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EspañolEMPEROR EN'Yū
'Emperor En'yū' (円融天皇 ''En'yū-tennō'') (959-991) was the '64th' emperor of Japan. He ruled from 969 to 984, according to the traditional order of succession. [1]
Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''iminia'') was Morihira''-shinnō''.[2]
Morihira''-shinnō'' was the fifth son of emperor Emperor Murakami by the empress consort ''Anshi'', the daughter of Fujiwara no Morosuke, therefore the brother of Emperor Reizei.
In 967, Morihira''-shinnō'' was appointed as the crown prince, bypassing his elder brother by the same mother, since his brother had no support from the Fujiwara clan.
In his reign there were a severe struggle between the Fujiwara clan over who would be appointed the ''Kampaku'' regent. Emperor En'yū followed his mother's advice and favored Fujiwara no Kanemichi, his maternal uncle. He had only one son, later the emperor Emperor Ichijō by Senshi, a daughter of Fujiwara no Kaneie, another brother of his mother. He made the daughter of Kanemichi the empress consort, though she bore no children. Senshi and his father Kaneie were angry at this elevation of their rival and were absent from the court for a long time, staying at the mansion of Kaneie with the child.
On August 27, 984 he abdicated.
'Kugyō'' (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During En'yū's reign, this apex of the ''Daijō-kan'' included:
★
★ ''Kampaku'', Ōno-no-miya Fujiwara no Saneyori (藤原実頼), 900-970.[3]
★
★ ''Kampaku'', Fujiwara no Yoritada, 924-989.[3]
★
★ ''Daijō-daijin'', Fujiwara no Saneyori.[3]
★
★ ''Daijō-daijin'', Fujiwara no Yoritada.[3]
★
★ ''Sesshō'', Fujiwara no Koretada, 924-972.[3]
★
★ ''Udaijin'', Fujiwara no Koretada.[3]
★
★ ''Udaijin'', Fujiwara no Kaneie, 929-990.[3]
★
★ ''Udaijin'', Fujiwara no Kanemichi, 925-977.[3]
The years of En'yū's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or ''nengō''.[11]
★ ''Anna '' (968-970)
★ ''Tenroku '' (970-973)
★ ''Ten'en '' (973-976)
★ ''Jōgen (Heian period)'' (976-978)
★ ''Tengen '' (978-983)
★ ''Eikan '' (983-985)
1. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon,'' p. 144; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō,'' p. 299.
2. Titsingh, p. 144; Varely, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki,'' P. 191; Brown, p. 264. [Up until the time of Emperor Jomei, the personal names of the emperors (their ''iminia'') were very long and people did not generally use them. The number of characters in each name diminished after Jomei's reign.]
3. Brown, p. 299.
4. Brown, p. 299.
5. Brown, p. 299.
6. Brown, p. 299.
7. Brown, p. 299.
8. Brown, p. 299.
9. Brown, p. 299.
10. Brown, p. 299.
11. Titsingh, p. 144.
★ Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). [ Jien (1221)], ''Gukanshō; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'Gukanshō,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. Brown & Ichirō Ishida.'' Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-03460-0
★ Titsingh, Isaac, ed. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō (1652)], ''Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth.'' Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. --''Two copies of this rare book have now been made available online: (1) from the library of the University of Michigan, digitized January 30, 2007; and (2) from the library of Stanford University, digitized June 23, 2006.'' Click here to read the original text in French.
★ Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). [ Kitabatake Chikafusa (1359)], ''Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley).'' New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-04940-4
| Contents |
| Genealogy |
| Events of En'yū''-tennō's life |
| ''Kugyō'' |
| Eras of En'yū''-tennō's reign |
| References |
Genealogy
Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''iminia'') was Morihira''-shinnō''.[2]
Morihira''-shinnō'' was the fifth son of emperor Emperor Murakami by the empress consort ''Anshi'', the daughter of Fujiwara no Morosuke, therefore the brother of Emperor Reizei.
In 967, Morihira''-shinnō'' was appointed as the crown prince, bypassing his elder brother by the same mother, since his brother had no support from the Fujiwara clan.
Events of En'yū''-tennō's life
In his reign there were a severe struggle between the Fujiwara clan over who would be appointed the ''Kampaku'' regent. Emperor En'yū followed his mother's advice and favored Fujiwara no Kanemichi, his maternal uncle. He had only one son, later the emperor Emperor Ichijō by Senshi, a daughter of Fujiwara no Kaneie, another brother of his mother. He made the daughter of Kanemichi the empress consort, though she bore no children. Senshi and his father Kaneie were angry at this elevation of their rival and were absent from the court for a long time, staying at the mansion of Kaneie with the child.
On August 27, 984 he abdicated.
''Kugyō''
'Kugyō'' (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During En'yū's reign, this apex of the ''Daijō-kan'' included:
★
★ ''Kampaku'', Ōno-no-miya Fujiwara no Saneyori (藤原実頼), 900-970.[3]
★
★ ''Kampaku'', Fujiwara no Yoritada, 924-989.[3]
★
★ ''Daijō-daijin'', Fujiwara no Saneyori.[3]
★
★ ''Daijō-daijin'', Fujiwara no Yoritada.[3]
★
★ ''Sesshō'', Fujiwara no Koretada, 924-972.[3]
★
★ ''Udaijin'', Fujiwara no Koretada.[3]
★
★ ''Udaijin'', Fujiwara no Kaneie, 929-990.[3]
★
★ ''Udaijin'', Fujiwara no Kanemichi, 925-977.[3]
Eras of En'yū''-tennō's reign
The years of En'yū's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or ''nengō''.[11]
★ ''Anna '' (968-970)
★ ''Tenroku '' (970-973)
★ ''Ten'en '' (973-976)
★ ''Jōgen (Heian period)'' (976-978)
★ ''Tengen '' (978-983)
★ ''Eikan '' (983-985)
References
1. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon,'' p. 144; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō,'' p. 299.
2. Titsingh, p. 144; Varely, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki,'' P. 191; Brown, p. 264. [Up until the time of Emperor Jomei, the personal names of the emperors (their ''iminia'') were very long and people did not generally use them. The number of characters in each name diminished after Jomei's reign.]
3. Brown, p. 299.
4. Brown, p. 299.
5. Brown, p. 299.
6. Brown, p. 299.
7. Brown, p. 299.
8. Brown, p. 299.
9. Brown, p. 299.
10. Brown, p. 299.
11. Titsingh, p. 144.
★ Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). [ Jien (1221)], ''Gukanshō; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'Gukanshō,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. Brown & Ichirō Ishida.'' Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-03460-0
★ Titsingh, Isaac, ed. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō (1652)], ''Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth.'' Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. --''Two copies of this rare book have now been made available online: (1) from the library of the University of Michigan, digitized January 30, 2007; and (2) from the library of Stanford University, digitized June 23, 2006.'' Click here to read the original text in French.
★ Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). [ Kitabatake Chikafusa (1359)], ''Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley).'' New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-04940-4
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