian bass (d. 1938)

★ 1876 - Fritz Buelow, German-born American baseball player (d. 1933)

★ 1879 - Sarojini Naidu, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1949)

★ 1881 - Eleanor Farjeon, English author (d. 1965)

★ 1884 - Alfred Carlton Gilbert, American athlete, inventor, and businessman (d. 1961)

★ 1885 - Bess Truman, First Lady of the United States, wife of President Harry S. Truman (d. 1982)

★ 1891 - Kate Roberts, Welsh nationalist and writer (d. 1985)

★ 1892 - Grant Wood, American painter (d. 1942)

★ 1903 - Georges Simenon, Belgian writer (d. 1989)

★ 1906 - Agostinho da Silva, Portuguese philosopher (d. 1994)

★ 1910 - William Shockley, American physicist and eugenicist, Nobel Laureate (d. 1989)

★ 1911 - Faiz Ahmed Faiz, Pakistani Urdu poet, Lenin Peace Prize winner (d. 1984)

★ 1913 - George Barker, British poet (d. 1991)

★ 1915 - Aung San, Burmese general and politician (d. 1945)

★ 1915 - Lyle Bettger, American actor (d. 2003)

★ 1918 - Patty Berg, American golfer (d. 2006)

★ 1919 - Tennessee Ernie Ford, American musician (d. 1991)

★ 1919 - Eddie Robinson, American football coach (d. 2007)

★ 1920 - Eileen Farrell, American opera soprano (d. 2002)

★ 1922 - Francis Pym, British Foreign Secretary 1982-83

★ 1922 - Gordon Tullock, American economist

★ 1923 - Michael Bilandic, Mayor of Chicago (d. 2002)

★ 1923 - Yfrah Neaman, Lebanese-born violinist (d. 2003)

★ 1923 - Chuck Yeager, American pilot and NASA official

★ 1924 - Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, French journalist (d. 2006)

★ 1925 - Boudleaux Bryant, American songwriter (d. 1987)

★ 1928 - Dorothy McGuire, American singer (The McGuire Sisters)

★ 1929 - Omar Torrijos, Panamanian ruler (d. 1981)

★ 1930 - Ernst Fuchs, Austrian artist

★ 1932 - Susan Oliver, American actress (d. 1990)

★ 1933 - Paul Biya, Cameroon politician

★ 1933 - Kim Novak, American actress

★ 1933 - Caroline Blakiston, British actress

★ 1934 - George Segal, American actor

★ 1937 - Ali El-Maak, Sudanese writer (d. 1992)

★ 1938 - Oliver Reed, English actor (d. 1999)

★ 1939 - Beate Klarsfeld, German Nazi hunter

★ 1941 - Andrea Conte, First Lady of Tennessee 2003 - present

★ 1941 - Sigmar Polke, German painter

★ 1942 - Carol Lynley, American actress

★ 1942 - Peter Tork, American musician and actor (The Monkees)

★ 1943 - Geoff Edwards, American game show host

★ 1944 - Stockard Channing, American actress

★ 1944 - Jerry Springer, American television host

★ 1944 - Bo Svenson, Swedish-born actor

★ 1944 - Oduvil Unnikrishnan, Indian actor (d. 2006)

★ 1945 - King Floyd, American musician (d. 2006)

★ 1946 - Colin Matthews, British composer

★ 1947 - Mike Krzyzewski, American basketball player and coach

★ 1950 - Peter Gabriel, English musician (Genesis)

★ 1951 - Greg Fulginiti, American mastering engineer

★ 1951 - David Naughton, American actor and singer

★ 1952 - Freddy Maertens, Belgian cyclist

★ 1953 - Rico J. Puno, Filipino pop singer

★ 1954 - Donnie Moore, American baseball player (d. 1989)

★ 1954 - Eric Johnson, American artist

★ 1955 - Joe Birkett, American lawyer

★ 1956 - Peter Hook, English bassist (Joy Division and New Order)

★ 1956 - Yiannis Kouros, Greek-Australian runner

★ 1956 - Princess Alia bint Al Hussein, Jordanian Royal Family member

★ 1957 - Denise Austin, American fitness expert

★ 1958 - Pernilla August, Swedish actress

★ 1958 - Derek Riggs, British artist

★ 1958 - Tip Tipping, American actor and stuntman (d. 1993)

★ 1959 - Gord Hampson, Canadian ice hockey player

★ 1959 - Gaston Gingras, National Hockey League defenceman

★ 1960 - Pierluigi Collina, Italian football referee

★ 1960 - Gary Patterson, American football coach

★ 1960 - Matt Salinger, American actor

★ 1960 - Artur Yusupov, Russian-German chess player

★ 1961 - Henry Rollins, American musician

★ 1961 - Marc Crawford, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

★ 1962 - Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, American politician

★ 1964 - Mark Patton, American actor

★ 1964 - Ylva Johansson, Swedish politician

★ 1966 - Jeff Waters, Canadian musician (Annihilator)

★ 1967 - Stanimir Stoilov, Bulgarian soccer player and coach

★ 1968 - Kelly Hu, American actress

★ 1970 - Karoline Krüger, Norwegian singer

★ 1971 - Sonia, British singer

★ 1971 - Mats Sundin, Swedish ice hockey player

★ 1971 - Todd Williams, American baseball player

★ 1972 - Charlie Garner, American football player

★ 1974 - Gus Hansen, Danish professional poker player

★ 1974 - Robbie Williams, English singer

★ 1974 - Jeff Duran, American radio personality

★ 1975 - Iván González, Puerto Rican disc jockey and musician

★ 1976 - Martin Sastre, Uruguayan artist

★ 1976 - Feist, Canadian singer and songwriter

★ 1976 - Dave Padden, Canadian musician (Annihilator)

★ 1977 - Randy Moss, American football player

★ 1977 - Ben Collins, British racing driver

★ 1978 - Mini Anden, Swedish model and actress

★ 1979 - Rafael Márquez, Mexican footballer

★ 1979 - Mena Suvari, American actress

★ 1980 - Sebastian Kehl, German footballer

★ 1981 - Luisão, Brazilian footballer

★ 1981 - Liam Miller, Irish footballer

★ 1981 - Luke Ridnour, American basketball player

★ 1982 - Lanisha Cole, American model

★ 1985 - Kwak Ji-min, South Korean actress

★ 1985 - Alexandros Tziolis, Greek footballer

★ 1986 - Luke Moore, English footballer

★ 1987 - Ryan Buchter, American baseball player

★ 1989 - Carly McKillip, Canadian actress

Deaths

★ 858 - Kenneth I of Scotland

★ 1130 - Pope Honorius II

★ 1141 - Béla II of Hungary (b. 1110)

★ 1219 - Minamoto no Sanetomo, Japanese shogun (b. 1192)

★ 1322 - Andronicus II Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1260)

★ 1539 - Isabella d'Este, Marquise of Mantua (b. 1474)

★ 1542 - Catherine Howard, fifth wife of Henry VIII of England (executed) (b. 1525)

★ 1571 - Benvenuto Cellini, Italian artist (b. 1500)

★ 1585 - Alfonso Salmeron, Spanish Jesuit biblical scholar (b. 1515)

★ 1592 - Jacopo Bassano, Italian painter

★ 1600 - Gian Paolo Lomazzo, Italian painter (b. 1538)

★ 1602 - Alexander Nowell, English clergyman

★ 1608 - Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski, Lithuanian prince (b. 1526)

★ 1624 - Stephen Gosson, English satirist (b. 1554)

★ 1657 - Miles Sindercombe, attempted assassin of Oliver Cromwell

★ 1660 - King Charles X of Sweden (b. 1622)

★ 1662 - Elizabeth Stuart (b. 1596)

★ 1727 - William Wotton, English scholar (b. 1666)

★ 1728 - Cotton Mather, American Puritan minister (b. 1663)

★ 1732 - Charles-René d'Hozier, French historian (b. 1640)

★ 1787 - Ruđer Bošković, Croatian scientist and diplomat (b. 1711)

★ 1787 - Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes, French statesman and diplomat (b. 1717)

★ 1813 - Samuel Ashe, Governor of North Carolina (b. 1725)

★ 1818 - George Rogers Clark, American military leader (b. 1752)

★ 1826 - Petr Alekseevich Pahlen, Russian general (b. 1745)

★ 1837 - Mariano José de Larra, Spanish journalist and writer (b. 1809

★ 1845 - Henrik Steffens, Norwegian-German philosopher (b. 1773)

★ 1883 - Richard Wagner, German composer (b. 1813)

★ 1888 - Jean Baptiste Lamy, 1st Archbishop of Santa Fe (b. 1814)

★ 1905 - Konstantin Savitsky, Russian painter (b. 1844)

★ 1950 - Rafael Sabatini, Italian author (b. 1875)

★ 1951 - Lloyd C. Douglas, American author (b. 1877)

★ 1952 - Josephine Tey, English author (b. 1896)

★ 1958 - Georges Rouault, French painter (b. 1871)

★ 1964 - Werner Heyde, German psyhiatrist (b. 1902)

★ 1968 - Mae Marsh, American actress (b. 1895)

★ 1975 - André Beaufre, French General (b. 1902)

★ 1976 - Murtala Mohammed, Nigerian military leader (b. 1938)

★ 1976 - Lily Pons, French-born soprano (b. 1904)

★ 1980 - David Janssen, American actor (b. 1931)

★ 1989 - Wayne Hays, American politician (b. 1911)

★ 1991 - Arno Breker, German sculptor (b. 1900)

★ 1992 - Nikolay Bogolyubov, Russian mathematician (b. 1909)

★ 1996 - Martin Balsam, American actor (b. 1919)

★ 1997 - Mark Krasnosel'skii, Russian-Ukrainian mathematician (b. 1920)

★ 2000 - James Cooke Brown, American author and inventor (b. 1921)

★ 2002 - Waylon Jennings, American musician (b. 1937)

★ 2003 - Kid Gavilan, Cuban boxer (b. 1926)

★ 2003 - Axel Jensen, Norwegian author (b. 1932)

★ 2003 - Walt Rostow, U.S. government official (b. 1916)

★ 2004 - Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev, Chechen leader (b. 1952)

★ 2005 - Nelson Briles, baseball player (b. 1943)

★ 2005 - Lúcia Santos, Carmelite nun (b. 1907)

★ 2005 - Maurice Trintignant, French race car driver (b. 1917)

★ 2005 - Dick Weber, American professional bowler (b. 1929)

★ 2005 - Emilios T. Harlaftis, Greek astrophysicist (b. 1965)

★ 2006 - Andreas Katsulas, American actor (b. 1946)

★ 2007 - Elizabeth Jolley, Australian writer (b. 1923)

★ 2007 - Johanna Sällström, Swedish actress (b. 1974)

★ 2007 - Richard Gordon Wakeford, Air Marshal, Royal Air Force (b. 1922)

Liturgical feasts

★ Saint Beatrice

★ Saint Ermenildis

★ Saint Fulcran

★ Saint Polyeuctus

★ See also February 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

External links

★ On this day in Canada

★

★ BBC: On This Day
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