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'Faubourg' is an ancient French term approximating "suburb". It is itself a derivative of ''Forsbourg'', a descendant of Latin ''"foris"'' (out of) ''"burgum"'' (town or city). Traditionally, and especially for Paris, this name was given to an agglomeration forming around a throughway leading outwards from a city gate, and usually took the name of the same thoroughfare within the city. Thus the rue Saint-Dénis within Paris' walls gave birth to the ''faubourg Saint-Dénis'' without.
Many Parisian streets have retained their ancient denomination in spite of city growth; today it is still possible to discern pre-1860 delimitations in Paris by marking the point where a thoroughfare's name changes from "rue de..." to "rue du faubourg de...". Most remarkable examples are the rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré and the above rue du Faubourg Saint-Dénis.
The term was also used in the early expansion of New Orleans beyond the original city plan, when French was still a common language in the colonial city. Faubourg Tremé and Faubourg Marigny, two of the oldest neighborhoods outside of the French Quarter, are persistent examples. Another early example was Faubourg St. Mary, a commercial district, which developed into the modern Central Business District.^[1]

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1. Campanella, Richard. Time and Place in New Orleans: Past Geographies in the Present Day. Gretna, Louisiana: Pelican Publishing Company, 2002. ISBN 1-56554-991-0