'Enmerkar', according to the
Sumerian king list, was the builder of
Uruk, and was said to have reigned for "420 years" (or 900 as some copies).
It adds that he brought the official kingship with him from the city of Eana, after his father
Mesh-ki-ag-gasher, son of
Utu, had "entered the sea and disappeared."
Enmerkar is also known from a few other
Sumerian legends, most notably ''
Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta'', where a previous confusion of the languages of mankind is mentioned. Here, he himself is called 'the son of Utu' (
Utu was the Sumerian Sun god). In addition to founding Uruk, he is said here to have had a temple built at
Eridu, and is even credited with the invention of writing on clay tablets for purposes of threatening
Aratta into submission.
David Rohl has claimed parallels between Enmerkar, (-KAR meaning "hunter"), founder of Uruk, and
Nimrod the Hunter, founder of Erech (the Biblical name for Uruk) according to Genesis 10, and builder of the
Tower of Babel in post-Biblical legends. Rohl has even suggested that Eridu near
Ur was the original site of
Babel, and that the incomplete
ziggurat found there, by far the oldest and largest of its kind, are none other than the ruins of the Biblical tower.
External link
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Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta (English translation from Sumerian)